Ingabe ingane yakho ine-asthma? Ake sifunde konke mayelana ne-asthma yobuntwana!

Ingabe ingane yakho encane ikhwehlela njalo? Ingabe iyaphefumula ngenkathi idlala? Noma ingabe ivuka ebusuku ithi inenkinga yokuphefumula? Lokhu kungaba izimpawu ze-asthma ezinganeni . Ungakhathazeki , sizoxoxa ngalokhu namuhla. Uma ukuqonda kahle lokhu futhi ulandela imiyalelo kadokotela, ingane yakho ingahlala iphilile.

Kuyini i-asthma yobuntwana?

Kalula nje, i-asthma yisifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona . Sithinta imigudu yakho yomoya, amapayipi athwala umoya ungene futhi uphume emaphashini akho. Kumuntu one-asthma, le migudu yomoya iyavuvukala futhi ibe mincane, okwenza kube nzima ngamaphaphu akho ukuthola umoya owanele.

Cabanga ukuthi uma ucindezela ipayipi lamanzi, kunzima ukuthi amanzi ageleze. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula, futhi ungase uzwe nokukhwehlela, ukukhwehlela, kanye nomuzwa wokuqina esifubeni sakho. Izinto ezithile (esizibiza ngokuthi 'Izibangela') zingabangela ukuthi lezi zimpawu zikhule ngokuzumayo, noma ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma kungenzeka. Lokhu kuhlasela kungafika kancane noma ngokushesha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi empilweni .

Nakuba i-asthma ingaqala kunoma yimuphi ubudala, ivame ukuqala ebuntwaneni, lapho amasosha omzimba engane esakhula. Iningi lezingane ezine-asthma libonisa izimpawu zazo zokuqala lapho zineminyaka emi-5. I-asthma ingavimbela ingane yakho ukuba iye esikoleni futhi ingadinga ngisho nokulaliswa esibhedlela. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nohlelo lokwelapha i-asthma olufanele ukusiza ukulawula isimo sengane yakho.

I-asthma ivame kangakanani ezinganeni ezincane?

Eqinisweni, i-asthma ingenye yezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezivame kakhulu ebuntwaneni. E-United States kuphela, ithinta izingane ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-7.5. Ukusabalala kwalesi sifo phakathi kwezingane kuyanda. Futhi kuyisizathu esikhulu sokuthi kungani izingane zingakwazi ukuya esikoleni nabazali bengakwazi ukuya emsebenzini.

Kungani izingane eziningi ziqala ukuba nesifo sofuba kulezi zinsuku?

Abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kunezizathu eziningana ezenza izingane zibe namathuba amaningi okuthola i-asthma. Ezinye zalezi zizathu zifaka:

• Ukuchayeka njalo ezintweni ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba njengothuli, ukungcola komoya, kanye nentuthu kagwayi.
• Ukungachayeki ngokwanele ezifweni ezithile zasebuntwaneni eziqinisa amasosha omzimba .
• Ukuncipha kokuncelisa . Lokhu kunciphisa ikhono lomntwana lokuthola izakhamzimba ezibalulekile ohlelweni lwakhe lokuzivikela komzimba.

Yiziphi izimpawu zengane encane ene-asthma?

Akuzona zonke izingane ezibonisa izimpawu ezifanayo ze-asthma. Futhi, izimpawu zingahluka kusuka komunye umntwana kuya komunye. Ezinye zezimpawu ezingabonakala ku-asthma yengane yilezi:

• Ukukhwehlela njalo . Lokhu kukhwehlela kungenzeka lapho ingane idlala noma ihleka. Ukukhwehlela ngenkathi ilele ebusuku noma lapho ivuka ekuseni ngezinye izikhathi kungaba uphawu olulodwa kuphela lwe-asthma.
• Ukukhathala ngokushesha kunokujwayelekile ngenkathi udlala.
• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo, uzizwe sengathi uyacinana (Dyspnea) .
• Ingane ithi isifuba sinciphile futhi isifuba "sibuhlungu" .
• Ukuphefumula umsindo wokukhala kwekhwela ozwakalayo lapho uphefumula ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
• Ukuhoxa kwenzeka lapho isifuba esiphakathi kwezimbambo nendawo yentamo sibonakala sengathi singena ngaphakathi . Lokhu kusho ukuthi umntwana uzama kanzima ukuphefumula.
• Ukuzizwa ungenampilo futhi ukhathele .
• Ukucasuka .
• Ubunzima bokuncelisa nokudla (lokhu kungathinta kakhulu izingane ezincane kakhulu).

Uma ingane yakho ivame ukubhekana nesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela ukuze uthole iseluleko.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi i-asthma yakho iyaba yimbi futhi iyisimo esiphuthumayo?

Uma ingane ihlaselwa yi-asthma (Asthma Exacerbation), izimpawu zingaba zimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlasela kungavela kancane noma ngokuzumayo. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yingozi empilweni (Status Asthmaticus). Uma ingane yakho ibonisa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo zokuhlaselwa yi-asthma okukhulu, kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha :

• Ukukhwehlela okukhulu kakhulu .
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphefumula okuya ngokuba kubi ngokushesha .
• Kunzima kakhulu ukuphefumula .
• Ukuphefumula kwandisa izinga ngisho noma umi nje ungashintshi.
• Ubuso bengane, izindebe, kanye/noma izinzipho ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma zibe mhlophe .
• Ubunzima bokukhuluma , ukungakwazi ukuqeda umusho, noma ukungakwazi ukukhuluma nhlobo.

Yini ebangela i-asthma ezinganeni?

Abacwaningi abazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela i-asthma. Kodwa ngokuvamile iqala ebuntwaneni, lapho amasosha omzimba engane esakhula. Kunezici eziningana ezithinta indlela amaphaphu engane akhula ngayo nokuthi umzimba ulwa kahle kangakanani nezifo. Lezi zifaka:

• Ufuzo : Uma othile emndenini, ikakhulukazi umzali, ene-asthma.
• Izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba: Izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ezinganeni, njengothuli, i-dander yezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nentuthu kagwayi.
• Ukutheleleka ngegciwane ebuntwaneni: Ukutheleleka okuthinta uhlelo lokuphefumula, njengomkhuhlane ovamile .

Ingabe i-asthma iyisifo esithathelwanayo?

Cha, i-asthma ayisona isifo esithelelanayo. Ayibangelwa amagciwane, okungukuthi, amagciwane noma amagciwane. Ngakho-ke, ayinakudluliselwa kusuka komunye umuntu iye komunye.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-asthma ebuntwaneni?

Kunezici eziningana eziyingozi ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwe-asthma ebuntwaneni:

• Ukuba ne -allergies .
• Umlando womndeni we -asthma kanye/noma ukungezwani komzimba .
• Izifo zokuphefumula ezivame ukwenzeka ebuntwaneni.
• Ukuzalwa unesisindo esincane .
• Ukuchayeka entuthwini kagwayi ngaphambi nangemva kokuzalwa.
• Ukuba ngumfana (ngokwezibalo, abafana banamathuba amaningi okuthintwa besebancane).
• Ukuba yingxenye yamaqembu athile ezinhlanga (lokhu kungase kungabi nomthelela omkhulu eSri Lanka).
• Ukuhlala endaweni yasemadolobheni enomoya ongcolile kakhulu .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma i-asthma ingaphathwa kahle?

Uma i-asthma ingalawulwa kahle, kungavela izinkinga nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye zazo zifaka:

• Ukuba nokuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya okukhulu .
• Ukuphuthelwa yisikole noma eminye imisebenzi.
• Ukulaliswa esibhedlela njalo kanye/noma ukuvakashelwa ezibhedlela eziphuthumayo .
• Ukulimala okungapheli kwamaphaphu .

Indlela yokuxilonga i-asthma ezinganeni ezincane?

Eqinisweni, kunzima kancane ukuthola i-asthma ezinganeni ezincane, ikakhulukazi izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 ubudala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpawu zingafana nezezinye izifo. Futhi, ezinye izingane azibonisi njalo izimpawu ze-asthma, ngakho-ke zingaphambaniswa nesinye isifo sokuphefumula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu okusetshenziselwa ukuthola i-asthma kungase kungabi okunembile ezinganeni ezincane.

Udokotela wezingane wengane yakho angasithola lesi simo ngemuva kokubukeza umlando wezokwelapha wengane yakho, izimpawu, kanye nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. Udokotela uzokubuza ukuthi ingane yakho ike yaba nenkinga yokuphefumula. Uzobuza nokuthi kukhona yini emndenini wakho one-asthma, i-allergies, noma ezinye izimo zamaphaphu. Qiniseka ukuthi uchaza izimpawu zengane yakho ngokuningiliziwe, okuhlanganisa ukuthi zenzeka nini nokuthi zenzeka kangaki.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi adlulisele ingane yakho kuchwepheshe, njengodokotela wamaphaphu ezingane noma udokotela wezifo zokungezwani komzimba ezinganeni.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola i-asthma?

Uma kungenzeka, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe kaningana ukuze kutholakale isifo sofuba. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu: Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa ukuthi amaphaphu engane yakho angabamba umoya ongakanani nokuthi angawukhipha ngokushesha kangakanani. Imiphumela ingasiza udokotela ukuthi anqume ukuthi i-asthma yengane yakho imbi kangakanani.
• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba okubangelwa ukungezwani komzimba kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi: Lokhu kusiza ekuboneni ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba ezivuselela amasosha omzimba wengane.
• I-X-ray yesifuba: Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa izivivinyo zesithombe ezinjengalezi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi akuyona i-asthma kodwa esinye isimo sezokwelapha.

Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu kuvame ukuba nzima ezinganeni ezincane kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, udokotela angase asikisele ukunikeza ingane imithi ye-asthma ukuze abone ukuthi isabela kanjani.

Indlela yokwelapha i-asthma ezinganeni ezincane?

Uma welapha i-asthma yengane yakho, sebenzisana nodokotela wengane yakho ukuze wakhe "uHlelo Lokusebenza Lwe-Asthma."Kubalulekile ukwakha uhlelo. Lolu hlelo luchaza indlela yokuphatha izimpawu zengane yakho nokuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma. Luhlanganisa okulandelayo:

• Ungayisebenzisa nini futhi kanjani imithi ye-asthma yengane yakho .
• Okufanele ukwenze uma i-asthma yengane yakho iba yimbi kakhulu .
• Kunini lapho ingane idinga khona ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo ?

Qiniseka ukuthi uyaluqonda lolu hlelo, futhi ubuze udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lwe-asthma lubaluleke kakhulu empumelelweni yokuphathwa kwe-asthma yengane yakho. Lugcine luseduze ukuze uzikhumbuze ngohlelo lokuphathwa kwe-asthma lwengane yakho nsuku zonke futhi ube nalo oluseduze lapho ingane yakho inezimpawu ze-asthma. Futhi, nikeza ikhophi yalolu hlelo kubasebenzi besikole sengane yakho kanye nabanye abanakekeli.

Ngaphezu kokulandela uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwe-asthma, nciphisa ukuchayeka kwakho ezintweni ezenza i-asthma yakho ibe yimbi kakhulu (izimbangela ze-asthma) ngangokunokwenzeka (futhi uzigweme ngokuphelele uma kungenzeka). Udokotela wakho angakusiza ngamasu okugwema lezi zimbangela.

Imithi yokwelapha i-asthma yezingane

Imithi enikezwa izingane ezine-asthma iyafana naleyo enikezwa abantu abadala nezingane ezincane, kodwa umthamo kanye nendlela yokuphatha ingase ihluke. Lapho kunikezwa imithi ephefumulayo, kungasetshenziswa idivayisi ehlukile yokulethwa kuye ngobudala kanye nekhono lengane.

Kuye ngokuthi isimo sengane yakho sibucayi kangakanani, kungadingeka ukuthi uphuze imithi kuphela uma kudingeka, noma kungadingeka ukuthi uphuze imithi nsuku zonke. Eminye imithi isiza ekuvimbeleni noma ekunciphiseni izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yi-asthma. Eminye imithi isebenza ukulawula noma ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala emigudwini yomoya yengane yakho.

Imithi yokusiza ngokushesha

Le mithi isiza ukuvimbela noma ukuqeda izimpawu ze-asthma. Uma ingane yakho ine-asthma encane, noma uma i-asthma yayo ivutha kuphela ngokuzilolonga ngokomzimba, le mithi yokusiza ngokushesha inganele. Lolu hlobo lwemithi luza ne-inhaler okufanele ingane yakho ihlale nayo ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Imithi enikeza impumuzo ngokushesha:

• Ama-beta2-agonists asebenza ngokushesha (ama-SABA): Isibonelo, i-albuterol. Lawa avula ngokushesha imigudu yomoya yengane yakho futhi avumele umoya ukuthi ugeleze ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yi-asthma. Aphinde asize ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa okubangelwa umsebenzi womzimba. Nakuba ayevame ukubizwa ngokuthi "umqeqeshi" noma "umfutho," odokotela manje bakhetha ukusebenzisa igama elithi "ukukhululeka okusheshayo." Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi le mithi ingasetshenziswa futhi kufanele isetshenziswe kunoma yiluphi uphawu lwe-asthma, hhayi nje ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma.
• Ama-anticholinergics asebenza ngokushesha: Isibonelo, i-Ipratropium bromide. Lokhu futhi kuyi-bronchodilator evula ngokushesha imigudu yomoya. Ama-anticholinergics angase angasebenzi kahle njenge-SABAs. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ezinye izingane zinemiphumela emibi evela kuma-SABAs, ama-anticholinergics ayindlela enhle.
• `Ama-corticosteroids ahlelekile`:Ama-corticosteroids anganciphisa ukuvuvukala kwemigudu yomoya yengane yakho okubangela izimpawu ze-asthma. Le mithi inganikwa ingane yakho ngomlomo noma njengomjovo. Ingasiza futhi ingane yakho ukuthi ilulame ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlaselwa yi-asthma.

Imithi yokulawula yesikhathi eside

Udokotela wakho angase futhi anikeze ingane yakho imithi yansuku zonke ukusiza ekuvimbeleni ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma nokulawula izimpawu. Le mithi isiza ekuvimbeleni izindlela zokuphefumula zengane yakho ukuthi zinganciphi futhi inciphise ukuvuvukala.

Imithi yokulawula yesikhathi eside:

• Ama-Corticosteroids: Le mithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala enciphisa ukuvuvukala. Nakuba inganikezwa ngomlomo, odokotela bakhetha ukuyinika ngokuyiphefumula. Le mithi inganikezwa njengoketshezi (olusetshenziswa ku-nebulizer), nge-inhaler yesilinganiso somthamo (MDI), noma nge-inhaler yempuphu eyomile (DPI). Uma usebenzisa i-MDI, ingane yakho kumele isebenzise igumbi lokubamba eline-valve, eliyi-spacer.
• Ama-Leukotriene modifiers: Le mithi isiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala emigudwini yomoya yengane yakho futhi iyigcine ivulekile. Udokotela wakho angase akunike lokhu eyedwa noma nge-corticosteroids. Ama-Leukotriene modifiers asebenza ngokunciphisa imiphumela yekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-leukotriene emzimbeni wengane yakho.
• Ama-beta2-agonists asebenza isikhathi eside (ama-LABA): Ama-LABA asiza ekuphumzeni imisipha ezungeze izindlela zomoya zengane yakho futhi ayivimbele ukuthi inciphe. Udokotela wakho uvame ukukunikeza lokhu nge-corticosteroid. I-LABA inganconywa uma izimpawu zansuku zonke zengane yakho zingalawulwa ngomthamo ojwayelekile we-steroid ephefumulwayo. I-LABA kufanele isetshenziswe njalo ne-steroid ephefumulwayo (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe).

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa?

Iningi labantu liyayibekezelela kahle imithi ye-asthma. Odokotela bathi izinzuzo zemithi zidlula kakhulu izingozi. Kodwa-ke, njengayo yonke imithi, kunethuba lokuthi eminye imiphumela emibi ingase ivele. Imithi ye-asthma ingabangela imiphumela emibi efana nalokhu:

• Ukucasuka kwesikhumba noma ukuvuvukala.
• I-thrush yomlomo.
• Ukwanda kwesilinganiso senhliziyo.
• Ukungaphumuli, ukucasuka.
• Ukwanda kwesisindo.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.

Uma ingane yakho ithola imiphumela emibi kakhulu, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho bese ushintsha umthamo noma ushintshe imithi.

Uma ingane yami ine-asthma, yini okufanele ngiyilindele?

I-asthma ayisona isifo esingelapheki ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, izingane eziningi zingasiphatha kahle i-asthma yazo ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye namasu okuvimbela . I-asthma engelashwanga ingabangela izinkinga zesikhathi eside, njengokulimala kwamaphaphu unomphela.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi i-asthma yengane yakho ilawulwa kahle?

Ungazi ukuthi i-asthma yengane yakho ilawulwa kahle uma, ngenkathi ithatha imithi,:

• Uma uphila impilo esebenzayo nejwayelekile .
• Uma kunezimpawu ezimbalwa kakhulu ezikhathazayo.
• Uma ungaphuthelwa yisikole ngenxa yezimpawu.
• Uma ungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke ngaphandle kobunzima .
• Ngaphandle kokuthi kube nokuvakashelwa okuphuthumayo kudokotela wezingane, egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo, noma esibhedlela.
• Uma umuthi unemiphumela emibi embalwa, noma ungenayo nhlobo .

Ingabe i-asthma yobuntwana iyaphela njengoba ukhula?

Uma izindlela zomoya zomuntu seziba bucayi, lokho kuzwela kuhlala impilo yakhe yonke. Cishe ingxenye yezingane ezine-asthma, izimpawu ziyancipha kakhulu ngesikhathi zifika ebusheni. Ngakho-ke, zingase zibonakale sengathi sezikhulile kune-asthma yazo yobuntwana.

Kodwa-ke, i-asthma yasebuntwaneni ingabuya. Cishe ingxenye yezingane ezibonakala sengathi seziphelile i-asthma yazo zizophinde zibuye izimpawu ze-asthma lapho sezineminyaka engu-30 noma engu-40. Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela yokubikezela ukuthi obani abazophela izimpawu zabo besebancane nokuthi obani abazobuya kamuva ekuphileni.

Ingabe i-asthma yobuntwana ingavinjelwa?

I-asthma yobuntwana ayinakuvinjelwa ngoba imbangela eqondile yalesi sifo ayaziwa. Futhi, i-asthma ingakhula ngoba amasosha omzimba wengane yakho asakhula.

Ngingayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yengane yami yokuba nesifo sofuba?

Nakuba i-asthma yezingane ingenakuvinjelwa, kunezinto eziningana ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yengane yakho yokuba nayo:

• Gcina ikhaya lakho lingenasikhunta nomswakama .
• Gwema ukungcola komoya ngangokunokwenzeka.
• Siza ingane yakho ukuthi ilondoloze isisindo esinempilo .

Ingane yami kufanele ibone nini udokotela?

Uma ingane yakho inezimpawu ze-asthma kanye nanoma yiziphi zalezi zici eziyingozi, kufanele ubone udokotela:

• Uma uke walaliswa esibhedlela ngenxa yesifo sofuba phakathi nonyaka odlule.
• Uma uke waba nokuhlaselwa yi-asthma okusongela impilo ngaphambilini.
• Uma usanda kudingeke uthathe ama-corticosteroids omlomo ukuze welaphe i-asthma.
• Uma usebenzisa imithi engaphezu kweyodwa ye-'SABA', lokho kuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga.
• Uma unenkinga yempilo yengqondo noma inkinga yokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa .
• Uma une -allergy yokudla .

Yini okufanele uyenze uma ingane yakho ihlaselwa yi-asthma?

Uma ingane yakho ikhombisa izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yi-asthma:

1. Nikeza ingane yakho uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-asthma njengomuthi oqeda ngokushesha .

2. Linda imizuzu eyi-15 . Uma izimpawu ziphela, ingane kufanele ikwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini ebiwenza.

3. Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka, landela uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-asthma ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okwengeziwe .

4. Uma isimo sengane yakho singathuthuki, noma uma ungaqiniseki ukuthi wenzeni, shayela udokotela wengane yakho .

Kufanele ngiyise nini ingane yami eYunithi Yokwelashwa Okuphuthumayo (i-ETU) ?

Uma ingane yakho ikhombisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu zokuxwayisa zokuhlaselwa yi-asthma, kufanele ushayele u-911 noma uyise ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze:

• Uma kukhona umsindo onzima wokushaya ikhwela (ukushaya umoya) .
• Uma ukhwehlela kakhulu .
• Uma unenkinga yokuhamba kanye/noma ukukhuluma .
• Uma isikhumba, izindebe kanye/noma izinzipho ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka .

Okokugcina, okufanele ukukhumbule

Ngakho-ke, ukuqaphela i-asthma yengane yakho kuyisinyathelo esikhulu ekuyilawuleni. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole futhi ugweme izinto ezibangela lesi sifo, usebenzise imithi ngendlela efanele, futhi ufunde ukuthi ungayinikeza kanjani ngendlela efanele. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, ingane yakho ingaphila impilo evamile nenempilo ngaphandle kwezimpawu ze-asthma. Sonke sikufisela wena nengane yakho amandla okuqhubeka nalolu hambo!