Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhungathekile futhi wesaba uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza webele. "Ngenzenjani manje?" "Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?" Kunemibuzo eminingi efika engqondweni. Okokuqala, khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, nabangani bakho banawe. Ukuhlinzwa kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ebalulekile yohlelo lokwelapha umdlavuza webele. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sixoxe ngakho konke, njengokungathi ukhuluma nomngane.
Kuyini ngempela ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza webele?
Kalula nje, ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza webele kuwukususwa kwezicubu emzimbeni eziqukethe amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Ezimweni eziningi, uma unomdlavuza webele, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha cishe lizoncoma lokhu kuhlinzwa. Kungenziwa ngaphambi noma ngemva kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha (njenge-chemotherapy).
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma umdlavuza usesigabeni lapho ungasuswa khona, ukuhlinzwa kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokwenza lokho.
Kodwa nansi into okudingeka siyiqonde. Uma umdlavuza ususakazekele ngale kwebele waya ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba, njengesibindi, amaphaphu, noma ubuchopho (umdlavuza webele osakazekile), ukuhlinzwa akuyona indlela eyinhloko yokwelapha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kudingeka ukwelashwa okuthinta umzimba wonke.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ukuze kususwe iqhubu lomdlavuza kuphela. Ngezinye izikhathi, lonke ibele kungadingeka lisuswe. Nakuba lokhu kuhlinzwa kungokwezokwelapha ngokuyinhloko, ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuxilonga (isibonelo, ukubona ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke yini) noma ukwakhiwa kabusha kwebele lobuhle.
Yiziphi lezi zinhlobo zokuhlinzwa?
Ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza webele kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko. Kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho ukuthi yikuphi okufanele kakhulu kuwe.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukususwa Kwezicubu Ezifile (Ukususwa Kwezicubu Ezifile / Ukususwa Kwezicubu Ezifile) | Lokhu kuhilela ukususa "iqhubu" elinomdlavuza kanye nenani elincane lezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa ezigabeni zokuqala zomdlavuza. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu | Lokhu kuhlinzwa kususa zonke izicubu kwelinye noma womabili amabele. Kwezinye izimo, izingxenye eziseduze, njengemisipha yesifuba, nazo zingasuswa. |
| I-Biopsy ye-Sentinel Node | Ukususa nokuhlola i-lymph node eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ekhwapheni eliseduze nebele ukuze kubonakale ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke yini. |
| Ukususwa kwe-lymphadenectomy | Ukususa iningi lama-lymph node ekhwapheni bese uwahlola ngokujulile ukuze ubone ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani. |
| Ukwakhiwa Kabusha Kwesifuba | Ngemva kokususwa komdlavuza, isimo sesifuba singashintshwa. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa izimila zesifuba noma izicubu ezithathwe kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho. |
Kudingeka kwenziwe lokhu kuhlinzwa ngokushesha kangakanani?
Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kuyinto okufanele iqalwe kusenesikhathi. Uma siqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, kulapho amathuba okuba umdlavuza uyeke ukukhula khona. Ngokwezibalo, ukuhlinzwa kungakapheli amasonto ayisishiyagalombili okutholakala kwesifo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kube nemiphumela ephumelelayo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, odokotela banquma ukunikeza ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenza nohlelo lukadokotela wakho.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi, ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa
Uma usutholakale unomdlavuza webele, udokotela wakho uzohlela usuku lokuxoxa nawe ngohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Impilo yakho iyonke kanye nesigaba somdlavuza wakho kuzonquma uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa. Ungaxoxa futhi ngokuthi ungathanda yini ukuvuselelwa kwebele ngemva kokuhlinzwa, futhi uma kunjalo, kuzokwenziwa nini.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
Ukuhlinzwa kuzokwenziwa ngokwezidingo zakho. Umgomo oyinhloko kadokotela ohlinzayo ukususa zonke izicubu ezingase zibe namangqamuzana omdlavuza. Isikhathi esithathayo ukwenza lokhu sizohluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa. Nakuba ukuhlinzwa okulula kungathatha ihora elilodwa kuya kwamabili, ukuhlinzwa kwe-mastectomy kungathatha amahora amathathu kuya kwamane noma ngaphezulu. Kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela usuku noma ngaphezulu.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa
Ngesikhathi usalulama ekuhlinzweni, izicubu ezisusiwe kanye nama-lymph node kuzohlolwa ngudokotela wezifo. Lokhu kuhlolwa kuzonquma ukuthi umdlavuza usususiwe ngokuphelele noma ukuthi ususakazekele kuma-lymph node. Ngemva kokuthola umbiko, udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngalokho okufanele ukwenze ngokulandelayo. Ungadinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe (njengokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe).
Ziyini izingozi nemiphumela emibi yokuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ukuhlinzwa komdlavuza webele kungaba nezingozi ezithile kanye nemiphumela emibi. Kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi zinto kusengaphambili.
| Uhlobo lwengozi/umphumela ongemuhle | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izingozi ezivamile kunoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa | |
| Ukutheleleka kwenxeba | Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise umkhuhlane, ukubomvu okuzungeze inxeba, kanye nomuzwa wokufudumala. |
| Amahlule egazi | Uma uzwa ukuvuvukala okubuhlungu komlenze, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha . |
| Ukuqongelela koketshezi (i-Seroma) | Ukunqwabelana koketshezi endaweni yokuhlinzwa. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kuyaphola ngokwako. |
| Imiphumela emibi eqondene nokuhlinzwa kwebele | |
| Ukuba ndikindiki kanye nomonakalo wezinzwa | Ukulimala kwemizwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kungabangela ukungazweli kanye nobuhlungu esifubeni, emakhwapheni, noma engalweni. Lokhu kuzophela phakathi namasonto ambalwa. |
| Ukuqina kwamahlombe | Kuvamile ukuzwa ukuqina nobunzima bokushukumisa ihlombe nengalo yakho ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kungagwenywa ngokwenza izivivinyo udokotela wakho akunikeza zona nsuku zonke. |
| Ukufaka i-Cording | Abanye abantu abasuswe ama-lymph node abo emakhwapheni baba nalesi simo (i-Axillary Web Syndrome). Uphawu luwumuzwa womthambo oqinile ogijima usuka emakhwapheni wehle engalweni. Ungelashwa ngokuhlikihlwa okuncane. |
| I-Lymphedema | Ukuvuvukala kwesandla noma ingalo ngenxa yokuvaleka kwesistimu ye-lymphatic. Uma lokhu kuqhubeka, kuyadingeka ukwelashwa. |
Ake sifunde ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphola kanye nezibazi.
Ungase uzizwe ubuhlungu futhi ukhathele amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi yobuhlungu kanye nokuzivocavoca ongakwenzela ingalo nehlombe lakho. Ukwenza lokhu kuzivocavoca ngendlela efanele kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela ukuqina kwamahlombe. Ngokuvamile uzokwazi ukubuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile kungakapheli inyanga.
Kujwayelekile ukushiya isibazi ngemva kwanoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa. Nakuba ekuqaleni zingase zibonakale zibomvu futhi zinamaqhubu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi lezi zibazi zizothamba bese ziphaphathekile.
Uma kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa lapho umdlavuza ungaphakathi kwebele kuphela, izinga lokusinda iminyaka emihlanu liphezulu lifinyelela ku-99%. Lezi izindaba ezinhle kakhulu, akunjalo?
Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizohlela ukuvakasha okulandelayo nawe isonto noma amabili ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwakho. Ngaleso sikhathi, bazobuyekeza isimo sakho, baxoxe ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa, bese behlela izinyathelo ezilandelayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza webele ukuhlinzwa.
- Kufanele ukhulume nodokotela wakho ukuze unqume ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlinzwa (njengokususwa kwe-Lumpectomy noma i-Mastectomy) olulungele wena.
- Ukuqala ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kube nemiphumela ephumelelayo.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukuphulukiswa. Lalela umzimba wakho, bekezela, futhi ungayeki ukuzivocavoca.
- Zizwe ukhululekile ukuxoxa ngokwesaba kwakho, ukungabaza, kanye nemibuzo nodokotela wakho kanye nethimba lezokwelapha. Khumbula njalo ukuthi awuwedwa kulolu hambo.
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