Ingabe ingqondo yakho ayikho endaweni efanayo? Ingabe kunzima ukulawula imizwa yakho? Ake sixoxe nge-Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa sengathi awukwazi ukulawula imizwa yakho, futhi izinto zifika ngokushesha kangaka? Noma ingabe uyamazi umuntu onemizwa eshintsha ngokuzumayo kangangokuthi ivame ukuphazamisa ubudlelwano bakhe nabanye? Mhlawumbe imbangela eyinhloko yale mizwa yisimo sengqondo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) .

Kuyini lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-borderline personality disorder (BPD)?

Kalula nje, i-borderline personality disorder (BPD) yisimo sempilo yengqondo esibonakala ngokushintshashintsha okukhulu kwemizwelo , ukungazinzi ebudlelwaneni bomuntu nomuntu , kanye nokungasheshi .

Abantu abane-BPD banokwesaba okukhulu kokushiywa . Banobunzima futhi bokulawula imizwa yabo, ikakhulukazi intukuthelo. Bangase futhi benze ngokuphamazela, ngezinye izikhathi ngendlela eyingozi (isibonelo, ukushayela ngokunganaki, besongela ukuzilimaza) . Zonke lezi zenzo zingenza kube nzima ngabo ukugcina ubuhlobo obuhle nabanye.

Isifo sobuntu obusemngceleni uhlobo lokuphazamiseka kobuntu olubizwa ngokuthi ``Cluster B``. Lesi sifo sobuntu esibizwa ngokuthi ``Cluster B``` sibonakala ngephethini yokuziphatha ephawulekayo, evame ukuba yinqaba. Izifo zobuntu ziyizindlela zokuziphatha ezingapheli, ezingasebenzi kahle eziphazamisa ukusebenza kwansuku zonke . Lokhu kuziphatha kunzima ukukushintsha, kutholakala yonke indawo, futhi kungaholela ezinkingeni zomphakathi kanye nokucindezeleka kwengqondo.

Ngokuvamile, abantu abane-BPD abazi ukuthi banalesi simo, futhi abaqapheli ukuthi bangaziphethe futhi baxhumane nabanye ngendlela enempilo.

Ingabe lezi zimo ezimbili zibizwa ngokuthi i-BPD kanye ne-bipolar disorder?

Yebo, kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Nakuba isifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-bipolar disorder siphinde sihilele izinguquko ezinkulu esimweni sengqondo nasekuziphatheni, sihlukile kwi-BPD.

Ku-BPD, isimo sengqondo nokuziphatha kungashintsha ngokushesha nangokuzumayo lapho ubhekene nokucindezeleka okukhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho usebenzelana nabanye . Ku-bipolar disorder, isimo sengqondo sihlala isikhathi eside , futhi asiphenduli ngokushesha ezenzakalweni zangaphandle. Abantu abanesifo se-bipolar disorder banokushintshashintsha okukhulu kwamandla nomsebenzi, okuhlukile kubantu abane-BPD.

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo?

Ukuphazamiseka okuningi kobuntu kuqala eminyakeni yobusha, lapho ubuntu bakho busakhula futhi bukhula.Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi abatholakale benesifo sobuntu obungenamingcele baneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-18.

Nakuba noma ubani angaba ne-BPD, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nayo uma othile emndenini wakho ene-BPD (umlando womndeni we-BPD) . Le ngozi iphakeme nakubantu abanezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo, njengokukhathazeka , ukucindezeleka, noma izinkinga zokudla .

Cishe abantu abangu-75% abatholakale bene-BPD ngabesifazane , kodwa ucwaningo luphakamisa ukuthi nabesilisa bangathinteka yilesi simo. Kodwa-ke, bangase bahlonzwe kabi njengabane -Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) noma ukucindezeleka.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Isifo sobuntu obungenamingcele siyinto engavamile . Cishe u-1.4% wabantu abadala e-United States bane-BPD.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-borderline personality disorder (BPD)?

Izimpawu ze-BPD zivame ukuvela eminyakeni yakho yokukhula noma ekuqaleni kokukhula . Lezi zimpawu zingabangelwa noma zibe zimbi kakhulu yisenzakalo esibuhlungu noma isipiliyoni esicindezelayo.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zimpawu zivame ukuncipha futhi zingase ziphele nya.

Izimpawu zingahluka kusukela kokulawuleka kuye kokubi kakhulu. Ungase ubone noma iyiphi inhlanganisela yalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ukwesaba ukulahlwa: Kuvamile ukuthi abantu abane-BPD bazizwe bengakhululekile ukuba bodwa. Uma bezizwa belahliwe noma benganakwa, bangazizwa besaba kakhulu noma benentukuthelo. Bangase bafune abathandekayo babo futhi bazame ukubavimba ukuba bangahambi. Noma, bangase baxoshe othile ngaphambi kokuba basondele kakhulu, besaba ukwenqatshwa. Cabanga ngomngane ocasukayo lapho uphuza ukuphendula umlayezo bese ethi, "Ungishiyile."
• Ubudlelwano obuqinile nobungazinzi: Abantu abane-BPD banenkinga yokugcina ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu obunempilo ngoba bangashintsha ngokuzumayo nangokuphawulekayo indlela abacabanga ngayo ngabanye. Bangase baphathe umuntu njengonkulunkulu ngesinye isikhathi bese bemphatha njengongelutho ngesinye isikhathi. Lokhu kungaba ngenye indlela. Ubungane babo, imishado, kanye nobudlelwano nomndeni kuvame ukuba nesiphithiphithi futhi kungazinzile.
• Ukuzibona komuntu siqu noma umuzwa wakhe:Abantu abane-BPD bavame ukuba nombono ophambene nongacacile ngabo. Bavame ukuzizwa benecala futhi benamahloni, futhi bazibona “njengababi.” Bangase bashintshe ngokuzumayo umbono wabo ngokuphawulekayo, bashintshe imigomo yabo, imibono yabo, imisebenzi, kanye nabangane babo. Bangase futhi baphazamise intuthuko yabo. Isibonelo, bangase basebenzele “ukwehluleka” izivivinyo, ukonakalisa ubudlelwano, noma baxoshwe emisebenzini yabo.
• Ukushintsha kwemizwa okusheshayo: Abantu abane-BPD bangase babe noshintsho olusheshayo endleleni abazizwa ngayo ngabanye, bona kanye nomhlaba obazungezile. Imizwa engenangqondo efana nentukuthelo, ukwesaba, ukukhathazeka, inzondo, ukudabuka, nothando ingashintsha ngokushesha nangokuzumayo. Lezi zinguquko zivame ukuhlala amahora ambalwa kuphela, akuvamile ukuba ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ukuziphatha okuphoqelekile nokuyingozi: Ukushayela ngokuphoqelekile, ukulwa, ukugembula, ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa, ukudla ngokweqile, kanye/noma ukwenza ucansi olungaphephile kuvamile kubantu abane-BPD.
• Ukuzilimaza okuphindaphindiwe noma ukuziphatha kokuzibulala: Abantu abane-BPD bangazisika, bazishise, noma bazilimaze , noma basongele ngokwenza kanjalo. Bangase babe nemicabango yokuzibulala. Lokhu kuziphatha kokuzilimaza kuvame ukwenzeka lapho othile emlahla, ezizwa elahliwe, noma edunyazwe yikho ngumnakekeli noma othandekayo.
• Imizwa eqhubekayo yokungabi nalutho: Abantu abaningi abane-BPD bazizwa bedabukile, benesithukuthezi, benganelisekile, futhi "bengenalutho." Imizwa yokungazithandi nokuzizonda nayo ivamile.
• Izinkinga zokulawula intukuthelo: Abantu abane-BPD banenkinga yokulawula intukuthelo yabo, futhi bathukuthela kakhulu. Bangase baveze intukuthelo yabo ngamahlaya aqatha, amazwi aqatha, noma ukuklabalasa nokuthuka njalo. Ngemva kwalezi zikhathi, bangase bazizwe benamahloni futhi benecala.
• Imicabango yesikhashana yokuphambana: Ngezinye izikhathi ungase ube neziqephu zokuhlukana , imicabango yokuphambana, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ungase ubone noma uzwe izinto ezingekho (ukubhula). Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka uma ungaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu, ikakhulukazi uma wesaba ukushiywa. Lezi zimpawu zingezesikhashana futhi ngokuvamile azibi kakhulu ngokwanele ukuthi zingabhekwa njengesifo esihlukile.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu one-borderline personality disorder onazo zonke lezi zimpawu. Ubukhali bezimpawu, ukuthi zivela kangaki, nokuthi zihlala isikhathi esingakanani kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu.

Yiziphi izizathu zalokhu?

Odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi inhlanganisela yezici inegalelo ekuthuthukisweni kwe-BPD. Eziyinhloko yilezi:

• Ukuhlukunyezwa kanye nokuhlukumezeka ebuntwaneni: Cishe abantu abangu-70% abane-BPD bake babhekana nokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi, ngokomzwelo, noma ngokomzimba beseyizingane. Ukuhlukana nomama, ubudlelwano obubi nomama, imingcele engafanele emndenini, kanye nomlutha wezidakamizwa wabazali nakho kuhlotshaniswa ne-BPD.
• Izakhi zofuzo: Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukuphazamiseka kobuntu obungenamingcele kungena emindenini. Uma othile emndenini wakho ene-BPD, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ube nayo, kodwa akusona isiqinisekiso sokuthi uzoba nayo.
• Izinguquko zobuchopho: Izingxenye zobuchopho ezilawula imizwa nokuziphatha kubantu abane-BPD azikhulumisani kahle. Lezi zinkinga zithinta indlela ubuchopho babo obusebenza ngayo.

Uyibona kanjani le nkinga?

Ngenxa yokuthi ubuntu buyaqhubeka nokwakheka ngesikhathi sobuntwana kanye nokuthomba, odokotela ngokuvamile abamxilongi umuntu onesifo sobuntu obungazelelwe ngaphambi kokuba abe neminyaka engu-18. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile ukuthi umuntu ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-18 atholakale ene-BPD uma izimpawu zakhe zinzima kakhulu futhi esekhona okungenani unyaka.

Isifo sobuntu obungenamingcele, okuhlanganisa nezinye izifo zobuntu, kungaba nzima ukusithola ngoba abantu abaningi abanesifo sobuntu abazi ngokuziphatha nezindlela zokucabanga ezikhathaza abanye.

Ngisho noma befuna usizo, akungenxa yokuphazamiseka kobuntu ngokwako. Kunalokho, bafuna usizo ezimweni ezinjengokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka okubangelwa izinkinga ezihlobene nokuphazamiseka kobuntu babo (isib. isehlukaniso, ukulahlekelwa ubudlelwano).

Uchwepheshe wezempilo yengqondo onelayisensi – udokotela wezifo zengqondo , isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo , noma isisebenzi sezenhlalo sezokwelapha – angakwazi ukuxilonga i-BPD. Basebenzisa izindlela zokuhlola i-BPD ku-American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) .

Ukuze benze lokhu, ba:

• Kuqhutshwa ingxoxo ephelele bese kuxoxwa ngezimpawu.
• Umlando wezokwelapha womuntu siqu kanye nomlando wezokwelapha womndeni uyabuzwa, ikakhulukazi mayelana nezimo zempilo yengqondo.
• Ukubuza ngemisebenzi yangaphambilini.
• Bayabuza ukuthi bangakwazi yini ukulawula imicabango yabo engazelelwe.

Ochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo bavame ukukhuluma nomndeni nabangane bomuntu ukuze bathole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nokuziphatha kwakhe nomlando wakhe.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ngokomlando, ukwelapha i-BPD kube yinselele. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa okusha okusekelwe ebufakazini, abantu abaningi abane-BPD baye babhekana nokuncipha kwezimpawu, ukwehla kobukhali, ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe, kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila ethuthukisiwe.

Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kudinga isikhathi, isineke, kanye nokuzinikela.Ukwelashwa kungafaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwengqondo (ukwelashwa ngokukhuluma), imithi, noma kokubili.

Uma ucindezeleke kakhulu noma usengozini yokuzilimaza wena noma abanye, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi ulaliswe esibhedlela isikhathi esifushane. Ngesikhathi uhlala esibhedlela, udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelashwa.

Abantu abane-borderline personality disorder bavame ukuba nezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo:

• Izinkinga zemizwa (phakathi kuka-80% no-96% wabantu abane-BPD)
• Izinkinga zokukhathazeka (88%)
• Inkinga yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa (64%)
• Izinkinga zokudla (53%)
• Isifo sokungakwazi ukunaka/sokungasebenzi kahle (ADHD) (phakathi kuka-10% no-30%)
• Isifo se-Bipolar (15%)
• Izinkinga ze-Somatoform (10%)

Uma benesinye isimo esifana nalesi, kudingeka bathole ukwelashwa naso.

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kwe-BPD

Ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuyindlela eyinhloko yokwelapha i-BPD. Umgomo wokwelashwa ukukusiza ukuthi ubone izisusa nokwesaba okubangelwa imicabango nokuziphatha kwakho, kanye nokukusiza ufunde ukuxhumana nabanye ngezindlela ezinhle kakhulu.

Kunezindlela eziningana zokwelapha ezingasiza nge-BPD:

• Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokukhuluma (i-DBT): Lolu hlobo lokwelapha lwenzelwe ngqo abantu abane-BPD. I-DBT igxile ekukusizeni wamukele iqiniso lempilo yakho kanye nokuziphatha kwakho, nokufunda ukushintsha impilo yakho, okuhlanganisa nokuziphatha okungasizi. Ifundisa amakhono okukusiza ukuphatha imizwa enamandla, ukunciphisa ukuziphatha okuzilimazayo, kanye nokuthuthukisa ubudlelwano.
• Ukwelashwa Kokuziphatha Kokuqonda (i-CBT): Lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ehlelekile neqondiwe. Udokotela wakho wezifo zengqondo noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uzokusiza ukuthi ubheke imicabango nemizwa yakho. Uzofunda ukuthi imicabango yakho ithinta kanjani izenzo zakho. Nge-CBT, ungafunda ukuyeka imicabango nemikhuba emibi futhi uthuthukise amaphethini nemikhuba yokucabanga enempilo.
• Ukwelashwa ngamaqembu: Lolu uhlobo lokwelashwa kwengqondo. Kulokhu, iqembu labantu liyahlangana, lichaze futhi lixoxe ngezinkinga zalo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kochwepheshe bezokwelapha noma isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo. Ukwelashwa ngamaqembu kungasiza abantu abane-BPD ukuthi basebenzisane nabanye ngendlela eyakhayo futhi baveze imizwa yabo ngempumelelo.

Imithi ye-BPD

Ngenxa yokuthi izinzuzo zemithi yokwelapha i-borderline personality disorder azicaci, odokotela abavamile ukunikeza imithi njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko kwe-BPD.

Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, udokotela wezifo zengqondo angakunikeza imithi yokwelapha izimpawu ezithile noma ezinye izimo zempilo yengqondo ezihambisanayo. Imithi ingasiza ekwelapheni ukukhathazeka nokucindezeleka, ukuphatha ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo, noma ukulawula ukuziphatha okungenangqondo. Imithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo/i-Neuroleptic isiza abanye abantu abane-BPD.

Iyini inhloso yalesi simo? (Isibikezelo)

Ezimweni eziningi, izimpawu ze-BPD ziyathuthuka kancane kancane njengoba abantu bekhula. Izimpawu zabanye abantu ziyaphela lapho sebeneminyaka engu-40. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi abane-BPD bafunda ukulawula izimpawu zabo nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwabo.

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa – noma uma ukwelashwa kwehluleka – abantu abane-borderline personality disorder basengozini enkulu yalokhu:

• Inkinga yokusebenzisa izidakamizwa kanye nenkinga yokusebenzisa utshwala.
• Ukucindezeleka.
• Ukuzilimaza.
• Ukuzibulala.

Ingozi yokuzibulala phakathi kwabantu abane-BPD iphakeme ngokuphindwe ka-40 kuneyomphakathi jikelele. Phakathi kuka-8% no-10% wabantu abane-BPD bafa ngokuzibulala.

Abantu abaningi abane-BPD engalashwanga banobudlelwano bomuntu siqu obungazinzile nobungenazimpikiswano, futhi banenkinga yokugcina umsebenzi. Basengozini enkulu yesehlukaniso, ukuhlukaniswa nomndeni, kanye nokuwohloka kobungane. Izinkinga zomthetho nezezezimali nazo zivamile.

Ingabe lesi simo singavinjelwa?

Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ukuphazamiseka kobuntu obungaqondile.

I-BPD ivame ukwenzeka emindenini, okusho ukuthi uma othile emndenini wakho ene-BPD, usengozini enkulu yokuba nayo. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi angazibona kanjani izimpawu zalesi sifo ukuze uthole ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ungamsiza kanjani umuntu one-BPD?

Uma wazi umuntu ophila ne-borderline personality disorder, nazi ezinye izindlela ongamsiza ngazo:

• Zinike isikhathi sokufunda nge-BPD ukuze uqonde ukuthi othandekayo wakho ubhekene nani.
• Khuthaza othandekayo wakho ukuthi afune ukwelashwa kwe-BPD. Uma uyisihlobo, buza ngokwelashwa komndeni.
• Nikeza ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo, ukuqonda, kanye nesineke. Ushintsho lungaba nzima futhi lubesabise kubantu abane-BPD. Kodwa-ke, ngokwelashwa, izimpawu zabo zingathuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Uma uzizwa ucindezelekile noma unezimpawu zesimo sempilo yengqondo njengokukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka, cabanga ngokufuna ukwelashwa. Khetha omunye umuntu ngaphandle komuntu omthandayo onguchwepheshe wakho wezokwelapha.

Ukuzilimaza kanye nokuziphatha kokuzibulala kuphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abane-BPD kunakubantu bonke.

Abantu abane-BPD abacabanga ngokuzilimaza noma ukuzama ukuzibulala badinga usizo ngokushesha.

Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ebhekene nokucindezeleka okusheshayo noma ecabanga ngokuzilimaza, shayela u-1926 (ucingo oluphuthumayo lokuvimbela ukuzibulala lwaseSri Lanka).

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-borderline personality disorder (BPD) iyisimo sempilo yengqondo impilo yonke. Kodwa-ke, ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kwesikhathi eside, njengemithi kanye nokwelashwa ngokukhuluma, kungakusiza ukuphatha izimpawu zakho. Kubalulekile ukuhlangana nethimba lakho lezempilo njalo ukuze ubuyekeze uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa kanye nezimpawu. Yazi ukuthi odokotela bakho nabathandekayo bakho bakhona ukukusekela.

Amalungu omndeni kanye nezihlobo zabantu abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kobuntu obuthile bavame ukubhekana nokucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka, ukudabuka, kanye nesizungu. Kubalulekile ukunakekela impilo yakho yengqondo nokufuna usizo uma ubhekene nalezi zimpawu.

I- BPD, Isifo Sobuntu Esisemngceleni, Impilo Yengqondo, Izinkinga Zobuntu, Ukulawulwa Kwemizwa, Izinkinga Zobudlelwano, Izinkinga Zokuziphatha