Sonke sizwile ngokudla okunobuthi, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi siyagula ngenxa yokudla ukudla okusemathinini noma ukudla okungaphekiwe kahle. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi lezi zinto zingabangela isimo esiyingozi kakhulu, ngisho nesisongela ukuphila? Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esingavamile, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu okufanele sisiqaphele. Leso yi-botulism.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-botulism?
I-Botulism iyisifo esibi kakhulu, kodwa esingavamile kakhulu. Sibangelwa igciwane elibizwa ngokuthi 'i-Clostridium botulinum' . Leli gciwane likhiqiza ubuthi obunamandla kakhulu, okungukuthi , ubuthi . Lobu buthi buhlasela isimiso sezinzwa somzimba wethu. Lobu buthi busebenza sengathi 'bunqamula' 'uhlelo lokuxhuma' emzimbeni wethu. Ngenxa yalokho, imisipha yethu iqala ukulahlekelwa amandla, okungukuthi, ukukhubazeka. Uma ingelashwa ngesikhathi, lokhu kungaba yingozi.
Ngokuvamile sikhuluma ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-botulism:
1. I-botulism etholakala ekudleni: Lena yindlela evame kakhulu. Lesi simo senzeka uma udla ukudla okungcoliswe yi-bacterium `Clostridium botulinum`. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu ekudleni okusemathinini ekhaya okungakahlanzwa kahle.
2. I-Wound botulism: Lolu hlobo lwenzeka lapho leli gciwane lingena enxebeni emzimbeni wakho bese liqala ukukhiqiza ubuthi ngaphakathi enxebeni.
3. I-botulism yezinsana: Lolu uhlobo lwe-botulism oluthinta izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa ubudala. Uma ingane idla okuthile okuqukethe ama-spores aleli gciwane, njengoju, ama-spores angakhula abe ama-bacteria emathunjini omntwana futhi akhiqize ubuthi.
Ngaphandle kwalezi, kunezinye izinhlobo eziningana, kodwa azivamile kakhulu.
Yiziphi izimpawu zalesi simo esiyingozi?
Izimpawu ze-botulism zingahluka kancane kuye ngokuthi ubuthi bungene kanjani emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, lezi yizimpawu ezihlobene nesimiso sezinzwa, ngakho-ke kufanele uziqaphele.
Izimpawu ze-botulism etholakala ekudleni
Izimpawu zingaqala ngokushesha ngemva kwamahora ambalwa ukudla ukudla okungcolile, noma ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube semavikini amabili.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lezi zimpawu zisakazeka kusukela phezulu kuya phansi komzimba. Futhi zithinta izinhlangothi zombili zomzimba ngokulinganayo. Kodwa akukho kungezwani komzimba, ubuthakathaka bemisipha kuphela.
Ake siqonde lezi zimpawu ngokucacile kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Izimpawu zesigaba sokuqala | Izinto ezinjengobuhlungu besisu, isicanucanu noma ukuhlanza, kanye nokuqunjelwa. |
| Umbono ofiphele/umbono ophindwe kabili | Ubuthakathaka emisipheni yamehlo bungabangela iso ukuthi libone izinto ezimbili ezifanayo. |
| Ijwabu leso eligobile (i-Ptosis) | Imisipha elawula amajwabu amehlo ibuthakathaka, futhi amehlo azama ukuvala, njengokungathi alele. |
| Ubunzima bokukhuluma (i-Dysarthria) | Ngenxa yokuthi imisipha yolimi nomlomo ibuthakathaka, amagama ayaphela futhi akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma kahle. |
| Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-Dysphagia) | Imisipha yomphimbo ebuthakathaka yenza kube nzima ukugwinya ngisho nenani elincane lamathe. |
| Ubuthakathaka bemisipha yobuso | Ubuso abukwazi ukukhombisa noma yimiphi imizwa, buhlala bufana. |
| Uma isifo siba sibi kakhulu | |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) | Lolu uphawu oluyingozi kakhulu. Imisipha esifubeni nasesiswini ekusiza ukuphefumula ilahlekelwa ukusebenza kwayo. |
| Ukuqunjelwa | Umsebenzi wamathumbu uyama futhi indle ayikwazi ukukhishwa. |
| Ubuthakathaka obukhulu emilenzeni | Imisipha ezingalweni nasemilenzeni iba buthakathaka, okwenza kube nzima ukuhamba noma ngisho nokuphakamisa ingalo. |
Umehluko ku-botulism ethwala amanxeba
Lokhu kufaka phakathi nezimpawu zezinzwa ezishiwo ngenhla, kodwa kukhona umehluko omncane.
- Ekuqaleni, akukho ukuphazamiseka kwesisu ngoba ubuthi bukhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwesilonda, hhayi endleleni yokugaya ukudla.
- Umkhuhlane ungase uvele. Umkhuhlane ungase uvele ngenxa yokutheleleka esilondeni.
- Izimpawu zithatha isikhathi eside ukuvela, ngokuvamile isonto elilodwa kuya kwamathathu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: I-Botulism iyisifo esingavamile kakhulu. Kodwa uma wena noma ingane oyinakekelayo inesinye salezi zimpawu, siphathe njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Yiya egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (ETU) ngokushesha. Ungalibali.
La magciwane angena kanjani emizimbeni yethu?
Ama-spores ebhaktheriya i-Clostridium botulinum atholakala enhlabathini emhlabeni wonke. Lawa ma-spores ayakwazi ukumelana nezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Kodwa uma ethola indawo enhle, a:
- Indawo enomphunga omncane noma engenawo umoya-mpilo (njengangaphakathi kwethini noma ebhodleleni)
- Indawo ene-asidi ephansi
- Indawo enoshukela noma usawoti omncane
- Uma igcinwe ezingeni lokushisa elishisa kakhulu kunezinga lokushisa elichaziwe
...Lezi zinhlamvu ziphenduka amagciwane futhi, zikhule, bese ziqala ukukhiqiza lobo buthi obuyingozi.
Ukudla Okutholakala Emabhodleleni: Le ngozi ikhona uma ama-pickle, ama-jam, nama-sauce asekhaya kungahlanzwa kahle futhi kuphekwe ngomfutho ezingeni lokushisa elifanele. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezinye izikhathi ngokudla okusemathinini okuthengwa esitolo. Uma ithini libonakala livuvukele noma livuvukele, kungaba uphawu lokusebenza kwamagciwane.
Amanxeba: Noma yiliphi inxeba lingangenisa lawa ma-bacterial spores, atholakala enhlabathini. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abafaka izidakamizwa. Ingavela futhi ngokulimala okuvela ezingozini ezinkulu, njengezilonda zokudutshulwa.
Izinsana: Njengoba isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela emathunjini ezinsana ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa singakakhuli ngokugcwele, uma ama-spores ento efana noju engena emzimbeni, azoqala ukukhiqiza ubuthi emathunjini. Yingakho kuthiwa izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa akufanele zinikezwe uju.
Lesi sifo sitholakala futhi selashwa kanjani?
Uma uya esibhedlela, udokotela uzolalela ngokucophelela izimpawu zakho. Uzokubuza imibuzo ngalokho okudlile muva nje, njengokuthi ngabe udle noma yini ekheniwe. Uzobe esehlola umzimba wakho bese enza ukuhlolwa kwezinzwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwelebhu kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa lesi sifo. Indle yakho, igazi, noma ukuhlanza kuzohlolwa ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona yini ubuthi obukhona.
Udokotela wakho angase futhi acele ukuhlolwa okufana ne-CT scan noma i-MRI scan ukuze akhiphe ezinye izimo ezinezimpawu ezifana ne-botulism, njenge-stroke, i-meningitis, kanye ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Izindlela zokwelapha
Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelapha i-botulism ukuqeda ngokushesha ubuthi emzimbeni nokuyeka imiphumela yabo esongela ukuphila.
- I-antitoxin ye-botulinum: Lona umuthi oyinhloko. Ufana nomuthi wokwelapha ubuthi. Ubamba futhi uqede ubuthi obukhululekile emzimbeni.
- Ukusekela ukuphefumula: Uma imisipha yokuphefumula yehluleka, isiguli asikwazi ukuphefumula sodwa. Ngaleso sikhathi, sixhunywe emshinini wokuphefumula (i-ventilator) ukuze sisindise impilo yaso.
- Ukwelashwa kwenxeba: Uma lesi simo sibangelwa inxeba, inxeba lizohlanzwa kahle ngokuhlinzwa, futhi kuzonikezwa ama-antibiotic ukuze kubulawe noma yimaphi amagciwane asele, kuyilapho kuzonikezwa ama-antivenom.
- Ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwezinsana: Ukwelashwa okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi i-botulinum immune globulin (baby BIG) kunikezwa izingane ezincane.
Ukululama kungathatha izinyanga eziningana, futhi phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kuzodingeka ube ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela abangochwepheshe kanye nabasebenzi abahlengikazi egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile esibhedlela.
Asikwazi yini ukuzivikela kulokhu?
Yebo kungenzeka! I-Botulism iyisimo esingavinjelwa kakhulu. Kufanele siqaphele kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngokudla.
| Indlela yokuvimbela | Okufanele ngikwenze |
|---|---|
| Ukuphepha kokudla | |
| Isitoreji sokudla | Faka ukudla okuphekiwe efrijini zingakapheli amahora amabili. Ukukushiya ngaphandle kungabangela ukukhula kwezinhlamvu zamagciwane. |
| Ukupheka kahle | Amabhaktheriya angabulawa ngokushisa emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kwama-degree Celsius ayi-100 (100°C) imizuzu eyi-10. |
| Ukudla okusemathinini | Lahla amathini avuvukele noma avuvukele ngaphakathi. Uma enuka kabi uma evuliwe, ungalokothi uwadle. |
| Ukugcina ukudla ekhaya | Uma ufaka ukudla emathinini noma ufaka emabhodleleni ekhaya, landela izindlela ezifanele zokubulala amagciwane. Ukusebenzisa isitofu sokucindezela, ukuphekela ku-121 degrees Celsius (250°F) imizuzu engama-30 kungcono kakhulu. |
| Ukuvikelwa ekulimaleni | |
| Ukunakekelwa kwenxeba | Geza noma yiliphi inxeba kahle ngensipho bese uligcina lihlanzekile. Uma inxeba lingapholi phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa bese liqala ukubola, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. |
| Okunye | Gwema ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ngokungemthetho. Uma uthola imijovo ye-Botulinum toxin ngezinjongo zobuhle, yenzeke kuphela ngudokotela onelayisensi nofanelekile. |
Nakuba i-botulism kuyinto okufanele siyesabe, singaphepha kakhulu ngokuqaphela ngayo nangokuqaphela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lapho upheka futhi ugcina ukudla. Uma uke waba nokungabaza okuncane ngalokhu, ungalibali ukubona udokotela. Ngoba ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasindisa impilo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Botulism yisifo esibi kakhulu esithinta isimiso sezinzwa esibangelwa ubuthi obukhiqizwa yibhaktheriya i-Clostridium botulinum.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukubona kabili, ubunzima bokukhuluma nokugwinya, ukugoba kwamehlo, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Yiya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha.
- Gwema ukudla ukudla okusemathinini ekhaya, amathini avuvukele, nokudla okunephunga elibi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukupheka ukudla kahle.
- Gwema ukunikeza izingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa uju nganoma yisiphi isizathu.
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