Ake sixoxe ngokuhlolwa kwe-Apo B (i-Apolipoprotein B) ukuze kutholakale ngokunembile ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo.

Sonke sizwile nge-cholesterol, akunjalo? Siyazi ukuthi amazinga aphezulu "e-cholesterol embi" (LDL) egazini andisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo nesifo sohlangothi. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi kukhona okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile okungakutshela okwengeziwe ngengozi yesifo senhliziyo kunokulinganisa i-cholesterol yakho embi? Lokho kuhlolwa ukuhlolwa kwe-Apo B. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngendlela elula ongayiqonda.

Kuyini i-Apo B? Kungani ibalulekile?

Kalula nje, i-Apo B (i-apolipoprotein B) uhlobo lweprotheni. Cabanga ngayo njenge-"tekisi." Le teksi ithwala amafutha (i-cholesterol embi, njenge-LDL ne-VLDL) kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye egazini. Okusho ukuthi, le phrotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-Apo B inamathele ezinhlayiyeni ze-cholesterol embi.

Into ebalulekile lapha ukuthi kukhona inhlayiya eyodwa ye-Apo B kunhlayiya eyodwa ye-LDL. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunesilinganiso se-one-to-one phakathi kwalezi ezimbili.

Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol esikwenzayo (iphaneli ye-lipid) kulinganisa ukugcwala kwe-cholesterol egazini. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela noma i-metabolic syndrome, izinhlayiya ze-cholesterol embi zingaba zincane futhi zibe zinkulu. Khona-ke, noma ngabe inani elivela ekuhlolweni kwe-cholesterol okuvamile lingaphakathi kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile, empeleni kungaba nenani elikhulu lezinhlayiya eziyingozi egazini.

Kulesi simo, ukuhlolwa kwe-Apo B kunembe kakhulu. Yingakho abanye odokotela bethemba ukuhlolwa kwe-Apo B ngaphezu kokuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol okuvamile ukuze balinganise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.

Kufanele wenze nini ukuhlolwa kwe-Apo B?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho angancoma lokhu kuhlolwa:

• Funda kabanzi ngengozi yesifo senhliziyo yakho: Lokhu kuhlolwa kungasetshenziswa njengolwazi olwengeziwe lapho kunzima ukuthola isithombe esicacile sengozi yakho emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol okulula.
• Uma unomlando womndeni wesifo senhliziyo: Uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nesifo senhliziyo esemncane, lokhu kungabaluleka ukuhlola ubungozi bakho.
• Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifo sikashukela: Abantu abanezimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, noma i-metabolic syndrome basengozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Apo B kungasiza ekuhloleni ngokunembile ubungozi babo.
• Bheka impendulo yemithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol:Uma uthatha imithi efana nama-statin ukuze wehlise i-cholesterol yakho, lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa nokubona ukuthi lezo zindlela zokwelapha zisebenza kahle kangakanani.

Ulungiselela kanjani lolu vivinyo?

Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Uma wenza ukuhlolwa kwe-Apo B kuphela, akudingeki uzile ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Kodwa-ke, odokotela abaningi bazokwenza nokuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol okujwayelekile (i-lipid panel) kanye nalolu vivinyo. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kuzodingeka uyeke ukudla noma ukuphuza cishe amahora ayi-12 . Ukuphuza amanzi kulungile. Eqinisweni, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi kwenza kube lula kumuntu othatha igazi ukuthola umthambo emzimbeni wakho.

Kuzoba lula ngawe ukugqoka ihembe elinemikhono emifushane ngosuku lokuhlolwa. Ngaleyo ndlela, kuzoba lula ukukhipha igazi.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa nangemva kwalokho?

Lokhu kufana nje nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.

1. Bakwenza uhlale esihlalweni bese bekutshela ukuthi welule isandla sakho.

2. Ngemuva kwalokho, ibhande lerabha (i-tourniquet) liyaqiniswa eduze kwengalo yakho engenhla, okuveza umthambo.

3. Hlanza indawo yokufaka inaliti nge-alcohol swab.

4. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa inaliti encane emthanjeni bese kuqoqwa inani legazi elidingekayo ngepayipi.

5. Uma igazi selikhishiwe, ibhande lerabha liyasuswa, inaliti iyasuswa, bese kubekwa ucezu lukakotini endaweni bese lucindezelwa isikhashana. Bese kufakwa iplasta encane endaweni.

Iningi labantu alizizwa lingakhululekile ngemva kokukhishwa kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase bazizwe benesiyezi noma babe nombono ofiphele. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, hlala phansi isikhashana. Ukwehlisa ikhanda lakho phakathi kwamadolo noma ukuphuza amanzi kungasiza.

Kungase kube nokulimala okuncane endaweni lapho igazi lidonswa khona izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Lokhu kuvamile.

Ngiyiqonda kanjani imiphumela yombiko?

Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-Apo B-100 ibikwa ngama-milligram nge-deciliter (mg/dL). Leli thebula lizokusiza ukuthi uqonde imiphumela.

Okubalulekile: Iziqondiso zezinye izazi zenhliziyo zincoma ukuthi abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-40 no-75 asebevele bethatha imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol (ama-statin) bahlose ukugcina amazinga e-Apo B engaphansi kuka-65 mg/dL noma u-80 mg/dL . Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.

Ezinye izizathu ezingabangela ushintsho emazingeni e-Apo B

Ngaphezu kwengozi yesifo senhliziyo, ezinye izimo zingabangela nokuthi amazinga e-Apo B akhuphuke noma ehle.

Uma amazinga e-Apo B ephezulu, yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo?

Uma izinga lakho le-Apo B liphezulu, ungesabi. Kusho ukuthi usengozini futhi kufanele uqashwe. Iseluleko esinikezwe lapha sifana nalokho udokotela angakunikeza ngokuvamile uma i-cholesterol yakho embi (i-LDL) iphezulu.

Kunjalo:

• Ukuzivocavoca: Vivinya okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku. Ungenza okuthile njengokuhamba ngokushesha, ukugijima, noma ukugibela ibhayisikili.
• Ukudla okunempilo: Yidla ukudla okucebile ngezithelo nemifino. Nciphisa ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ukudla okuthosiwe, ukudla okucutshunguliwe, namafutha ezilwane (amafutha agcwele).
• Ukulondoloza isisindo esinempilo: Zama ukugcina isisindo esinempilo esifanelana nobude bakho.
• Gwema ukubhema: Uma ubhema, kubalulekile ukuyeka ngokuphelele.
• Imithi: Ngezinye izikhathi ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kuphela akwanele. Ezimweni ezinjalo, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze umuthi wokwehlisa i-cholesterol, njenge -statin .

Ngaphambi kokuqala noma yikuphi kwalokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nengxoxo ejulile nodokotela wakho mayelana nemiphumela yakho kanye nezinyathelo ezilandelayo okufanele uzithathe.