Kukhona okungahambi kahle ngombiko wakho wegazi, futhi ingabe uzizwe wesaba kancane lapho udokotela ethi udinga ukwenza 'ukuhlolwa komnkantsha' ukuze uthole imbangela eqondile? Nakuba amagama athi "umnkantsha" engase azwakale njengokuhlinzwa okukhulu, empeleni lokhu akuyona into okufanele uyesabe. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ukuze kutholakale ulwazi oluqondile mayelana nezifo ezihlobene negazi. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngendlela elula namuhla, ngendlela ezosusa konke ukungabaza engqondweni yakho.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, uyini umongo wamathambo?
Kalula nje, umongo wethambo uyizicubu ezithambile, ezithambile ngaphakathi kwamathambo amakhulu omzimba wethu. Kufana nefektri yethu yegazi. Kulapha lapho umzimba wakho ukhiqiza khona zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zamangqamuzana: amangqamuzana abomvu egazi (athwala umoya-mpilo), amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (asivikela ezifweni), kanye nama-platelet (asiza ukugoba kwegazi).
Ngakho-ke uma kukhona okungajwayelekile egazini, okungukuthi, uma lezi zinhlobo zamaseli zincipha, zanda, noma uma kwakheka amaseli angajwayelekile, indawo engcono yokuthola imbangela ukuhlola le "fektri".
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-aspiration kanye ne-biopsy?
Cishe usuke wezwa womabili la magama. Womabili ayizindlela zokuhlola umongo wamathambo.
- Ukufutha kwe -Bone Marrow: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa isampula encane yengxenye ewuketshezi yomongo wethambo kusetshenziswa inaliti engenalutho.
- Ukuhlolwa Kwe-Bone Marrow: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye encane yezicubu eziqinile, ezithambile emnkantsheni wethambo.
Ngokuvamile, odokotela benza zombili lezi zivivinyo ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze bathole isithombe esiphelele ngesimo sesiguli.
Kungani ucelwa ukuthi ubhale lesi sivivinyo?
Cabanga ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho (i-Full Blood Count) kubonisa inani eliphansi noma eliphakeme kakhulu lamaseli abomvu, amaseli amhlophe, noma ama-platelet. Udokotela wakho angase akuncome lokhu kuhlolwa ukuze athole ukuthi yini ngempela ebangela lokhu.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi umnkantsha uphilile yini futhi ukhiqiza inani elidingekayo lamaseli egazi.
Ithebula elingezansi libala ezinye zezimo ezingatholakala ngalesi sivivinyo.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-anemia | Ukwehla kwenani lamaseli abomvu egazi emzimbeni. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuthola ukuthi imbangela iyinkinga ngomnkantsha. |
| I-Leukemia | Uhlobo lomdlavuza wegazi. Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwamaseli amhlophe egazi angajwayelekile. |
| I-Lymphoma | Umdlavuza owenzeka ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic. Ukuze kubonakale ukuthi ususakazekele yini emnkantsheni wamathambo. |
| I-Myelodysplastic syndrome | Ukungakwazi komnkantsha ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi anempilo. |
| I-Hemochromatosis | Insimbi eningi emzimbeni. |
| Ukusabalala komdlavuza (i-Metastasis) | Ukuhlola ukuthi umdlavuza ovela kwenye indawo ususakazekele emathanjeni noma emnkantsheni. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukubona ukuthi umongo wethambo usabela kanjani ekwelashweni ngesikhathi sokwelashwa komdlavuza, kanye nokuhlola impilo yomnkantsha wethambo ngaphambi nangemva kokuthile okufana nokufakelwa umongo wethambo.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokuhlolwa?
Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa ngudokotela wezifo zomdlavuza, udokotela wezifo zegazi, noma othile oqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile ngakho.
Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa
Ezimweni eziningi, ungadla futhi uphuze ngendlela evamile ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi namavithamini owathathayo. Uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuyithatha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa
Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyinqubo emfushane, cishe imizuzu eyi-10-20.
1. Indawo: Isampula yomnkantsha ivame ukuthathwa ethanjeni lakho le-pelvic. Okusho ukuthi, endaweni emhlane wakho, ngaphansi nje kwesinqe sakho.
2. Ukulungiselela: Uzobekwa etafuleni lokuhlolwa, kungaba ngesisu noma ngohlangothi.
3. Ukuba ndikindiki: Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu, udokotela uzofaka umuthi oqeda izinzwa endaweni lapho inaliti ifakwe khona. Ngakho uzozwa ukuhlatshwa okuncane kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase unikezwe umuthi wokudambisa ukuze uphumule kancane. Khona-ke, noma ngabe uphapheme, uzokhululeka kakhulu.
4. Ukuthatha isampula: Okulandelayo, kufakwa inaliti ekhethekile engenalutho esikhumbeni iye ethanjeni lesinqe. Isirinji ibe isinamathiselwa enalitini bese kukhishwa inani elincane loketshezi lomnkantsha. Kuleli qophelo, ungase uzizwe umuzwa wokudonsa okuncane, okungase kuthathe imizuzwana embalwa.
5. Ukuqeda: Ngemva kokuthathwa kwesampula, inaliti iyasuswa bese kufakwa ibhandishi elihlanzekile endaweni.
Okufanele ukulindele ngemva kokuhlolwa
Ungaya ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo nokuhlolwa. Kodwa-ke, uma unikezwe umuthi wokudambisa ubuhlungu, kuzodingeka ulinde isikhashana ukuze imiphumela yomuthi iphele. Ngokuqinisekile uzodinga umuntu ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya.
Kujwayelekile ukuzwa ubuhlungu endaweni yokubhoboza izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlolwa. Lobuhlungu bungase buzwakale uma ugoba phambili noma umile. Kuvamile futhi ukuthi indawo ezungeze indawo yokubhoboza ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njengokulimaza okuncane.
Kufanele ugcine indawo yebhandishi ihlanzekile futhi yomile okungenani amahora angama-24 kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekuyala ukuba wenze kanjalo.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi? Futhi kufanele ngishayele udokotela nini?
Lokhu ngokuvamile kuwukuhlolwa okuphephile kakhulu , kodwa kunezingozi ezithile ezingavela kaningi.
- Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nomuthi wokubulala izinzwa.
- Ukopha ngokweqile okuvela endaweni yokubhoboza.
- Ukutheleleka.
Lezi azivamile kakhulu, kodwa uma unezinye zezimpawu ezingezansi ngemva kokuhlolwa, kufanele ushayele udokotela wakho ucingo ngokushesha.
| Izimpawu zesixwayiso okufanele uziqaphele | |
|---|---|
| Imfiva | Ukushisa komzimba okwenyukayo. |
| Okuthile okuphuma endaweni yokubhoboza | Ukuphuma kobomvu noma olunye uketshezi. |
| Ukopha okukhulu | Uma ibhandishi limanzi futhi liphuma igazi. |
| Ukuvuvukala nokubomvu | Uma ukuvuvukala nokubomvu okuzungeze inxeba kuyanda. |
| Ubuhlungu obukhulu | Uma ubuhlungu bukhula usuku nosuku. |
Ekugcineni, imiphumela yalolu vivinyo ayiyona "emihle" noma "emibi," okusho ukuthi "emihle" noma "emibi." Isampula ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope elabhorethri, bese kutholakala umbiko onemininingwane, okuhlanganisa izinhlobo zamaseli, usayizi wawo, ukuma kwawo, ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini amaseli angajwayelekile, nokuthi ngabe kukhona yini izimpawu zokutheleleka. Ngokusekelwe kulowo mbiko, udokotela wakho uzochaza izinyathelo ezilandelayo kanye nokwelashwa okudingayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukufuthwa komnkantsha akuyona inqubo enkulu. Kuyisivivinyo esibalulekile sokuthola imbangela yezinkinga zegazi.
- Uma wenza lokhu , indawo izophela amandla ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu. Ngakho ungesabi.
- Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Kuvamile ukuba nobuhlungu kanye nokuklwebheka izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlolwa.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukopha ngokweqile, noma ukuvuvukala , yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho.
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