Ingabe usebenza endaweni lapho kukhiqizwa khona izingxenye zezimoto, amakhompyutha, noma imishini kagesi? Ingabe ubuye ubhekane nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo nobunzima bokuphefumula ngenkathi usebenza endaweni enjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi siyakhohlwa ngalezi zinto, sicabanga ukuthi ziyizinto ezivamile, ezibangelwa uthuli. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwalezi zimpawu, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nendaba engathi sína kakhulu esingayicabangi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esingathinta abantu abasebenza ezimbonini ezinjalo, ikakhulukazi labo abasebenza ezimbonini ezithile. Lokho kubizwa ngokuthi i-berylliosis.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Berylliosis?
I-Beryllium ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu isikhathi eside okubangelwa ukuhogela izinhlayiya ezincane noma umusi we-beryllium yensimbi . Kalula nje, yisimo lapho amaphaphu evuvukala khona. I-Beryllium iyinsimbi elula kakhulu futhi eqinile. Yingakho isetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto eziningi, njengezimoto, amakhompyutha, imishini yegalofu, izingxenye zezindiza, kanye nezinto zikagesi ezahlukahlukene.
Kodwa into ebalulekile lapha ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu obhekene ne-beryllium othola lesi sifo. Lokhu kuyimpendulo yesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela . Okusho ukuthi, yilabo kuphela abanokungezwani komzimba noma abazwela i-beryllium abathola lesi sifo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukuzwela i-Beryllium Sensitization (BeS) .
Cabanga ngomuntu onesifo sokungezwani komzimba namakinati. Ngisho noma wonke umuntu edla ama-pineti, umuntu onesifo sokungezwani komzimba kuphela ozoba nokusabela. Ukuzwela kwe-beryllium kuyinto efanayo.
Lesi sifo sibangela umonakalo ezicutshini zamaphaphu, okubangela izibazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kubangela izimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula nokukhwehlela.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalesi sifo.
Isifo se-Beryllium singahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Isifo Se-Beryllium Esingapheli (i-CBD)
Yilokhu esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi i-berylliosis. Yisifo samaphaphu esenzeka kubantu abazwela kakhulu i-beryllium (BeS). Yisimo sokuzivikela komzimba, okusho ukuthi uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu luhlasela amaphaphu ethu. Ngezinye izikhathi kungadidaniswa nesinye isifo samaphaphu, njenge -sarcoidosis .
Uma umuntu esezwela kakhulu ku-beryllium, lesi sifo singakhula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Singavela futhi eminyakeni eminingi ngemva kokuba ukuchayeka ku-beryllium kuyekile.
2. Isifo Esibi Se-Beryllium
Lesi simo asivamile kakhulu ukubonwa kulezi zinsuku.Ngenxa yokuthi imithetho yamanje yokuphepha emsebenzini ivimbela ukuchayeka enanini elikhulu le-beryllium emoyeni okubangela isimo esibi kangaka, lesi yisimo esingakhula ngokushesha kakhulu futhi sikhule ngokushesha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-beryllium ingabangela isimo sesikhumba esibizwa ngokuthi i-contact dermatitis, okuyisifo sokuvuvukala kwesikhumba. Uma umuntu osebenza ne-beryllium eba nalolu hlobo lokusabela kwesikhumba, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha, njengoba esengozini enkulu yokuthola ukuzwela kwe-beryllium (BeS).
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Izimpawu ze-berylliosis engapheli (i-CBD) zivame ukukhula kancane kakhulu futhi ziba zimbi kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu lapho betholakala benalesi sifo.
Kulesi sifo, amaphaphu ethu asabela ku-Fremdkörper (into yangaphandle) ebizwa ngokuthi i-beryllium bese evuvukala. Ngenxa yalokhu kusabela, amangqamuzana omzimba aqoqana emaphashini bese enza amaqhubu amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama-granuloma . Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lawa ayanqwabelana emaphashini, okubangela izibazi kanye nokuncipha kokusebenza kwamaphaphu. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, kungase kube nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphelelwa umoya | Ukuzizwa uphelelwa umoya, ikakhulukazi uma uzikhandla kancane, njengalapho ukhuphuka izitebhisi. |
| Ukukhwehlela | Ukukhwehlela okomile okuhlala isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi okungenawo amafinyila. |
| Ukukhathala | Ukukhathala okukhulu nokukhathala ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba | Ukuzwa ukuqina noma ubuhlungu esifubeni. |
| Ezinye izici | Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukwehla kwesisindo, ubuhlungu bamalunga, kanye nokujuluka ebusuku. |
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma usebenza emsebenzini ongakubangela i-beryllium, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela. Udokotela wakho uzobhala umlando ophelele wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi mayelana nomlando wakho womsebenzi. Bangase batuse ukuhlolwa okuningana ukusiza ekuxilongeni lesi simo.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Beryllium Lymphocyte Proliferation Test (BeLPT) . Lokhu kuhlola ukubona ukuthi amaseli amhlophe egazi egazini lakho ayasabela yini ku-beryllium. Lokhu kungabonisa ukuthi une-beryllium sensitivity (BeS).
- I-CT scan yesifuba: Lokhu kungasibona kahle isimo samaphaphu akho kanye nobukhulu banoma yikuphi ukusha noma ukuvuvukala.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokuphefumula: I-Spirometry iwukuhlolwa okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu kulokhu. Ilinganisa ukuthi ungaphefumula futhi ukhiphe umoya ngokushesha kangakanani nokuthi ungakanani umoya. Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono wokuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani.
- I-Bronchoscopy: Kulolu vivinyo , ithubhu elincane elinekhamera lidluliselwa emlonyeni noma ekhaleni lingene emaphashini ukuze kuhlolwe ingaphakathi lamaphaphu. Isampula encane (i-biopsy) yezicubu zamaphaphu nayo ingathathwa ukuze ihlolwe. Lesi sampula singahlolwa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona yini ama-granuloma.
Ingabe ikhona indlela yokwelapha lesi sifo? Ingabe singalapheka ngokuphelele?
Ngeshwa, akukho "ikhambi" elingalapha ngokuphelele i-berylliosis engapheli (i-CBD). Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa ukunciphisa izimpawu, ukuvimba lesi sifo ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu, futhi kukusize uphile impilo evamile.
Odokotela abaningi banikeza imithi elawula amasosha omzimba kulokhu.
- Ama-Corticosteroids: Izidakamizwa ezifana ne -Prednisone zivame ukusetshenziswa kulokhu. Lezi zisebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala, noma ukuvuvukala, emaphashini.
- Eminye imithi: i-Methotrexate noma i-AzathioprineImithi efana nale isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside. Lokhu futhi kuvimbela ukusebenza kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela futhi kusiza ukulawula lesi sifo.
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Oxygen: Abantu abanenkinga yokuphefumula kungadingeka banikezwe i-oxygen yangaphandle.
- Ukuvuselelwa Kwemiphunga: Lokhu kufana nokwelashwa kwe-physiotherapy yamaphaphu. Kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ikhono lokuphefumula kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila ngokuzivocavoca okukhethekile kanye nokwelulekwa.
Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukufakelwa amaphaphu, kodwa lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo kusenesikhathi bese uqala ukwelashwa okufanele. Uma wenza kanjalo, ungavimbela izinkinga eziningi ezinkulu ezibangelwa yilesi sifo.
Singazivikela kanjani kulesi sifo esiyingozi?
Indlela engcono kakhulu newukuphela kwayo yokuvimbela lesi sifo ukugwema ukuchayeka ku-beryllium . Kulokhu, unesibopho esikhulu, kanye nenhlangano osebenzela yona.
| Izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe ukuze kuvikelwe | |
|---|---|
| Izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe endaweni yokusebenza | |
| Umoya opholile | Qinisekisa ukuthi indawo yokusebenza inomoya omuhle. |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izinsimbi | Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, shintsha i-beryllium ngensimbi ephephile. |
| Ukuhlanza | Ukusebenzisa i-vacuum cleaner ekhethekile ye-HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) emunca izinhlayiya zothuli. |
| Imishini yokuphepha | Ukuhlinzeka abasebenzi ngemishini yokuzivikela efana nama-face mask kanye nemishini yokuphefumula. |
| Izinto ongazenza ukuze uvikele umndeni wakho | |
| Ukushintsha izingubo | Ngaphambi kokungena endaweni yokusebenza, susa izingubo zakho ezivamile bese ugqoka iyunifomu yakho yomsebenzi. |
| Ukungayi ekhaya nezingubo zomsebenzi | Beka izingubo zomsebenzi ebhasikidini lokuwasha elimboziwe endaweni yokusebenza futhi ugweme ukuziletha ekhaya. |
| Ukugeza | Ukugeza nokuhlanza kahle emsebenzini ngaphambi kokuya ekhaya uvela emsebenzini. |
| Ukuhlanza izicathulo | Gwema ukuletha izicathulo zomsebenzi ekhaya noma uzihlanze kahle. |
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Berylliosis yisifo samaphaphu esibangelwa ukuhogela uthuli oluvela ku-beryllium yensimbi.
- Lesi sifo asiveli kubo bonke abantu ababhekene ne-beryllium, kodwa sivele kulabo abazwela kakhulu kuso.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, ukuphelelwa umoya, kanye nokukhathala okukhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka kancane kakhulu.
- Uma usebenza emsebenzini ongakubangela i-beryllium futhi unezimpawu ezingenhla, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Nakuba lesi sifo singelapheki ngokuphelele, ngokutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, lesi sifo singalawulwa futhi impilo enhle ingaphilwa.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imikhuba ephephile emsebenzini nokuvimbela lesi sifo ukuthi singasabalali.
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