Njengomama noma ubaba, siyazi ukuthi ukhathazekile kangakanani ngengane yakho. Wake wezwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yengane yakho kunyuka ngokuzumayo, noma uzizwa sengathi ishaya ngokushesha kakhulu? Noma uzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya kanye, bese ima isikhashana bese iqala ukushaya futhi (ukushaya okweqiwe)? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma ubona into efana nale. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba sesabe, ake siqaphele lokhu. Ngokwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Arrhythmia.
Kalula nje, iyini le nkinga yenhliziyo ehambisana nokushaya kwenhliziyo?
I-Arrhythmia iyinto elula kakhulu. Isho ushintsho esigqini senhliziyo yethu. Ngokuvamile, inhliziyo yethu ishaya ngendlela efanayo, ngesigqi esijwayelekile. Kufana nezandla zewashi ezishaya ngesivinini esifanayo. Okwenzekayo esigqini se-arrhythmia ukuthi lesi sigqi siphuma ngokushesha.
Kunezinto eziningana ezingenzeka lapha:
- Inhliziyo ingashaya ngokushesha okukhulu .
- Inhliziyo ingase ishaye kancane kakhulu .
- Kungase kube nokushaya okungajwayelekile.
- Kungase kube nokushaya kwenhliziyo okwengeziwe .
Lesi simo singathinta abantu abadala nezingane ezincane. Esikhathini esiningi, asibi sibi kakhulu futhi asidingi ukwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela lokhu, njengoba izimo ezingavamile kakhulu zingaba zimbi kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke inhliziyo yethu ishaya kanjani ngempela?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, sidinga ukwazi okuncane ngohlelo lukagesi olumangalisayo olusezinhliziyweni zethu. Cabanga ngalo njengohlelo lokukhanyisa ekhaya lakho. Njengoba nje ukukhanya kuvula uma uvula iswishi, izinhliziyo zethu ziyashaya lapho zithola izimpawu zikagesi.
Le nqubo ihamba kanje:
1. Isibonakaliso sokuqala: Ukushaya kwenhliziyo ngakunye kuqala ngeqoqo lamaseli ku-atrium efanele yenhliziyo yethu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-sinoatrial (SA) node . Lena 'i-pacemaker' yemvelo yenhliziyo yethu. Kufana nomqhubi we-orchestra.
2. Ukufinyela kwe-Atrial: Isignali kagesi evela ku-SA node ibangela ukuthi amakamelo amabili aphezulu enhliziyo, i-atria, afinyele. Igazi elikulawo makamelo libe seliphonswa emakamelweni amabili aphansi, ama-ventricle.
3. Ukudluliswa kwesignali: Lesi signali sikagesi bese siya kwelinye iqembu lamaseli elibizwa ngokuthi i-atrioventricular (AV) node . Lokhu kufana nentambo ethwala ugesi usuka emakamelweni aphezulu uye emakamelweni aphansi.
4. Ukufinyela kwenhliziyo: I-AV node ithumela esinye isignali emakamelweni amabili angezansi, ama-ventricle. Lesi signali sibangela ukuthi ama-ventricle afinyele ngamandla, ampompe igazi lisuka enhliziyweni liye emzimbeni wonke.
5. Ikhefu kanye nesiqalo esisha:Ekugcineni, amaseli amabili ayaphumula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufika isignali entsha evela ku-SA node, bese kuqala ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusha.
Uma le nqubo yenzeka kahle, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yethu kanye nesigqi kuqondile. Kodwa uma ngesizathu esithile lolu hlelo lukagesi luphazamiseka, khona-ke kuvela i-arrhythmia.
I-Arrhythmia yisimo esivamile ezinganeni. Esikhathini esiningi, lezi azinangozi. Kodwa-ke, azivamile ukuba zimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingavamile.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-arrhythmia ezenzeka ezinganeni?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-arrhythmia ezenzeka kubantu abadala nasezinganeni. Ake sizihlukanise ngale ndlela elandelayo ukuze kube lula ukuziqonda.
| Uhlobo lwe-arrhythmia | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izinhlobo eziqala emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo (i-atria) (i-Supraventricular Tachycardia - SVT) | |
| I-AV nodal reentrant tachycardia kanye ne-Orthodromic reentrant tachycardia | Lolu uhlobo lwe-SVT oluvame kakhulu olubonakala ezinganeni. Cabanga ngakho njengokuvula nokuvala isibani, lapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kushesha khona ngokushesha bese kubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Lokhu kungenzeka nasezinganeni ezinesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome , esibangelwa ukuxhumana okwengeziwe kukagesi phakathi kwamakamelo aphezulu nangaphansi enhliziyo. |
| Ukuphaphazela kwe-Atrial | Kulokhu, yize inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha, kwenzeka ngesigqi esiqinile nesifanayo. |
| I-fibrillation ye-atrial | Kulokhu, inhliziyo ishaya ngokushesha nangendlela exakile nengajwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile ezinganeni. |
| Ukuncishiswa kwe-atrial ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ama-PAC) | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukushaya okwengeziwe kwenzeka ngaphambi kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuvamile. Ungase uzizwe sengathi uphuthelwe ukushaya noma ukushaya okwengeziwe. |
| Izinhlobo eziqala emakamelweni aphansi (amaseli) enhliziyo | |
| Ukufinyela kwe-ventricular ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ama-PVC) | Lokhu kufana nakuqala, kodwa lokhu kushaya okwengeziwe kuqala emakamelweni aphansi (amaseli) enhliziyo. |
| I-V-tachya ye-ventricular (i-V-tach) | Lesi yisimo esibi lapho inhliziyo ishaya khona ngokushesha okukhulu ngenxa yezimpawu zikagesi ezivela emakamelweni aphansi enhliziyo. |
| Ukufiphaza kwemithambo yegazi | Lesi yisimo esiyingozi kakhulu . Kulesi simo, amakamelo aphansi enhliziyo awafinyeleli kahle, kodwa kunalokho ayathuthumela nje. Lokhu kuvimbela igazi ukuthi lingapompi emzimbeni wonke. |
| Ezinye izinhlobo | |
| I-Bradycardia | Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuhamba kancane. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu akulona ingozi, ikakhulukazi uma ingane ingenazo izimpawu. |
| I-Heart block | Okwenzekayo kulokhu ukuthi isignali kagesi ehamba isuka emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo iye emakamelweni aphansi iyabambezeleka noma ivalwe ngokuphelele. |
| I-sinus syndrome egulayo | Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umshini wenhliziyo wemvelo, i-SA node, ungasebenzi kahle. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akubonakali kwabanye abantwana, ngaphandle kwabantwana abanesifo senhliziyo abazalwa naso. |
Ingabe i-Sinus Arrhythmia Ivamile Ezinganeni?
Yebo. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lesabisa, i-Sinus Arrhythmia akuyona ngempela i-arrhythmia. Kuyisimo esijwayelekile nesinempilo . Cishe zonke izingane zinaso.
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane kukhula kancane uma idonsa umoya futhi kwehla kancane uma ikhipha umoya. Lokhu akubangeli zimpawu futhi akudingi ukwelashwa. Eqinisweni, kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi inhliziyo yengane isesimweni esihle.
Yiziphi izimpawu zengane ene-arrhythmia?
Izimpawu zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lwe-arrhythmia ingane yakho enalo. Ezinye izingane zingase zingabonisi nhlobo izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma ubona lezi zinto enganeni yakho, qaphela.
- Uma ukhuluma ngobuhlungu besifuba .
- Ubunzima bokudla nokuncelisa . Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kuwukuphela kwesibonakaliso umntwana osanda kuzalwa azosiqaphela.
- Ukuzungeza, ukuba nekhanda elikhanyayo, noma ukuquleka (i-syncope) .
- Uma uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu noma ubuthakathaka .
- Uma uthi uzwa inhliziyo yakho ishaya , ungase uzizwe njengovemvane olundiza esifubeni sakho, noma inhliziyo yakho iyashaya ngamandla (ukushaya kwenhliziyo).
- Ukuzizwa ungenakuthula futhi uthukuthele njalo . Izingane ezincane ezingakwazi ukuveza imizwa yazo zingase ziphathe ngale ndlela.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya) .
Akuvamile kakhulu, uphawu lokuqala kungaba ukuquleka, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, noma ukufa kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo. Ngakho-ke uma kwenzeka into engathi sína efana nale , thatha ingane yakho uyiyise emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha .
Yini ebangela i-arrhythmia ezinganeni?
Esikhathini esiningi, izingane ezinezimo ezifana ne-SVT azinazo ezinye izinkinga zesakhiwo sezinhliziyo zazo. Kodwa-ke, kunezici eziningana ezingasiza ekuthuthukisweni kwezinye izinhlobo ze-arrhythmia.
- I-Cardiomyopathy: Lesi yisimo lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iba lukhuni, ikhule, noma iqine.
- Izimo zofuzo: Isibonelo, izimo ezifana ne- long QT syndrome (isimo lapho uhlelo lukagesi lwenhliziyo luthatha isikhathi eside ukushaja kabusha).
- Imithi ethile: Imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi leyo enikezwa izingane ezisezindlini zokunakekelwa okujulile.
- Isifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso: Ukukhubazeka okuthile enhliziyweni okukhona lapho umuntu ezalwa .
- Ukungalingani kwamakhemikhali emzimbeni: Kuyanda noma kuncipha ezintweni ezifana nama-electrolyte egazini.
- Ezinye izimbangela: umkhuhlane, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukucindezeleka, ukungakwazi ukulala, noma izimo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni.
- Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka ngegciwane noma amagciwane.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi simo ngokunembile?
Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kutholakala lapho udokotela enza ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwengane. Noma, uma umtshela ngezimpawu zengane yakho, udokotela uqala ukusola bese emthumela ukuze ayohlolwa.
Ngokuvamile, udokotela wezingane noma udokotela wenhliziyo wezingane uzolalela umlando wempilo yengane nomndeni wayo, alalele inhliziyo yengane, bese enza izivivinyo ezinjengalezi uma kudingeka.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola noma yimiphi imithi, izifo, noma ukungalingani kwamakhemikhali.
- I-Echocardiogram (i-Echocardiogram - i-echo): Lokhu kufana nokuskena kwenhliziyo. Kusebenzisa amaza omsindo ukubheka isakhiwo kanye nomsebenzi wenhliziyo ngokuningiliziwe.
- I-Electrocardiogram (ECG): Lolu luhlolo olulula kakhulu, olungenabuhlungu. Ama-electrode amancane abekwa esifubeni sengane ukuze aqophe umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. Ingane ingacelwa futhi ukuthi ihambe noma igibele ibhayisikili kulolu vivinyo.
- Ucwaningo lwe-Electrophysiologic (EPS): Kulokhu, udokotela ufaka ipayipi elincane kakhulu ngemithambo yegazi engalweni noma emlenzeni wengane enhliziyweni bese ebheka ukuthi isignali kagesi engavamile ivelaphi.
- I-Holter monitor: Lena idivayisi encane eqapha ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yengane amahora angama-24 noma izinsuku eziningana. Ingane ingayifaka bese yenza imisebenzi yayo yansuku zonke njengokujwayelekile.
Akuvamile kakhulu, uma lezi zivivinyo zingaphelele, udokotela angase ancome ukusebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-loop recorder , efakwa nge-incision encane kakhulu ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba sengane.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezinikezwa izingane?
Ezinye izifo ezihambisana nokushaya kwenhliziyo azidingi ukwelashwa . Udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi uqaphe ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane ngezikhathi ezithile.
Kwezinye izimo, isimo esiyisisekelo esibangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwenhliziyo siyalashwa. Isibonelo, uma kuyisifo, kunikezwa ama-antibiotic. Uma kuyi-chemical imbalance, kunikezwa imithi yokulungisa lesi simo.
Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi efana ne -beta-blockers noma i-calcium channel blockers ukulawula ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.
Kumntwana onesimo esibucayi kakhulu, lolu hlobo lokwelashwa lungadingeka:
- Ukususwa kwemisipha: Kulokhu, ukushisa noma amandla kulethwa ezicutshini zenhliziyo lapho kuqala khona i-arrhythmia, okuvimba isignali engavamile ukuthi ifike.
- Ukuguqulwa kwenhliziyo: Lena inqubo elungisa isigqi esingajwayelekile ngokuletha ukushaqeka kukagesi enhliziyweni. Ingenziwa futhi ngemithi.
- Amadivayisi afakelwayo: Idivayisi, njenge- pacemaker noma i-implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) , ifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi ilethe izimpawu zikagesi noma ukushaqeka ukulawula imigqi engavamile.
- Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Maze: Udokotela ohlinzayo wenza amanxeba amancane noma ukusha kwezicubu zenhliziyo ukuze avimbe izimpawu zikagesi ezingavamile ukuba zingahambi.
Liyoba njani ikusasa lomntwana onalesi simo?
Lokhu kuncike kakhulu ohlotsheni lwe-arrhythmia ingane enayo. Iningi le-arrhythmia ezinganeni alinangozi futhi alinazo imiphumela yempilo yesikhathi eside. Ezinye izingane zizokhula zidlule kulesi simo njengoba zikhula. Ezinye zingase ziqhubeke nokuba ne-arrhythmia kodwa zingaphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kokwelashwa.
Ngisho nezinhlobo ezingathi sína ze-arrhythmia zingaphathwa ngempumelelo ngokwelashwa okuthuthukile okutholakalayo namuhla.
Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, uma i-arrhythmia enkulu ingelashwa, ingaholela emiphumeleni emibi efana nalokhu:
- Amahlule egazi . Uma lokhu kuhamba kuye ebuchosheni, kungabangela isifo sohlangothi.
- Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo .
- Ukulimala kwezitho zomzimba (isib. ubuchopho, izinso, amaphaphu).
- Ukufa kwenhliziyo okungazelelwe .
Ingabe kukhona engingakwenza ekhaya uma kuvela izimpawu?
Yebo. Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ungazama lezi zinto ezilula ngaphambi kokuya kudokotela. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi 'izindlela zokunyakaza kwesisu'.
- Batshele ukuthi bakhwehlele kakhulu noma benze sengathi banesicanucanu .
- Beka iphakethe leqhwa noma indwangu ecwiliswe emanzini abandayo ebusweni bengane.
- Zama indlela yeValsalva: Cela ingane ukuthi ivale ikhala nomlomo wayo bese icindezela sengathi isizokhipha umoya.
Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungasiza ekulawuleni ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Kodwa lezi yizixazululo zesikhashana nje. Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka noma ingane yakho inenkinga, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Arrhythmia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile) ivame kakhulu ezinganeni. Ezimweni eziningi, ayinangozi.
- Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane yakho okushesha ngokuzumayo, ukwehla kwejubane, ubuhlungu besifuba, isiyezi, kanye nobunzima bokuncelisa.
- I-Sinus Arrhythmia iyimpawu enempilo, hhayi isifo. Ungayesabi.
- Uma unokungabaza noma ukwesaba, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela wezingane.
- Uma ubhekene nezimpawu ezinkulu (ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, ukuquleka, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumula), hamba ngokushesha uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yesibhedlela.
- Iningi lezimo ze-arrhythmia zingelashwa futhi zilawulwe ngempumelelo. Ngakho-ke ungesabi futhi ulandele iseluleko esifanele sezokwelapha.
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