Mhlawumbe udokotela wakho uqaphele into engavamile emiphumeleni yakho yokuhlolwa kwegazi futhi ukutshelile ukuthi wenze i-bone marrow biopsy. Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ukhathazekile uma uzwa leli gama. "Ubani ongeke esabe uma ethi bathatha ucezu lwethambo?" ungase ucabange. Kodwa uma usukwazi kahle ukuthi kuyini lokhu, kungani kwenziwa, nokuthi kwenziwa kanjani, uzozizwa ukhululekile kakhulu. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula nangendlela ongayiqonda.
Okokuqala, ake sibone, uyini umongo wamathambo?
Uma sithi "umnkantsha," abanye abantu bacabanga ngento ethile ebuchosheni. Kodwa akunjalo. Kalula nje, umnkantsha uyizicubu ezithambile, ezithambile ngaphakathi kwamathambo amakhulu emzimbeni wethu, njengethambo lesinqe isibonelo. Njengomuthi ongaphakathi kwesiqu somuthi, umnkantsha ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu ubizwa ngokuthi umnkantsha.
Le ngxenye yomnkantsha iyindawo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza igazi emizimbeni yethu . Zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli egazi abalulekile emizimbeni yethu zikhiqizwa lapha.
- Amangqamuzana egazi abomvu: Lawa amangqamuzana athwala umoya-mpilo usuka emaphashini uye kuwo wonke umzimba lapho siphefumula. Lawa maseli abalulekile kithi ukuze sihlale sinamandla futhi senze imisebenzi ngempumelelo.
- Amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi: Njengebutho ezweni lakithi, lawa maseli asivikela ezifweni ngokulwa namagciwane nezinto eziphilayo ezibangela izifo ezingena emzimbeni.
- Ama-Platelet: Uma unesilonda esincane bese uqala ukopha, la ma-platelet ayayeka ukopha ngemva kwesikhashana. Ahlangana ndawonye ukuze akhe ihlule legazi futhi avale inxeba.
Ngakho-ke, kukhona enye ingxenye yomnkantsha wethambo, okuyingxenye ewuketshezi. Le ngxenye ewuketshezi iqukethe amaseli okuqala, okungukuthi, amaseli egazi asanda kwakheka. Ku-Bone Marrow Biopsy, kuthathwa ingxenye eyinhloko yezicubu, efana nesiponji. Ukuhlolwa okusetshenziselwa ukuthatha leyo ngxenye ewuketshezi kubizwa ngokuthi i-Bone Marrow Aspiration . Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho uzokwenza zombili lezi zivivinyo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Kungani udokotela angancoma lolu vivinyo?
Cabanga nje, uma usola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngenjini yemoto, okwenziwa umakhenika ukuvula ibhonethi bese ehlola injini kahle. Ngendlela efanayo, uma umbiko wegazi ubonisa ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngegazi lethu, udokotela kudingeka angene shí efektri yegazi, okungukuthi, umnkantsha, ukuze abone ukuthi inkinga yangempela iyini.
Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ngezizathu ezintathu:
- Thola noma uqinisekise isifo: Uma ukuhlolwa kwegazi lakho kubonisa inani eliphansi noma eliphakeme kakhulu lamaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, noma ama-platelet, lokhu kuhlolwa kungasiza ekutholeni imbangela. Lokhu kubalulekile ekuxilongeni izifo ezithile ezihlobene negazi, umdlavuza, kanye nemfiva engachazeki.
- Thola isigaba somdlavuza:Uma umuntu etholakale enomdlavuza, isigaba somdlavuza sinqunywa ukuze kutholakale ukuthi ususakazeke kangakanani emzimbeni. Lokhu kuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke yini emnkantsheni wethambo.
- Ukubona ukuthi umzimba usabela kanjani ekwelashweni: Odokotela basebenzisa lolu vivinyo ukuze babone ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyaphumelela yini nokuthi umnkantsha uqala yini ukukhiqiza amangqamuzana egazi aphilile futhi, ikakhulukazi kumuntu othola ukwelashwa kwezifo ezifana nomdlavuza.
Yiziphi izifo ezingatholakala ngalesi sivivinyo?
Ukuhlolwa komnkantsha kungabona izimo eziningi lapho inani lamaseli egazi liphansi noma liphezulu ngokungavamile. Kubalulekile futhi ekuxilongweni komdlavuza othinta igazi noma umnkantsha.
| Isimo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-anemia | Ukuntuleka kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi anele ukuthwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. |
| I-anemia ye-Aplastic | Umnkantsha awukwazi ukukhiqiza okwanele kwazo zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zamaseli egazi (obomvu, omhlophe, nama-platelet). |
| I-Leukopenia kanye ne -Leukocytosis | Ukwehla noma ukwanda kwenani lamaseli amhlophe egazi. |
| I-Thrombocytopenia kanye ne -Thrombocytosis | Ukwehla noma ukwanda kwenani lama-platelet. |
| I-Leukemia | Umdlavuza wamaseli egazi, ikakhulukazi amaseli amhlophe egazi. |
| I-Lymphoma | Umdlavuza owenzeka ohlelweni lwe-lymphatic. Lokhu kungathinta namaseli egazi. |
| I-myeloma eminingi | Umdlavuza othinta amangqamuzana e-plasma, uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi. |
| Umdlavuza wesibili | Umdlavuza owaqala kwenye indawo, njengebele noma amaphaphu, usakazekela emnkantsheni. |
Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa?
Lokhu akuyona indlela enkulu yokuhlinzwa, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokulungiselela kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
- Uma unikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ukuze uphumule ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ungase ucelwe ukuba uzile ukudla (ungadli noma uphuze) amahora ambalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
- Uma unikezwa umuthi onjalo, ngeke ukwazi ukushayela ngemva kokuhlolwa, ngakho hlela ukuthi othile akuyise ekhaya kusenesikhathi .
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukutshela udokotela wakho konke ngawe.
Qiniseka ukuthi uxoxa ngalezi zinto nodokotela wakho:
* Uma unesifo sokopha (isib. i-hemophilia) .
* Sitshele nganoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo, ikakhulukazi uma uthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi (isib., imithi yokunciphisa igazi , i-aspirin).
* Mayelana nanoma yimaphi amavithamini kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo.
* Noma yikuphi ukungezwani nemithi ongase ube nakho.
* Sitshele futhi uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?
Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo. Yonke inqubo ithatha cishe imizuzu engama-30 . Usuphapheme, kodwa indawo ehlolwayo ayisebenzi kahle (i-anesthesia yendawo), ngakho ngeke uzwe ubuhlungu obukhulu.
Nazi izinyathelo ezivame ukwenzeka:
1. Okokuqala, uzogqokiswa ingubo yesibhedlela. Ngemuva kwalokho, uzolaliswa embhedeni. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ngemuva kwethambo lesinqe (`i-posterior iliac crest`), ngakho-ke uzophendulwa esiswini sakho noma ohlangothini bese ulaliswa phansi.
2. Okulandelayo, udokotela noma umhlengikazi oqeqeshiwe uzohlanza kahle indawo ezohlolwa ngesisombululo sokubulala amagciwane. Ngemuva kwalokho , kuzosetshenziswa inaliti encane kakhulu ukufaka umuthi wokubulala amagciwane ngaphansi kwesikhumba uze ufike ebusweni bethambo.
3. Ngemva kokuba uzizwe ungaphilile kahle, udokotela uzokwenza ukusika okuncane esikhumbeni sakho bese efaka inaliti ekhethekile ethanjeni. Okokuqala, kufakwa isirinji bese kususwa inani elincane loketshezi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-bone marrow aspiration .
4. Bese kufakwa enye inaliti enesikhala ngaphakathi bese kuthathwa ingxenye encane, eyindilinga yezicubu ezithambile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-core biopsy .
5. Ngemva kokuthatha isampula, inaliti iyasuswa, kufakwa ingcindezi isikhashana ukuze kumiswe ukopha, bese kufakwa iplasta noma ibhandishi.
Isampula ethathiwe ithunyelwa elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe.
Ingabe lokhu kubuhlungu kakhulu?
Lona ngumbuzo omkhulu kunayo yonke engqondweni yawo wonke umuntu. Masibe neqiniso. Ngenxa yokungazweli, awuzizwa isikhumba sinqunywa noma inaliti ifakwa esikhumbeni.
Kodwa-ke, uma ingxenye ewuketshezi (i-aspiration) idonswa ngesirinji, ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obukhulu imizuzwana embalwa . Futhi, lapho kuthathwa ingxenye yezicubu eziqinile (i-biopsy), ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu obuqinile noma obudonsayo ngoba ithambo alikwazi ukuvaleka. Lokhu akuwona ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, kodwa kukhona ukungakhululeki.
Uma ukhathazekile ngobuhlungu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Angakunika imithi yokukusiza uphumule futhi unciphise ubuhlungu.
Wenzani ngemva kokuhlolwa?
Ungaya ekhaya ngalolo suku. Uma unikezwe imithi yokukuthulisa, othile kufanele akuyise ekhaya ngemoto. Landela lezi zinyathelo ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya.
- Kungase kube nobuhlungu usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili endaweni yokuhlolwa. Thatha umuthi wokuqeda izinhlungu njengoba udokotela emyalile.
- Gwema imisebenzi enzima njengokuzivocavoca umzimba nokuphakamisa izinsimbi okungenani amahora angama-24 .
- Gcina indawo yenxeba ingangeni manzi amahora angama-24 . Lokhu kusho ukumboza indawo lapho ugeza.
Imiphumela emibi (izingozi) nokuthi kufanele ukhulume nini nodokotela wakho
Izinkinga ezinkulu ngemva kwalokhu kuhlolwa azivamile . Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nokopha ngokweqile noma ukutheleleka, kodwa lokhu kuvame ukulawuleka.
Kodwa-ke, uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo,Shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
| Uma unalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. | |
|---|---|
| 🩸 | Ukopha ngokweqile noma olunye uketshezi oluvela endaweni yokuhlolwa. |
| isithonjana_esivuvukile | Ukuvuvukala endaweni yokuhlolwa. |
| 🔴 | Ubomvu (ikakhulukazi uma ubomvu bubonakala busakazeka). |
| 🌡️ | Umkhuhlane noma ubuhlungu obuba bubi kakhulu esikhundleni sokuba ngcono . |
Kwenzekani ngemva kombiko?
Udokotela wezifo , udokotela ogxile ekuhlolweni kwezicubu, uhlola isampula yakho yomnkantsha ngaphansi kwe-microscope bese elungiselela umbiko.
Udokotela wakho uzobe esebukeza umbiko bese ekuchazela ngamagama alula. Imiphumela izonquma ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngokulandelayo. Bangase baqinisekise ukuxilongwa, ba-ode ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, noma baqale ukwelashwa noma bashintshe ukwelashwa okuthathayo njengamanje.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda kahle ukuthi umbiko uthini nokuthi uthinta kanjani impilo yakho ngokulalela udokotela wakho. Unganqikazi ukubuza noma yimiphi imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Bone Marrow Biopsy iyisivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu nesivamile esisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga izifo ezihlobene negazi kanye nomnkantsha.
- Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma uzwa leli gama. Kodwa uma usufundile ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani, ukwesaba okusenhliziyweni yakho kuyanyamalala kakhulu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokufaka izinzwa endaweni, ngakho-ke abukho ubuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, kodwa ungase uzizwe ungakhululekile.
- Amathuba okuba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu ngenxa yalokhu kuhlolwa aphansi kakhulu.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlolwa. Uzokwazi ukukusiza.
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