Ingabe nawe uvame ukuba nesilungulela? Kuzwakala sengathi isifuba sakho siyasha. Ngezinye izikhathi ngemva kokudla, ikakhulukazi ebusuku lapho ulala phansi ngemva kokudla, ingabe uzizwa sengathi kukhona okumuncu nokubabayo okuphuma emlonyeni wakho? Abaningi bethu bacabanga ukuthi lokhu "kuyi-gastritis" bese bethatha umuthi ekhemisi bese bewuphuza nje. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi uma lesi simo siqhubeka isikhathi eside, singalimaza umphimbo wethu? Lesi yisimo esibi esingase senzeke ngenxa yalowo monakalo, obizwa ngokuthi 'i-Barrett's Esophagus'. Ungesabi, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Barrett's Esophagus?
Cabanga ngomhubhe wethu njengombhobho wamanzi. Lona umhubhe othwala ukudla esikudlayo kusuka emlonyeni wethu kuya esiswini sethu. Njengakwezinye izindawo emzimbeni wethu, ingaphakathi lalo mhubhe linesendlalelo esincane nesivikelayo samaseli (ulwelwesi). Umsebenzi walo ukuvikela umhubhe.
Manje ake ucabange ukuthi ama-asidi aqatha esiswini sethu ahlala ekhuphuka futhi eshaya izindonga zalomhubhe. Njengoba nje lapho into enzima iqhubeka iwela phansi, lelo phansi liyasha, le mizila ye-asidi ilimaza ungqimba oluthambile lwesisele lomhubhe.
Njengoba lo monakalo uqhubeka ukwenzeka eminyakeni edlule, umzimba wethu uzama ukuthola ikhambi. Umzimba ucabanga ukuthi, "Amaseli akulesi sifo awakwazi ukubhekana nalokhu kuhlaselwa yi-asidi. Kungcono ngenze uhlobo lweseli oluqinile, olungamelani ne-asidi lapha."
Ngakho-ke lokho umzimba okwenzayo ukufaka esikhundleni samaseli alimele ku-esophagus ngohlobo lweseli olumelana kakhulu ne-asidi kunohlobo olutholakala emathunjini ethu. Kalula nje, esikhundleni sohlobo lweseli okufanele lube ku-esophagus, uhlobo lweseli olutholakala emathunjini luqala ukukhula ku-esophagus. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-intestinal metaplasia . Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Barrett's Esophagus'.
Empeleni lokhu kuwumzamo womzimba wokuzivikela. Kodwa inkinga iwukuthi, lezi zinhlobo ezintsha zamaseli zinamathuba amancane okuba nomdlavuza kunamaseli avamile.
Ingabe lesi simo sibi kangakanani? Ingabe kufanele sesabe?
Lokhu kungase kukwethuse. Sonke siyesaba uma sizwa igama elithi "ingozi yomdlavuza." Kodwa into ebalulekile okufanele uyiqonde lapha ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu one-Barrett's Esophagus ozoba nomdlavuza.
Eqinisweni, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza iphansi kakhulu . Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ingozi ingu-0.5% ngonyaka, okungaphansi kuka-1%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu oyedwa kuphela kwabangu-200 abane-Barrett's Esophagus ozoba nomdlavuza phakathi nonyaka.
Futhi, lolu shintsho lwamaseli alubi umdlavuza ngobusuku obubodwa. Kuyinqubo eyenzeka kancane kancane. Ngaphambi kokuba isuke esimweni 'se-metaplasia' iye 'kumdlavuza', idlula kwesinye isigaba esiphakathi. Siyibiza ngokuthi 'i-dysplasia'. Kulesi sigaba 'se-dysplasia', odokotela bangayiqaphela. Uma bekwazi ukuyibona, bangasusa leyo ngxenye yeseli eshintshile futhi bayivimbele ukuthi ingathuthuki ibe umdlavuza.
Yingakho odokotela behlola futhi beqapha njalo abantu abane-Barrett's Esophagus.
Ziyini izimpawu ze-Barrett's Esophagus?
Into emangazayo lapha ukuthi azikho izimpawu ezithile ze-Barrett's Esophagus. Okusho ukuthi, awuzizwa sengathi amangqamuzana asemphinjeni wakho ashintshile.
Ngakho-ke uthola kanjani lokhu?
Ngokuvamile, inkinga eyisisekelo ebangela lesi simo yisona sizathu sokuthi ubhekene nezimpawu. Kwabaningi abantu, lokhu kubangelwa yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi isifo se-gastroesophageal reflux . Njengoba sonke sazi, yilokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease). Yilapho kuvela khona i-asidi yesisu bese ingena emhubheni.
Ngakho-ke ubhekene nalezi zimpawu ze-GERD:
- Isishiso senhliziyo: Umuzwa oshisayo ovela phakathi kwesifuba.
- Umphimbo omuncu: Umuzwa wokuqukethwe esiswini, okungukuthi i-asidi nokudla okungagayiwe, okungena emlonyeni.
- Ubunzima bokugwinya: Umuzwa wokuminyana lapho ugwinya ukudla noma isiphuzo.
- Umphimbo obuhlungu noma ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, noma ngabe usunezimpawu isikhathi eside, ngisho neminyaka, mhlawumbe ngezikhathi ezithile ezihambisana nokuqubuka kwesikhumba, ungazinaki. Ngokuqinisekile bonana nodokotela bese uthola iseluleko.
Yiziphi izici eziyingozi ezibangela lesi simo?
Nakuba imbangela eyinhloko ye-Barrett's Esophagus kuwumonakalo wesikhathi eside emhubheni, akuwona wonke umuntu owutholayo. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Ake sibheke ukuthi bangobani.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuba ne-GERD | Lesi yisici esiyinhloko sengozi. Abantu asebene-GERD iminyaka engaphezu kweyi-10 basengozini enkulu. Cishe abantu abayi-10%-15% abane-GERD bangase babe nalesi simo. |
| Ubulili | Amadoda anamathuba amabili noma amathathu okuthola i-Barrett's Esophagus kunabesifazane. |
| Ubudala | Lesi simo sivame ukubonakala kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-55. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuthatha isikhathi ukuthi lezi zinguquko zamaseli zenzeke. |
| Ukubhema | Ukubhema kungenye into ebalulekile ethinta lokhu. |
Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-Barrett's Esophagus?
Uma unezimpawu ze-GERD zesikhathi eside, udokotela wakho uzokudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zamathumbu. Uzokwenza isivivinyo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi unalesi simo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-endoscopy .
Kuyini ukuhlolwa kwe-endoscopy?
Lokhu kuhilela ukukunikeza umuthi wokudambisa ubuhlungu , bese udlulisa ipayipi elincane neliguquguqukayo elinekhamera emlonyeni wakho bese lehla ngomhubhe liye esiswini sakho. Ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu phakathi nale nqubo.
Ngale khamera, udokotela angalubona kahle udonga lwangaphakathi lomphimbo.
- Udonga lwangaphakathi lomphimbo ojwayelekile lunombala opinki okhanyayo futhi lunobuso obubushelelezi.
- I-Barrett's Esophagus ibonakala ibomvu-orenji (inombala we-salmon) futhi ilukhuni.
Uma ushintsho ekubukekeni lubonakala ngale ndlela, udokotela uzothatha ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu endaweni esolisayo ukuze ayihlole. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi i-biopsy . Le ngxenye yezicubu ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amaseli ashintshile ngempela yini, okusho ukuthi une-Barrett's Esophagus.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Barrett's Esophagus kanye neZigaba
Uma umbiko wakho we-biopsy usufikile, udokotela wakho uzokuchazela isimo. Ngokuvamile sihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili nezigaba eziningana.
| Ukuhlukaniswa | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Isigaba esifushane | Ingxenye ye-esophagus lapho amangqamuzana ashintshile khona ingaphansi kwamasentimitha amathathu ubude. |
| Ingxenye ende | Ubude besigaba lapho amaseli ashintshile khona bungaphezu kwamasentimitha amathathu. |
| Izigaba ngokuya ngengozi yomdlavuza (Izigaba ze-Dysplasia) | |
| I-Metaplasia ngaphandle kwe-dysplasia | Amaseli ashintshile, kodwa izinguquko zangaphambi komdlavuza (i-dysplasia) azikaqali. Ingozi yomdlavuza iphansi kakhulu. |
| I-Dysplasia yezinga eliphansi | Izinguquko zamaseli angaphambi komdlavuza seziqala ukuvela. Ingozi yomdlavuza iphakeme kancane. |
| I-Dysplasia yezinga eliphezulu | Kunezinguquko ezibalulekile ngaphambi komdlavuza emaseli. Ingozi yomdlavuza iphezulu. |
| I-Carcinoma | I-Dysplasia isiphenduke umdlavuza. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Barrett's Esophagus?
Izindlela zokwelapha zingahlukaniswa zibe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko.
1. Ukwelapha imbangela eyisisekelo
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Kudingeka siyeke ukulimaza umphimbo. Iningi lamacala libangelwa yi-GERD, eyelashwayo.
- Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila: Nciphisa ukudla okunongwe kakhulu, okunamafutha, ikhofi, njll. Gwema ukulala phansi amahora angu-2-3 ngemva kokudla ebusuku.
- Imithi: Kunikezwa imithi elawula ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi esiswini. Ama-Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) afana ne-'Omeprazole' kanye ne-'Esomeprazole' asebenza kahle kakhulu kulokhu. Lawa avimba umonakalo ku-esophagus futhi asize ukuthi iphole.
2. Ukuqapha
Uma isimo sakho singenayo i-dysplasia, okusho ukuthi ingozi yakho yokuba nomdlavuza iphansi, udokotela wakho cishe uzoncoma ukuthi wenze i-endoscopy njalo eminyakeni embalwa ukuze aqaphe isimo sakho. Uma une-dysplasia, kuzodingeka wenze i-endoscopy okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
3. Ukususwa kwamaseli angaphambi komdlavuza (i-Dysplasia)
Uma umbiko wakho uthi "une-dysplasia yezinga eliphezulu," okusho ukuthi usengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza, udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukuthi ususe amangqamuzana angavamile. Kunezindlela eziningana zokwenza lokhu.
- Ukwelashwa Kokukhipha Isisu: Kulokhu, idivayisi idluliselwa ngepayipi le-endoscopy bese amaseli amabi ebhujiswa kusetshenziswa i-radiofrequency noma i-cryotherapy.
- Ukususwa Kwama-Mucosal Endoscopic (EMR): Lokhu futhi kuyindlela encane yokuhlinzwa eyenziwa nge-'endoscopy'. Kulokhu, izicubu ezingavamile ziyasikwa bese zisuswa.
- Ukuhlinzwa (Ukususwa Kwesisu): Uma i-dysplasia inzima noma isiye yaba umdlavuza, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye eyonakele yomphimbo.
Ingabe lesi simo singalapheka ngokuphelele?
I-Metaplasia, noma ushintsho lweseli, ayiziqedi ngokwayo. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla kungasiza ekususeni izicubu ezonakele. Futhi, uma i-GERD ilawulwa kahle, umonakalo owengeziwe ungavinjelwa.
Kodwa ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, kunethuba elincane lokuthi lesi simo singaphinde sibuye, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokuya ezivivinyweni ezinconywa udokotela wakho.
Umuntu one-Barrett's Esophagus angaphila impilo ejwayelekile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lesi simo kusenesikhathi, nokulandela ukwelashwa okufanele kanye neseluleko sezokwelapha ngaphambi kokuba sibe sibi kakhulu. Uma wenza lokho, ungagwema izimo ezibucayi njengomdlavuza futhi uphile impilo enempilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besifuba obuqhubekayo noma ukunambitheka okumuncu emphinjeni wakho, ungakushayi indiva. Qiniseka ukuthi ubonana nodokotela.
- I-Barrett's Esophagus ayiyona umdlavuza, kodwa yisimo esikhuphula kancane ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza womphimbo.
- Ingozi yalo mdlavuza iphansi kakhulu futhi ingavinjelwa ngokuba ngaphansi kokuqashwa okufanele kwezokwelapha.
- Lokhu kutholakala nge-endoscopy kanye ne-biopsy.
- Imigomo eyinhloko yokwelashwa ukulawula imbangela eyisisekelo (i-GERD), ukuqapha lesi simo njalo, nokususa amaseli angaphambi komdlavuza uma kudingeka.
- Ngokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo, ungaphila impilo enempilo nejwayelekile.
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