Kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo, ukwesaba, kanye nokudideka ngemva kokuxilongwa ukuthi unomdlavuza webele. Kuleli qophelo, udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe mayelana nokuhlolwa kanye nokwelashwa. Esinye sazo kungaba ukuthi "udinga ukususwa amaqhubu ekhwapheni lakho." Ukuzwa lokhu kungenzeka kukunike ukwethuka okuncane. Kuyini ngempela lokhu kuhlinzwa? Kungani kubaluleke kangaka? Ake sixoxe ngakho ngendlela enobungane ongayiqonda.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, ziyini lezi zigaxa zamakhwapha?
Kalula nje, imizimba yethu inesimiso se-lymphatic. Lokhu kufana nesimiso sokuhlanza emzimbeni wethu. Uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-lymph lugeleza kulo lonke uhlelo. Emizileni yalesi lymph, kunezindawo zokuhlola ezincane. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-lymph node , noma "ama-nodule" ngamagama avamile.
Kunama-lymph node angaba ngu-20 kuya ku-40 ekhwapheni lakho. Siwabiza ngokuthi "ama-lymph node e-axillary". Umsebenzi wawo oyinhloko ukuhlunga nokuhlanza uketshezi lwe-lymph oluvela ezingalweni zakho, emabeleni, nasodongeni lwesifuba. Kulokhu kuhlunga, abamba amagciwane, izinto ezingafuneki, kanye namaseli omdlavuza kulolo ketshezi. Yingakho, uma umdlavuza webele usakazeka, uvame ukusakazeka kuqala kuma-lymph node ekhwapheni lakho.
Kungani udinga ukwenza lo msebenzi?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela wakho ohlinzayo (udokotela ohlinzayo womdlavuza) angancoma lokhu kuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuhlinzwa kwe-lumpectomy noma i-mastectomy.
| Izizathu eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa ukuhlinzwa | Lokhu kusho... |
|---|---|
| Ukuvuvukala kweqakala | Uma uneqhubu ekhwapheni lakho noma eduze kwethambo lakho lentamo elizwakala lithambile uma ulithinta, lokhu kungabangelwa ukunqwabelana kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza. |
| Ukubonakala kumaskeni | Uke wakwenza i-ultrasound scan , i-CT scan , noma i-PET scan?Uma umbiko ubonisa ukuthi izigaxa zamakhwapha zivuvukele noma zibukeka zingajwayelekile. |
| Umphumela we-Sentinel Node Biopsy | Lokhu kuhilela ukuthatha amangqamuzana okuqala ambalwa okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi asakaze umdlavuza bese uwahlola. Uma ukuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi amangqamuzana angaphezu kwamathathu aqukethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza, |
| Ngemuva kokwelashwa nge-chemotherapy | Ngezinye izikhathi i-chemotherapy inikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa ukuze kuncishiswe isimila sebele. Uma umdlavuza osemakhwapheni ungapheli ngemva kwalokho kwelashwa, |
Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Akukho okufanele ukhathazeke kakhulu ngakho. Lokhu ukuhlinzwa okuhleliwe.
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
Uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke uzizwe lutho ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, futhi uzobe ulele ngokuphelele. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imiyalelo ecacile mayelana nokuthi kufanele uyeke nini ukudla nokuphuza ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
1. Ukwenza i-incision: Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza i-incision encane esikhumbeni sekhwapha lakho. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele kalula ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona amaqhubu okusolakala ukuthi aqukethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
2. Ukususwa Kwezicubu: Izicubu eziqukethe ubomvu zisuswa ngokucophelela. Lokhu kuthunyelwa ku-"Pathologist"`, udokotela ochwepheshe bezicubu.
3. Ukukhipha Amanzi Okuhlinzwa: Kubekwa ipayipi elincane endaweni yokuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe noma yiluphi uketshezi oluningi (njengegazi noma ubomvu) oluqoqana lapho. Lokhu kususwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
4. Ukuthunga i-incision: Ekugcineni, i-incision ithungwa ngentambo eguquguqukayo noma intambo evamile.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu?
Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu kuhlinzwa ukuthi kungasho ngqo ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke emakhwapheni nokuthi ususakazeke kangakanani. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi yiluphi ukwelashwa okufanele uzinikeze lona kusukela esikhathini esizayo.
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezincane, futhi kubalulekile ukuzazi.
| Ingozi engaba khona | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| I-Lymphedema | Lena ingozi enkulu. Uma ama-lymph node esuswa, kungase kube nokuvinjelwa okuncane ekugelezeni koketshezi lwe-lymph. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala engalweni ohlangothini lokuhlinzwa. Kunezivivinyo ezikhethekile kanye nemiyalelo yokuvimbela lokhu. |
| I-Axillary Web Syndrome (AWS) | Kungase kube nobuhlungu ngaphansi kwekhwapha, kanye nomuzwa ofana nowentambo ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Lokhu kungelashwa futhi nge-physiotherapy. |
| Ezinye izingozi | Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunethuba elincane lokopha, ukutheleleka, kanye nomonakalo omncane wemizwa. |
Ungakhathazeki, udokotela wakho uzokwenza konke okusemandleni akhe ukunciphisa lezi zingozi. Angase futhi akuthumele kuchwepheshe we-lymphedema ukuze akusize uvimbele i-lymphedema.
Uthini umbiko?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, izicubu ezisusiwe ziyahlolwa bese kunikezwa umbiko. Kusho ukuthi zingaki izibonelo zezicubu eziqukethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekunqumeni isigaba somdlavuza.
| Isigaba seNode | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| N1 | Kukhona amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuma-lymph node angu-1 kuya kwangu-3 ekhwapheni. |
| N2 | Kukhona amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuma-lymph node angu-4 kuya kwangu-9 ekhwapheni. |
| N3 | Kunamangqamuzana omdlavuza kuma-lymph node ayi-10 noma ngaphezulu ekhwapheni, noma umdlavuza ususakazekele kuma-lymph node ngaphansi kwe-collarbone. |
Kodwa khumbula lokhu: Inani lamaseli esimila akuyona yodwa into enquma ubukhulu bomdlavuza.
Udokotela wakho uzocabangela ezinye izici eziningana lapho enquma isigaba esiqondile somdlavuza.
- Usayizi nendawo yesimila sebele.
- Ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele yini ezicutshini ezizungezile (owakhiwe ngama-metastasized).
- Isimo sama-hormone receptor amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Okusho ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi anama-estrogen receptor noma ama-progesterone receptor.
Uma lokhu kunzima ukukuqonda, ungakhathazeki. Ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi lo mbiko usho ukuthini nokuthi uthinta kanjani isimo sakho.
Kufanele ushayele nini udokotela ucingo ngokushesha?
Uma ufika ekhaya ngemva kokuhlinzwa, qaphela lezi zimpawu. Uma unanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma inxeba lokuhlinzwa liba bomvu, livuvukele, noma liphuma uketshezi , lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka.
- Uma ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe, noma uma ubuhlungu bungapheli ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi yobuhlungu.
- Uma ingalo noma iminwe ohlangothini lokuhlinzwa ivuvukele , lokhu kungaba ukuqala kwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Lymphedema)`.
Ukubhekana nomdlavuza akulula. Kodwa khumbula, isinyathelo ngasinye siyisinyathelo esiya ekwelapheni. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile kulolo hambo. Ulwazi oluthola kukho luzoba amandla amakhulu ohambweni lwakho lokululama.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukususwa kwe-Axillary Lymph Node kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekwelapheni umdlavuza webele.
- Lokhu kwenziwa kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
- Qaphela izingozi zokuvuvukala kwengalo (i-lymphedema) ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho kanye nokuzivocavoca ukuze uvimbele lokhu.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nemibiko yokuhlolwa oyitholayo, ungazigodli futhi ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuthi akucacisele.
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