Uma silindele ukuba ngumama noma ubaba, isifiso sethu esikhulu ukuletha umntwana onempilo nonempilo kuleli zwe. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngokungalindelekile, izingane zingazalwa zinezinkinga ezithile zempilo lapho zizalwa. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "iziphambeko zokuzalwa". Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile lapho sizwa leli gama. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lesi yisimo esivame kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe nangomuzwa wokuzola.
Kalula nje, yiziphi lezi zinkinga zokubeletha?
Ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kuyizinguquko ezingavamile ezenzeka ekukhuleni komzimba womntwana ngesikhathi esesesibelethweni, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lezi zinguquko zingathinta noma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba womntwana. Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bangazibona lezi ngesikhathi sokuskena ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ezinye zingatholakala ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Ezinye izinkinga zokuzalwa zingase zingabonakali kithi kuze kube yilapho umntwana esekhulile kancane. Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuzona zonke izinkinga zokuzalwa ezibonakalayo ngaphandle.
Lezi zimo zingathinta impilo yengane ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene. Ezinye zingabangela izinguquko ezincane kuphela ekubukekeni kwengane, kanti ezinye zingathinta indlela ingane ecabanga, enyakaza ngayo, futhi eyenza ngayo imisebenzi yansuku zonke.
Yiziphi izinkinga zokubeletha ezivame kakhulu?
Kunezinkinga eziningana ezivamile zokubeletha ezibonakala emhlabeni wonke. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini.
| Igama Lesimo | Incazelo Elula |
|---|---|
| Izindebe Ezicwebezelayo kanye/noma Ulimi Olucwebezelayo | Udebe olungaphezulu noma ulwanga olungaphezulu lwengane aluxhumene kahle. Lokhu kungalungiswa ngokuhlinzwa okulula. |
| Izimo Zenhliziyo Zokuzalwa | Ingane izalwa inoshintsho lwesakhiwo (isimo) enhliziyweni yayo. Ezinye zincane, kanti ezinye zidinga ukwelashwa. |
| I-Down Syndrome | Lesi yisimo sofuzo, esibangelwa ukuba nekhophi eyengeziwe ye-chromosome 21 emzimbeni. |
| Izinyawo zeClubfoot | Unyawo noma izinyawo zombili zengane zigobile ngaphakathi. Kukhona futhi ukwelashwa ngokomzimba kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha lokhu. |
| I-Sickle Cell Anemia | I-anemia yisimo esibangelwa ushintsho esimweni samaseli abomvu egazi. Lokhu futhi kuyinto evela ezizakhini zofuzo. |
Ingabe kulungile ukusebenzisa igama elithi "Ukukhubazeka Kokuzalwa"?
Yebo, leli yigama elifanele ngokwezokwelapha. Akukho okubi ngokusebenzisa leli gama ukuchaza ushintsho ekukhuleni komzimba wengane. Kodwa kukhona into eyodwa ebalulekile okufanele siyikhumbule njalo.
Ungalokothi ubize umuntu onalesi simo ngokuthi “unesici.” Ukwehluka kwabo ngokomzimba akuchazi ukuthi bangobani. Sonke kufanele sihloniphane.
Uma uzizwa ungakhululekile ukusebenzisa igama elithi "inkinga yokuzalwa," ungasebenzisa futhi igama elithi "isimo sokuzalwa."
Yiziphi izimpawu zalolu hlobo lwesimo?
Izimpawu zenkinga yokuzalwa zingaba zincane kakhulu kuya kwezinzima kakhulu.
| Izindlela zokuqaphela izimpawu zenkinga yokuzalwa | |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu ezingabonakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa | |
| Kusukela ekuhlolweni kwegazi | Amazinga amaprotheni athile egazini likamama aphansi noma aphezulu kunalokho obekulindelekile. |
| Ukuskena nge-ultrasound | Uketshezi olwengeziwe luqoqana ngemuva kwentamo yombungu. |
| I-echocardiogram yengane esanda kuzalwa | Ukuba khona kwezinye izimo ezingavamile ngesimo sezitho zangaphakathi, njengenhliziyo, embungwini. |
| Izimpawu ezingabonakala ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana | |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Isigqi senhliziyo esingajwayelekile. |
| Ukuphefumula | Ubunzima bokuphefumula wedwa. |
| Ukuphendula | Abaphenduli lapho kubizwa igama labo noma bezwa umsindo omkhulu, abalandeli into ngamehlo abo. |
| Isiphuzo sobisi | Ubunzima bokuphuza ubisi. |
| Ukubukeka | Ukuba nokubukeka okungavamile ekhanda, ebusweni, emehlweni, ezindlebeni, noma emlonyeni. |
| Ukukhula | Ukwehluleka ukufinyelela izigaba zokukhula ezifanele iminyaka (isib., ukungaphenduki intamo, ukungagingqiki). |
Lolu hlu aluphelele. Uma ubona noma yini engavamile noma esolisayo ngengane yakho, khuluma nodokotela wengane yakho ngokushesha .
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?
Lona umbuzo okhathaza abazali abaningi. Bayazibuza, "Kungani lokhu kwenzeke enganeni yethu?" Eqinisweni, kunzima ukukhomba isizathu esisodwa kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba nenhlanganisela yezizathu eziningana.
Kodwa okudingeka sikwazi ukuthi u-70% wazo zonke izinkinga zokubeletha ezaziwayo azinambangela ecacile neqondile . Iningi lazo zenzeka ngokungahleliwe. Lokho kusho ukuthi akulona iphutha lomuntu.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zezimbangela eziye zatholakala:
1. Izici zofuzo
Kalula nje, uhlelo lwendlela imizimba yethu okufanele ikhule ngayo luqukethwe kuma-genes nama-chromosome ethu. Noma yiziphi izinguquko kulolu hlelo zingathinta ukukhula kwengane.
- Ukwanda kwenani lama-chromosome: Isibonelo `(Down syndrome)`.
- Inani elinciphile lama-chromosome: Isibonelo `(i-Turner syndrome)`.
- Izingxenye zama-chromosome ziyalahleka noma zinamathele kwezinye izindawo.
2. Eminye imithi ethathwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Eminye imithi ingathinta ingane esakhula esibelethweni. Ngakho-ke, uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, noma usuvele ukhulelwe, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi noma amavithamini owaphuzayo. Ungayeki noma uqale noma yimiphi imithi emisha ngaphandle kokubuza udokotela wakho kuqala.
3. Ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali noma izidakamizwa ezithile
- Ukuphuza utshwala
- Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi noma ezinye izidakamizwa
- Ukuchayeka ezibulala-zinambuzane ezithile noma ezibulala ukhula
4. Ezinye izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ngezinye izikhathi, ukutheleleka kumama (isib. i-Toxoplasmosis, i-Cytomegalovirus), noma ukwehla kwamazinga oketshezi esibelethweni kungathinta ukukhula komntwana.
Odokotela bazixilonga kanjani lezi zimo?
Inkinga yokubeletha ingatholakala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngokushesha ngemva kokubeletha, noma kamuva. Kusetshenziswa izivivinyo ezahlukene kulokhu.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa: Izinto zokuqala ozozenza ukuskena nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi 'ukuhlolwa kokuhlola'. Uma lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kukhona ingozi, udokotela wakho angase ancome ezinye izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Isibonelo, izinto ezifana ne-"Amniocentesis" (ukuhlola isampula yoketshezi esibelethweni) noma i-"Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)" (ukuhlola ingxenye encane ye-placenta).
- Ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane: Uma udokotela ehlola ingane futhi ebona noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka, angenza ezinye izivivinyo (isib. ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuhlolwa kwe-echo, ama-X-ray) ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
Wenzani njengokwelashwa?
Izinketho zokwelapha zincike ohlotsheni kanye nobunzima bezinkinga zokubeletha umntwana anazo. Ukwelashwa akufani kuzo zonke izimo.
Izindlela zokwelapha ezivame ukusetshenziswa yilezi:
- Ukuhlinzwa:Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze kulungiswe isici somzimba (isib., ulwelwesi oluqhekekile, imbobo enhliziyweni).
- Imithi: Imithi inikezwa ukulawula izimpawu noma ukuphatha lesi simo.
- Ukwelashwa Komzimba: Kusiza ukuqinisa imisipha yengane nokuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwayo.
- Amadivayisi okusiza: Izinsiza zokuzwa zezinkinga zokuzwa, izihlalo zabakhubazekile zobunzima bokuhamba.
- Ukusekelwa Kwemfundo Ekhethekile: Ukunikeza ukwesekwa esikoleni okufanela izidingo zokufunda zengane.
Khumbula, akukho 'ikhambi' lezinkinga eziningi zokubeletha. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa okufanele kanye nokuphathwa kungasiza ingane ukuba iphile impilo enhle neyanelisayo.
Ingabe zikhona izindlela zokuvimbela izinkinga zokubeletha?
Lona futhi umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Iqiniso liwukuthi, izinkinga eziningi zokubeletha azinakuvinjelwa , ngoba asazi ukuthi zibangelwa yini ngempela.
Kodwa-ke, ukukhulelwa okunempilo kunganciphisa ezinye zezingozi.
- Bona udokotela wakho njalo.
- Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, thatha i-vitamin equkethe ama- 400 mcg e-folic acid nsuku zonke.
- Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha nje uma usola ukuthi ukhulelwe.
- Gwema utshwala nogwayi ngokuphelele.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi noma izithasiselo ozithathayo.
Isikhathi sokuthola iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha (isikhathi sokuya ku-ETU)
Uma ingane yakho ikhombisa uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalezi ezilandelayo, yiyise eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Isikhumba siphenduka sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, siphuzi, noma simpunga
- Ukuphuzi kwamehlo noma isikhumba okumhlophe
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okuhamba kancane ngendlela engavamile
- Ubunzima bokuvusa ingane
- Ukwenqaba ngokuphelele iziphuzo zobisi
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izinkinga zokubeletha zivame kakhulu kunalokho esikucabangayo. Esikhathini esiningi, zenzeka ngengozi, ngakho akulona iphutha labazali.
- Ezinye izingozi zingancishiswa ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo (ukuthatha i-folic acid, ukugwema utshwala) ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi imithi oyiphuzayo ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
- Ngokubona lesi sifo kusenesikhathi futhi uqale ukwelashwa nokuphathwa okufanele, ingane inganikezwa impilo enhle.
- Ngisho noma ingane inenkinga yokubeletha, uthando lwakho, ukunakekelwa kwakho, kanye nokusekelwa kwakho yizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ingane engazithola.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho