Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi ukuthola kunzima ukuphefumula ngokuzumayo ngenkathi uzivocavoca, ugijima, noma udlala imidlalo? Uzizwa sengathi isifuba sakho siqinile, uzwa ukukhwehlela okungachazeki, noma uzwa umsindo wokushaya kwenhliziyo (ukushaya umoya) esifubeni sakho? Uma lokhu kuzwakala kujwayelekile, kungenzeka ukuthi ubhekene nesimo esixoxa ngaso namuhla. Sicela wazi ukuthi lokhu kuvamile, ngakho zama ukungakhathazeki—silapha ukuzokusiza ukuqonde ngokuningiliziwe.
Iyini i-Asthma Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca?
Kalula nje, i-asthma ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca iwukuncishiswa kwesikhashana kwemigudu yomoya emaphashini akho okwenzeka lapho uzikhandla ngokomzimba. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha baphinde babhekisele kulokhu ngokuthi i-Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB) . Uma ucindezela umzimba wakho, izindlela ezithwala umoya emaphashini akho ziba zincane, yingakho ungase uzwe ukuphefumula okunzima, ukukhwehlela, ukuqina kwesifuba, noma lowo msindo wokuphefumula ojwayelekile.
Lezi zimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu uma:
- Umoya okuzungezile ubanda kakhulu futhi womile .
- Kukhona ukugcwala okukhulu kwempova emoyeni.
- Uzivocavoca ezindaweni ezinomoya ongcolile kakhulu .
Ukuchayeka kulezi zici kuvame ukwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuncipha kwemigudu yakho yokuphefumula.
Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu?
Kuvamile kakhulu kunalokho ongakucabanga. Phakathi kwabantu asebevele bethole i-asthma, ama-40% kuya kuma-90% abhekana nalezi zimpawu ngesikhathi noma ngemva kokuzivocavoca. Okumangazayo ukuthi lokhu kungathinta ngisho nabantu abangenayo i-asthma engapheli. Sekukonke, cishe ama-20% abantu abavamile bangase babe nalezi zimpawu ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca umzimba. Ngokuqinisekile awuwedwa ekubhekaneni nalokhu.
Ziyini izimpawu?
Ake sibheke ukuthi kwenzekani ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sesiqephu se-asthma esibangelwa ukuvivinya umzimba:
- Ukuqina kwesifuba noma ukungakhululeki : Kungase kuzwakale sengathi othile ucindezela isifuba sakho.
- Ukukhwehlela : Kwabanye, ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kuwukuphela kwesibonakaliso. Uma uzibona ukhwehlela njalo ngesikhathi noma ngokushesha ngemva kokuzivocavoca, kufanelekile ukuqapha.
- Ukuphelelwa umoya : Ungase uzizwe sengathi kunzima ukukhipha umoya ngokuphelele noma ukubamba umoya wakho.
Izimpawu zingahluka kusukela kwezincane kuya kwezinzima futhi zingase ziqale imizuzu embalwa uqalile ukuzilolonga noma ngisho nangemva kokuqeda. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kubantu abaningi, lezi zimpawu ziqala ukuncipha ngemva kwemizuzu engaba ngu-30 yokuphumula .
Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, izimpawu zingabuya emahoreni kamuva—ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube amahora angu-12 ngemva kokuzilolonga . Lokhu kungenzeka ngisho nalapho uphumule. Lezi zaziwa ngokuthi “ izimpawu zesigaba sokugcina ,” futhi kungathatha usuku lonke ukuthi zixazululeke ngokuphelele.
Yini ebangela lokhu?
Ukuzivocavoca okunzima nokuqhubekayo kwe-aerobic kuyimbangela eyinhloko yalesi simo. Izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu uma uzivocavoca ngaphansi kwezimo ezilandelayo:
- Umoya ozungezile ubanda futhi womile .
- Kukhona inani elikhulu lempova endaweni ezungezile.
- Ikhwalithi yomoya ayinhle ngenxa yokungcola.
- Uyalulama ekuthelelekeni kokuphefumula njengomkhuhlane , ukukhwehlela, noma umkhuhlane .
- Ubulokhu uphefumula intuthu, intuthu yamakhemikhali , intuthu yopende, noma izinto zokuhlanza ezinamandla .
Cabanga ngomuntu ohamba ayogijima ekuseni kakhulu ekuseni kubanda: uphefumula umoya obandayo nowomile. Njengoba lokhu kufinyelela emaphashini, kubangela ukuthi imigudu yomoya iqine, okuholela ekungakhululeki. Yingakho ukuzivocavoca ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo kuyimbangela evamile.
Yimiphi imisebenzi engase ibangele lokhu?
Nakuba noma yikuphi ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba kungabangela izimpawu, imisebenzi ende ngaphandle kokuphumula kanye nemidlalo yesimo sezulu esibandayo yizona ezibangela kakhulu. Izibonelo zifaka:
- Ibhola lomnqakiswano
- I-ice hockey
- I-ICE Skating
- Ukugijima ibanga elide
- Ukuskiya kanye ne-snowboarding
- Ibhola Lezinyawo
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubhukuda emachibini angaphakathi, afakwe i-chlorine , ukuntywila emanzini, noma ukudlala i-water polo ngezinye izikhathi kungacasula amaphaphu futhi kubangele lezi zimpawu.
Ubani osengozini enkulu kakhulu?
Ngokuvamile, abantu abane -asthma noma i-allergies ekhona bathambekele kakhulu ekucindezelweni kwe-broncho okubangelwa ukuzivocavoca. Ngokuthakazelisayo, kuvamile kakhulu phakathi kwabadlali abaphezulu, njengabagijimi bama-Olimpiki noma abadlali bezemidlalo beqembu lochwepheshe. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ama-30% kuya ku-70% wabadlali abaphezulu bangase babe nezimpawu ze-asthma ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca.
Kutholakala kanjani?
Uma uvakashela udokotela wakho eNirogi Lanka, bazobuza imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nezimpawu zakho: ukuthi zaqala nini, zihlala isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi yini ezibangela. Cishe bazobuza ngomlando womndeni wakho mayelana ne-asthma noma ezinye izimo zokuphefumula. Ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokomzimba lapho udokotela elalela khona amaphaphu akho nenhliziyo, bangase batuse ukuhlolwa okuqondile:
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu : Lokhu kulinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kahle kangakanani. Ukuhlolwa okuvame kakhulu kwe -asthma yi- Spirometry . Uzocelwa ukuthi ushayele idivayisi encane elinganisa umthamo wamaphaphu akho kanye nesivinini sokuhamba komoya.
- Isivivinyo senselelo yokuzivocavoca : Esaziwa nangokuthi isivivinyo se-bronchoprovocation , ungase ucelwe ukuthi ugijime ku-treadmill noma ugibele ibhayisikili elingashukumi ukuze ulingise ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba. Isivivinyo se-spirometry senziwa ngaphambi nangemva kokulinganisa noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuphefumuleni kwakho.
- I-X-ray yesifuba : Udokotela wakho angase akuyalele i -X-ray yesifuba ukuze anqume ezinye izifo noma izinkinga eziyisisekelo ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho.
Kuphathwa kanjani lokhu?
Ukwelashwa kwe -Asthma Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca (i-EIA) kugxile ekuvimbeleni izimpawu ngaphambi kokuba ziqale futhi kuzilawule ngempumelelo lapho zenzeka. Ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokuvimbela njengokwenza ukufudumala okufanele, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi ethile. Eminye yale mithi isebenza ukuvula indlela yakho yokuphefumula uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu, kanti eminye yenzelwe ukuvimbela lezo zimpawu ukuthi zingaveli kwasekuqaleni.
Imithi Ye-Asthma Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca
Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi okufanele uyiphuze nge -inhaler noma i-nebulizer . Lokhu kungavimbela izimpawu futhi kunikeze impumuzo. Imithi evamile yokuphefumula ye-Asthma Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca ihlanganisa:
- Ama-beta-agonists asebenza isikhathi esifushane (ama-SABA) : Lawa angaphansi kwesigaba semithi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-bronchodilators . Asebenza ngokukhulula imisipha ezungeze imigudu yakho yomoya, evula ngempumelelo. Ngokuvamile abizwa ngokuthi “ama-rescue inhalers,” angasetshenziswa ukwelapha izimpawu ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthatha lokhu cishe imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca ngokuvamile kungavimbela izimpawu ukuthi zenzeke ngokuphelele.
- Ama-beta-agonists asebenza isikhathi eside (ama-LABA): Lawa ngolunye uhlobo lwe- bronchodilator . Ngokuvamile anikezwa kanye nama-corticosteroids (awasetshenziswa wodwa ekwelapheni i-asthma). Ukuphefumula lo muthi imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwehora ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca kungasiza ekuvimbeleni i-EIA.
- Ama-Corticosteroids : Lawa anciphisa ukuvuvukala emigudwini yakho yomoya, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumula. Udokotela wakho angase akunike lawa maphilisi ukuze uwasebenzise nsuku zonke ukusiza ukuvimbela izimpawu isikhathi eside.
- Iziqinisi zamaseli e-mast : Lokhu kusiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala emigudwini yakho yomoya. Ukuphefumula lo muthi nge -nebulizer cishe imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca kungaba wusizo olukhulu ekuvimbeleni izimpawu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye iziguli zithola impumuzo ngokusebenzisa ama-leukotriene modifiers kanye nama-antihistamine njengengxenye yohlelo lwazo lokuphatha.
Impilo ibukeka kanjani ngalesi simo?
Abantu abaningi baphatha ngempumelelo i-asthma ebangelwa ukuvivinya umzimba futhi baphila impilo esebenzayo nenempilo . Ngokuhlela okufanele kanye nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqhubekayo, ungahlanganyela ngokugcwele kwezemidlalo nemisebenzi oyijabulelayo. Asikho isidingo sokuzizwa udikibele—iNirogi Lanka ilapha ukuzokusekela ekugcineni ukusebenza kwakho kanye nempilo yakho.
Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa?
Yebo, ngokuhlela nokulungiselela ngokucophelela, uvame ukuvimbela izimpawu. Ngaphambi kokwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba, cabanga ngalezi zinyathelo:
- Beka phambili ukuzifudumeza : Chitha imizuzu eyi-6 kuya kweyi-10 uzifudumeza ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca. Ukuqina nohlobo lokuzifudumeza kufanele kuhambisane neminyaka yakho, izinga lokuqina komzimba, kanye nomdlalo othize. Xhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze wakhe isimiso sokuzifudumeza esikusebenzela kahle kakhulu.
- Hlola ikhwalithi yomoya kanye nenani lempova : Ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca ngaphandle, hlola inkomba yekhwalithi yomoya yendawo. Uma amazinga okungcola noma impova ephezulu, cabanga ngokuthuthela ukuzivocavoca kwakho endlini.
- Vikela umlomo nekhala lakho : Ukusebenzisa imaski yobuso noma isikhafu kungasiza ekuvikeleni izindlela zakho zokuphefumula emoyeni obandayo nowomile.
- Gcina izimpawu zilawulwa : Uma une-asthma engapheli, qiniseka ukuthi iphathwa kahle nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala uhlelo olusha lokuzivocavoca. Njalo landela isimiso sakho sokuphefumula esinqunyiwe kanye nemithi njengoba nje kuqondiswe.
- Yazisa abaqeqeshi nothisha : Uma ingane yakho ine-asthma, qiniseka ukuthi abaqeqeshi nothisha bayo bayazi kahle. Kufanele bazi izimpawu, ukuthi bangasabela kanjani esigamekweni esithile, nokuthi bangasiza kanjani ngemithi uma kudingeka.
- Hlala uqaphile : Qaphela izimpawu ze-asthma ezibangelwa ukuzivocavoca. Yiba nohlelo olucacile lokwenza, ukhumbula ukuthi izimpawu ngezinye izikhathi zingavela imizuzu embalwa—noma ngisho namahora—ngemva kokuqeda ukuzivocavoca.
Okubalulekile: Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, khetha imidlalo yangaphakathi noma leyo enamandla amancane. Imidlalo yokukhuthazela noma imisebenzi eyenziwa ezindaweni ezibandayo ingase ibangele izimpawu. Uma uthanda ukubhukuda, ukukhetha ichibi elingena-chlorine noma ukubhukuda emanzini anosawoti emvelo kungaba lula emigwaqweni yakho yomoya.
Yimiphi imidlalo engabangeli izimpawu eziningi?
Imidlalo edlalwa ngaphakathi endlini noma leyo ehilela imisebenzi emfushane, eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuvamile ayibangeli i-asthma. Izibonelo zifaka:
- I-baseball
- Ukubhowula
- Uthango
- Igalofu
- I-Gymnastics
- I-Pickleball
- Ama-sprint
- Ithenisi
- I-Volleyball
- Ukuhamba ngezinyawo
Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi nginalokhu?
Uma uzwa izimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela noma ukuphefumula ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca noma ngemva nje kokuzivocavoca, ungase ube ne-asthma ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca. Kodwa-ke, lezi zimpawu zingahambisana nezinye izimo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okuqondile .
Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?
Uma wena noma ingane yakho nibhekene nalezi zimpawu, hlela i-aphoyintimenti. Kuwusizo ukugcina irekhodi lalokhu okulandelayo ukuze wabelane nodokotela wakho:
- Yiziphi izimpawu ezithile ozibonayo?
- Kwenzeka nini ? (Ingabe kuhlobene nemisebenzi ethile, noma kubangelwa yizindawo zangaphakathi noma zangaphandle?)
- Izimpawu zihlala isikhathi esingakanani ?
- Ingabe kukhona okuthile okudambisa izimpawu?
Uma unikezwe i-inhaler, qiniseka ukuthi ubonisa udokotela wakho indlela yakho yokwelapha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uyisebenzisa kahle. Ungalokothi unqikaze ukubuza imibuzo mayelana nokulethwa kwemithi yakho.
Kufanele ngifune nini usizo oluphuthumayo?
Uma wena noma ingane yakho nibhekana nobunzima obungazelelwe, obukhulu bokuphefumula noma ukuphefumula kanzima , funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Shayela ku-911 noma uye emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo oseduze nawe ngokushesha. Lokhu kumele kuphathwe njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha.
Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?
Uma uvakashela udokotela wakho, cabanga ngokucela okulandelayo ukuze kukusize uphathe impilo yakho:
- Yiziphi izinyathelo engingazithatha ukuvimbela izimpawu zami ?
- Ngingaqhubeka yini nokuhlanganyela emidlalweni noma emisebenzini engiyithandayo?
- Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokusebenzisa le mithi ?
- Ungangibonisa futhi indlela efanele yokufutha i-inhaler ?
Imicabango yokugcina evela eNirogi Lanka
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumuntu ozivocavocayo ngempelasonto noma ungumsubathi ozinikele, izimpawu ze-asthma zingaphazamisa ngokuzumayo ukuhamba kwakho. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abaphila ne-asthma ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca bayaqhubeka nokuhlala bematasa, bencintisana, futhi bejabulela indlela yokuphila enempilo nenempilo. Ukuthatha izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezilula, ezisheshayo—njengokuzifudumeza kahle ngaphambi kokuba uqale—kungenza umehluko omkhulu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho eNirogi Lanka ngemithi efanele yokugcina izindlela zakho zokuphefumula zivulekile futhi uphefumula kalula. Ngokulungisa izindlela ezimbalwa zokuphila kanye nokuhlela ngokucophelela, ungahlala umatasa futhi uzivocavoce ngokuphephile. Ungadangali; lesi yisimo esilawuleka kalula!
I-asthma Ebangelwa Ukuzivocavoca, i-EIB, ubunzima bokuphefumula, izimpawu ze-asthma, i-inhaler, impilo yokuphefumula, i-asthma yezemidlalo
