⚡ Interactive Clinical Tool
BMI Calculator
Know your body mass index (BMI) and weight classification
Iyini i-asthma ebangelwa ukuvivinya umzimba?
Kalula nje, uma uzivocavoca, okungukuthi, uma uzivocavoca, imigudu yomoya esifubeni sakho (ebizwa nangokuthi imigudu yomoya) iyancishiswa okwesikhashana, okuyilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-Asthma Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca". Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi "i-Bronchoconstriction Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca" noma "i-EIB" . Okwenzekayo ukuthi uma uzivocavoca, imigudu yakho yomoya iba mincane. Yilapho uba nobunzima bokuphefumula, ukhwehlela, isifuba sakho sizwa siqinile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ungenza umsindo wokuphefumula (obizwa nangokuthi "ukuphefumula kanzima" ngokwezokwelapha). Kunezikhathi lapho lezi zimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu . Cabanga ngakho,- Uma umoya ozungezile ubanda kakhulu futhi womile .
- Uma inani lempova endaweni ezungezile liphezulu .
- Uma ukungcola komoya kuphezulu .
Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?
Kuvamile kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga. Phakathi kuka-40% no-90% wabantu abane-asthma babhekana nalezi zimpawu ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuzivocavoca. Kodwa ngokumangazayo, kungenzeka nakubantu abangenayo i-asthma. Cishe u-20% wabantu abavamile (kufaka phakathi abanesifo sofuba nabangebona abanesifo sofuba) babhekana nalezi zimpawu ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca. Ngakho-ke akuwena wedwa, abanye abantu abaningi banale nkinga.Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezibonakala kulesi simo "se-Asthma Esibangelwa Ukuzivocavoca".- Umuzwa wokuqina noma ukuqina esifubeni , njengokungathi othile ucindezela isifuba.
- Ukukhwehlela . Kwabanye abantu, ukukhwehlela kungaba uphawu olulodwa kuphela. Uma ukhwehlela njalo, kungaba ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuzivocavoca, kufanele ukhathazeke.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula (sikubiza nangokuthi 'ukuphelelwa umoya'). Kungase kuzwakale sengathi kunzima ukuphefumula.
Yini ebangela lokhu?
Ukuzivocavoca okunamandla nokuqhubekayo kwe-aerobic kuyimbangela eyinhloko yalesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi i-Exercise-Induced Asthma. Lesi simo singenziwa sibe sibi kakhulu ngokuthi:- Uma umoya ozungezile ubanda futhi womile .
- Uma inani lempova endaweni ezungezile liphezulu.
- Uma ikhwalithi yomoya iphansi ngenxa yokungcola komoya .
- Uma ululama ekuthelelekeni kokuphefumula njengomkhuhlane , ukukhwehlela, noma umkhuhlane .
- Uma uphefumula izinto ezifana nentuthu, amakhemikhali , upende, noma intuthu evela emikhiqizweni yokuhlanza .
Yimiphi imisebenzi ebangelwa kakhulu yilokhu?
Nakuba noma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba ungabangela lezi zimpawu, ngokuvamile ubangelwa umsebenzi womzimba onzima ngaphandle kokuphumula njalo kanye nemidlalo edlalwa ezindaweni ezibandayo . Nazi izibonelo ezimbalwa:- Ibhola lomnqakiswano
- I-ice hockey
- I-ICE Skating
- Ukugijima ibanga elide
- Ukuskiya, i-Snowboarding
- Ibhola lezinyawo
Ubani osengozini enkulu yalokhu?
Abantu abane-asthma kanye ne-allergies banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-bronchoconstriction ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca. Kuvamile futhi kubadlali abasebenza kahle kakhulu , njengabadlali bama-Olympic kanye nabadlali bebhola lezinyawo abangochwepheshe kanye ne-hockey. Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi phakathi kuka-30% no-70% walaba badlali abasezingeni eliphezulu banayoKungenzeka ukuthi ube ne-(I-Asthma Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca).Ukubona kanjani lokhu?
Uma uya kudokotela, uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Okusho ukuthi, usunesikhathi esingakanani unazo, ukuthi sezikhona isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi zivamile nini ngosuku. Uzokubuza nokuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho one-asthma noma ezinye izinkinga zokuphefumula. Udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzobeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho futhi alalele ukuphefumula kwakho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangenza ezinye izivivinyo ezimbalwa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu : Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. Enye yezivivinyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga i-asthma ukuhlolwa kwe-spirometry . Lokhu kuhilela ukufutha umoya kudivayisi encane elinganisa izinto ezifana nomthamo wamaphaphu akho kanye nesivinini sokuphefumula.
- Isivivinyo senselelo yokuzivocavoca : Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi isivivinyo se-bronchoprovocation . Kulesi sivivinyo, ucelwa ukuba ugijime ku-treadmill noma ugibele ibhayisikili elingashukumi. Ngemuva kwalokho, unikezwa isivivinyo se-spirometry ngaphambi nangemva kwesivivinyo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ushintsho ekuphefumuleni kwakho.
- I-X-ray yesifuba : Udokotela wakho angase akucele i-X-ray yesifuba ukuze ahlole ezinye izimbangela zezimpawu zakho.
Kuphathwa kanjani lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kwe-asthma okubangelwa ukuzivocavoca kugxile ekuvimbeleni izimpawu kanye nokuziqeda lapho zenzeka . Ngaphezu kwezinyathelo zokuvimbela, njengokufudumala ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi ezokusiza. Eminye imithi ivula indlela yakho yokuphefumula uma unezimpawu, kanti eminye ivimbela izimpawu ukuba zivele.Imithi yokwelapha i-asthma ebangelwa ukuvivinya umzimba
Udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi oyiphefumulayo nge-inhaler noma i-nebulizer . Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izimpawu futhi kuziqede uma zivela. Nazi ezinye izinhlobo zemithi ephefumulayo ye-asthma ebangelwa ukuvivinya umzimba:- Ama-beta-agonists asebenza isikhathi esifushane (ama-SABA) : Lawa angaphansi kweqembu lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-bronchodilators. Asebenza ngokukhulula imisipha emigudwini yakho yomoya nokuvula imigudu yakho yomoya. Abizwa nangokuthi "ama-rescue inhalers." Angasetshenziswa ukuqeda izimpawu ngesikhathi se-"EIB". Angasetshenziswa futhi ukuvimbela izimpawu ze-asthma ukuthi zingaveli uma zithathwa cishe imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca.
- Ama-beta-agonists asebenza isikhathi eside (ama-LABA) : Lolu olunye uhlobo lwe-bronchodilator. Ngokuvamile anikezwa kanye nama-corticosteroids (awasetshenziswa wodwa ekwelapheni i-asthma). Uma uphefumula le mithi imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwehora ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca, ingasiza ekuvimbeleni isiqephu se-EIB.
- Ama-Corticosteroids : Lawa asebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emigudwini yakho yomoya nokwenza kube lula ukuthi umoya wakho udlule. Udokotela wakho angase akunike lawa maphilisi nsuku zonke ukusiza ukuvimbela izimpawu.
- Iziqinisi zamaseli e-mast : Lezi zisebenza ngokunciphisa ukuvuvukala emigudwini yakho yomoya. Ukuphefumula lo muthi nge-nebulizer cishe imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izimpawu.
Ngingalindela impilo enjani ngalesi simo?
Abantu abaningi baphatha kahle i-asthma yabo ngokuzivocavoca noma i-asthma ebangelwa yimidlalo futhi baphila impilo esebenzayo nenempilo . Nawe ungakwazi, ngokuhlela kahle, ukwelashwa, kanye nokuzivocavoca futhi uhlanganyele emidlalweni ehlukahlukene oyijabulelayo. Ngakho ungakhathazeki kakhulu ngakho.Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa?
Yebo, ungayinciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuba ne-asthma ngokuhlela nokulungiselela. Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba, kufanele:- Vumela isikhathi sokuzifudumeza : Ngaphambi kokuqala noma yikuphi ukuvivinya umzimba, zifudumeze imizuzu engu-6 kuya kwengu-10 . Lokhu kuzifudumeza kungahluka kuye ngeminyaka yakho, impilo yakho, kanye nomdlalo owudlalayo. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi hlobo luni lokuzifudumeza olukufanele.
- Hlola impova kanye nekhwalithi yomoya : Ngaphambi kokuthi uyozivocavoca ngaphandle, hlola inkomba yekhwalithi yomoya. Uma ukungcola kanye namazinga empova ephezulu, kungcono ukuzivocavoca ngaphakathi endlini.
- Mboza umlomo nekhala lakho : Sebenzisa imaski yobuso, isikhafu, noma into efanayo ukuvikela umgudu wakho wokuphefumula emoyeni obandayo nowomile.
- Lawula izimpawu ze-asthma : Uma une-asthma, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala uhlelo lokuzivocavoca ukuze ulawule izimpawu zakho. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho lapho usebenzisa i-inhaler yakho futhi uthatha imithi yakho ye-asthma.
- Tshela abaqeqeshi nothisha : Uma ingane yakho ine-asthma, yazisa othisha nabaqeqeshi ngayo. Abantu abadala kudingeka bazi ukuthi ziyini izimpawu, ukuthi benzeni uma zivela, nokuthi bangasiza kanjani ekunikezeni imithi.
- Qaphela izimpawu.: Hlala uqaphile izimpawu ze-asthma zakho (noma zengane yakho) ezibangelwa ukuzivocavoca. Yiba nohlelo lokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ubona izimpawu ze-"EIB". Khumbula, izimpawu zingavela emizuzwini (noma ngisho namahora) ngemva kokuqeda ukuzivocavoca.
Okubalulekile: Khetha imidlalo yangaphakathi noma imidlalo esezingeni eliphansi uma ungakwazi. Uma imidlalo ibangela i-asthma yakho, kungcono ukhethe eminye imisebenzi kuneminye. Imidlalo yokukhuthazela kanye nemisebenzi ezindaweni ezibandayo ingenza izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi kakhulu. Uma ujabulela imidlalo yasemanzini, kungasiza ukuyenza echibini lamanzi anosawoti elingena-chlorine noma echibini lemvelo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zemidlalo ezingavamile ukubangela lesi simo?
Imidlalo yangaphakathi nemisebenzi engasebenzi kahle, noma ehilela imisebenzi emifushane, cishe ayinakho ukuvusa ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:- I-baseball
- Ukubhowula
- Uthango
- Igalofu
- I-Gymnastics
- I-Pickleball
- Ama-sprint
- Ithenisi
- I-Volleyball
- Ukuhamba ngezinyawo
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginalokhu?
Uma uzwa izimpawu ze-asthma (njengokukhwehlela nokuphelelwa umoya) ngesikhathi noma ngemva nje kokuzivocavoca, ungase ube ne-"Asthma Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca". Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zingafana nezezinye izimo. Ngakho-ke, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okufanele .Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma wena noma ingane yakho ninezimpawu ze-(EIB), khuluma nodokotela. Uma kungenzeka, qaphela okulandelayo bese utshela udokotela :- Ziyini izimpawu zakho?
- Zifika nini uma wenza? (Njalo wenza umsebenzi ofanayo? Ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle?)
- Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani kusukela izimpawu zaqala?
- Ingabe ukwenza noma yini kunciphisa izimpawu? Uma kunjalo, kuyini?
Kufanele ngiye nini egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo (ER)?
Uma wena noma ingane yakho ngokuzumayo ninenkinga enkulu yokuphefumula noma niminza , funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Shayela ku-911 (noma ku-1990 eSri Lanka) noma uye ngqo egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo. Lokhu kufanele kuphathwe njengesimo esiphuthumayo.Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela?
Uma ubona udokotela wakho, kungaba usizo ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:- Yini engingayenza ukuze ngivimbele izimpawu?
- Ngingaqhubeka yini nokuzibandakanya kwezemidlalo noma emisebenzini engiyithandayo?
- Ungayisebenzisa kanjani le mithi?
- Ungangibonisa futhi ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani i-inhaler ?
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