Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile? Ake sixoxe ngokwelashwa kwe-CRT (Ukwelashwa Kokuvuselelwa Kwenhliziyo)

Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengeqembu lomculo. Lapho wonke umuntu esebenza ndawonye, ​​​​ngasikhathi sinye, kudalwa umculo omuhle. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi ngezimo ezifana nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, amakamelo amabili aphansi enhliziyo, ama-ventricle, aqala ukusebenza ngokuphambene, ngokungavumelani. Lapho elinye lishaya, elinye alishayi, futhi lapho elinye lishaya, alishayi. Lapho amakamelo amabili enhliziyo ehlukaniswa, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi kahle. Yilapho ukwelashwa okukhethekile okubizwa ngokuthi i-Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy, noma i-CRT ngamafuphi, kuza ukusisiza.

Kalula nje, iyini le CRT?

I-CRT iwukwelashwa okubuyisela isigqi senhliziyo esimweni esijwayelekile. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-Biventricular Pacing. Igama elithi "Biventricular" lisho "amakamelo womabili." Lokhu kusho ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kubangela ukuthi amakamelo amabili aphansi (ama-ventricles) enhliziyo ashaye ndawonye ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuze enze lokhu, udokotela wakho uzofaka idivayisi encane ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba sakho.

Lokhu kuhlukile kancane kumshini ojwayelekile wokushaya indlwabu. Umshini ovamile wokushaya indlwabu unentambo eyodwa noma ezimbili. Kodwa le divayisi ye-CRT inezintambo ezintathu . Lezi zintambo ezintathu zixhunywe ezindaweni ezintathu ezithile enhliziyweni.

• Ucingo olulodwa luya ekamelweni eliphezulu lenhliziyo (i-atrium yangakwesokudla)
• Ucingo lwesibili luya ekamelweni elingezansi kwesokudla senhliziyo (i-ventricle yesokudla).
• Ucingo lwesithathu luya ekamelweni elingezansi kwesobunxele senhliziyo (i-ventricle yesobunxele).

Lezi zintambo ezintathu zithumela izimpawu zikagesi ezicashile kakhulu, okwenza amakamelo enhliziyo asebenze ndawonye, ​​​​kanye. Kufana nomqhubi ohlezi phambi kwe-orchestra futhi enikeza wonke umuntu isignali yokudlala ndawonye. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kwenhliziyo.

Ubani ngempela odinga lolu hlobo lokwelashwa kwe-CRT?

Lokhu kwelashwa akulona okwawo wonke umuntu. Udokotela wakho uzobheka izici eziningana ngaphambi kokuncoma.

• Isimo Sokwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Sihlola ukuthi unesifo senhliziyo esimaphakathi noma esibi kakhulu.
• Ukwelashwa ngemithi: Ngisho nangemva kokusebenzisa imithi engcono kakhulu yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo, izimpawu (ukuphelelwa umoya, ukukhathala) zisabonakala.
• Izinkinga zesigqi senhliziyo: Ukuhlolwa kwe-ECG kubheka ukubambezeleka kokudluliselwa kwezimpawu zikagesi enhliziyweni yakho. Lokhu kuvame ukunconywa, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanesimo esifana ne -Left Bundle Branch Block .
• Amandla okupompa kwenhliziyo:I-echocardiogram (ukuskena kwenhliziyo) izohlola futhi ukuthi ikhono lenhliziyo yakho lokupompa igazi (ingxenye yokukhipha) liphansi yini.

Kalula nje, odokotela babheka lokhu kwelashwa kubantu abanokushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile okunzima ukukulawula ngemithi kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila.

Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokwelashwa?

Njengoba lokhu kungukuhlinzwa okuncane, udinga ukulungiselela kusengaphambili. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi wenze okulandelayo:

• Ukuhlolwa: Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, uzocelwa ukuba wenze i- echocardiogram , mhlawumbe i -MRI scan yenhliziyo , kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale isimo senhliziyo yakho ngqo.
• Ukuzila Ukudla: Uzokwaziswa ukuthi ungadli noma uphuze lutho okungenani amahora ayisithupha ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
• Imithi: Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, uzonikezwa imithi yokudambisa ubuhlungu bakho futhi ikufake ebuthongweni obuncane, ukuze ungezwa lutho.

Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani?

Le nqubo ithatha amahora amaningana. Nakhu okwenzekayo:

1. Ukufaka izintambo: Okokuqala, udokotela ufaka izintambo ezintathu ezincane kakhulu ngomthambo osehlombe lakho, noma mhlawumbe ethangeni lakho. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokucophelela kakhulu ngenkathi ubuka umshini we-X-ray.

2. Ukuthumela izintambo enhliziyweni: Lezi zintambo zibe sezidlula emithanjeni bese zifakwa ezindaweni ezintathu ezibekiwe zenhliziyo okuxoxwe ngazo ngaphambili (i-atrium yangakwesokudla, i-ventricle yangakwesokudla, kanye ne-ventricle yangakwesokunxele).

3. Ukwenza isikhala sedivayisi: Okulandelayo, kwenziwa ukusikwa okuncane esikhumbeni esingaphansi kwethambo lakho lentamo, okudala isikhala esincane (iphakethe) ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Yilapho idivayisi ye-CRT izobekwa khona.

4. Ukuxhumana nokuhlolwa: Ezinye iziphetho zezintambo ezintathu ezithunyelwa enhliziyweni zixhunywe kule divayisi ye-CRT. Bese, bahlola ukuthi isebenza kahle yini nokuthi izimpawu zihamba kahle yini.

5. Ukufakelwa kwedivayisi: Uma konke kulungile, idivayisi ye-CRT ifakwa ngaphakathi kwephakethe elenziwe, ukusika kuyavalwa, bese kufakwa izitishi kahle.

Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kwelashwa?

Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa, i-CRT inezinzuzo kanye nezingozi. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu ngokucophelela nodokotela wakho.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe usuku olulodwa ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

• Endleleni eya ekhaya: Njengoba unikezwe amaphilisi okulala, ngeke ukwazi ukushayela imoto . Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuletha umuntu ozokuthatha akuyise ekhaya.
• Ukunyakaza kwengalo: Ingalo ohlangothini lapho idivayisi ifakwe khona (ngokuvamile ingalo yesobunxele) kufanele ihlale inganyakazi futhi ingaphakanyiswa cishe amahora ayi-12 . Lokhu kuvumela izintambo ezifakiwe ukuthi zihlale kahle enhliziyweni.
• Ikhadi Elikhethekile: Uzonikezwa ikhadi elikhethekile, elinayo yonke imininingwane yale divayisi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina leli khadi esikhwameni sakho semali ngaso sonke isikhathi.
• Ukululama: Ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi evamile zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa akukhuthazwa ukushayela noma ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo cishe isonto.
• Hlola Kabusha: Ngaphambi kokuba uthunyelwe ekhaya, i-X-ray noma i-ECG ingathathwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi izintambo zisendaweni yazo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-CRT ne-ICD?

Lokhu kuyinto edida abantu abaningi. I-CRT kanye ne-ICD ziyizinhlobo ezimbili zamadivayisi.

• I-CRT (Ukwelashwa Kokuvumelanisa Inhliziyo): Njengoba sesixoxile, lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukuvumelanisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo. Okusho ukuthi, kwenza amakamelo enhliziyo asebenze ndawonye, ​​ngesigqi esisodwa. Kuyinguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-pacemaker.
• I-ICD (I-Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator): Lokhu kwenza okuhlukile. Uma inhliziyo ishaya ngesivinini esiyingozi, iyayibona bese ikhipha ukushaqeka okuncane kagesi ukuze iyibuyisele esimweni sayo esijwayelekile . Lena idivayisi esindisa impilo.

Kodwa kaningi, abantu abanesifo senhliziyo bangaba nazo zombili lezi zinkinga. Yingakho odokotela befaka idivayisi eyodwa enazo zombili lezi zici, i -CRT-D (CRT ene-Defibrillator) .

Nini ukukhuluma nodokotela

Ngemva kokufaka idivayisi ye-CRT, kunezinto ezithile okudingeka uziqaphele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ube khona ezinsukwini ezihleliwe zomtholampilo.

• Ukulandelela kokuqala kuzokwenzeka cishe inyanga ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
• Ngemva kwalokho, bazocela ukukubona kanye noma kabili ngonyaka.

Kulezi zikliniki, udokotela uhlola isimo sedivayisi, ibhethri layo, kanye nezintambo. Uphinde ahlole ukuthi ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho kuthuthuke kangakanani ngenxa yale divayisi.