Uhlala womile, ulokhu uchama? Ingabe lokhu kuyi-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)? Ake sixoxe!

Ingabe nawe uhlangabezana nohudo olumanzi usuku lonke? Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uphuza amanzi angakanani, akwenzeki? Ingabe kufanele uvuke njalo, ngezinye izikhathi ebusuku, ukuze uchame? Ngisho noma wenza kanjalo, ingabe ukhipha umchamo omningi okhanyayo, omanzi? Lokhu kungaba yinto ebalulekile kuwe. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-Central Diabetes Insipidus, noma i-'Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)'. Nakuba sinesifo sikashukela, lesi akusona isifo sikashukela esisaziyo sonke. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe.

Iyini i-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)?

Kalula nje, i-`Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)` iyisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Okwenzekayo ukuthi umzimba wakho awunayo i-Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) eyanele, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Vasopressin . Le hormone ye-ADH isiza ukulawula inani lamanzi emizimbeni yethu. Uma le hormone iphansi, izinso ziqala ukukhipha amanzi amaningi njengomchamo. Ngakho-ke, uchama kakhulu futhi uzizwe uvuvukele kakhulu.

Le hormone ye-ADH ikhiqizwa yi -hypothalamus ebuchosheni bethu. Kodwa-ke, igcinwa futhi ikhishwe uma idingeka enye indlala encane ebuchosheni , indlala ye-pituitary . Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona umonakalo ku-hypothalamus noma indlala ye-pituitary, i-CDI ingakhula.

Uma une-CDI, uma ungaphuzi amanzi anele ukuze ubuyisele inani lamanzi owalahlekelwa umchamo, ungaphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni . Lokhu kuyingozi ngempela.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nohlobo olubi kakhulu lwe-CDI, okusho ukuthi i-hormone ye-ADH ayisebenzi kahle. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `i-CDI ephelele`. Abanye bangase babe nohlobo oluthambile, okusho ukuthi i-hormone ye-ADH isebenza ngezinga elithile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `i-CDI engaphelele`.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma uzwa igama elithi `Diabetes Insipidus`, ungalididanisi nelithi `Diabetes Mellitus`. Zombili lezi zimo zinegama elithi `diabetes` ngoba zombili lezi zimo zinezimpawu ezifanayo zokoma ngokweqile kanye nokuchama njalo. Igama elithi `diabetes` livela egameni lesiGreki elithi `diabainein`. Lisho `ukudlula`. Njengoba nje amanzi edlula emzimbeni ngokushesha futhi ekhishwa njengomchamo.

Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko ze-'Diabetes Insipidus':

• `Isifo Sikashukela Esiphakathi (i-CDI)` - Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu esikhuluma ngalo.
• I-Nephrogen Diabetes Insipidus - Izinso aziphenduli ku-ADH.
• `Isifo Sikashukela Esibangelwa I-Dipsogenic` - Ngenxa yesifiso sengqondo sokuphuza amanzi amaningi ngokweqile.
• `Isifo Sikashukela Sokukhulelwa Insipidus` - Isimo sesikhashana esenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Iyini le ADH (i-antidiuretic hormone)?

I-ADH, noma i-vasopressin, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, iyi-hormone eyenziwe yi-hypothalamus yakho futhi igcinwe futhi ikhishwe yi - pituitary gland yakho.Zifana nezithunywa zamakhemikhali eziqondisa imisebenzi eyahlukene yemizimba yethu. Lezi zihamba ngegazi futhi zithwale imiyalezo ezithweni zethu zomzimba, emisipheni, nakwezinye izicubu. Lezi zimpawu zitshela umzimba ukuthi wenzeni nokuthi ukwenze nini.

I-hypothalamus yingxenye yobuchopho bethu elawula ukusebenza kwesimiso sezinzwa esizimele kanye ne-pituitary gland. Yenza i-ADH bese iyithumela e-pituitary gland ukuze igcine futhi ikhulule lapho kudingeka.

I-pituitary gland iyi-gland encane etholakala phansi kobuchopho, ngaphansi nje kwe-hypothalamus. Iyingxenye yesistimu yethu ye-endocrine. Umsebenzi wayo ukwenza, ukugcina, nokukhulula ama-hormone amaningi abalulekile. I-ADH igcinwa futhi ikhishwe yi-posterior pituitary gland.

I-ADH ilawula kakhulu ukuthi izinso zethu zimunca amanzi angakanani emizimbeni yethu uma zihlunga imfucuza egazini lethu, ngaleyo ndlela zigcine ibhalansi yamanzi emzimbeni. Ngokuvamile, uma uphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni noma umfutho wegazi wakho uphansi, umzimba wakho ukhiqiza futhi ukhiphe i-ADH eyengeziwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinso "zigcine amanzi emzimbeni wakho, zingawakhiphi emchameni."

Ngakho-ke, ku-CDI, i-hypothalamus ayikhiqizi i-ADH eyanele, noma i-pituitary gland ayikhiphi i-ADH eyanele. Yingakho kuba khona umchamo omningi njalo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) kanye ne-Nephrogen Diabetes Insipidus?

Izimpawu zazo zombili lezi zimo ziyafana: ukuchama ngokweqile kanye nokuphuza amanzi ngokweqile. Umehluko usesimbangela kanye nokwelashwa kwalezi zimo ezimbili.

Isifo Sikashukela Esibangelwa Yi-Nephrogen I-Insipidus yenzeka lapho i-pituitary gland yakho ikhipha i-ADH eyanele, kodwa izinso zakho aziphenduli kahle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinso zakho azikwazi ukugcina amanzi. Kunezizathu eziningana zalokhu:

• Eminye imithi, isibonelo i-lithium ne- tetracycline .
• Amazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini (i-Hypokalemia) .
• Ukwanda kwamazinga e-calcium egazini (i-Hypercalcemia) .
• Ukuvaleka komgudu womchamo.

I-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) ibangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland, engakhiqizi i-ADH eyanele. Ngokuvamile ibangelwa ukulimala kwe-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland. Lo monakalo ungabangelwa izinto ezifana nokulimala ekhanda, ukuhlinzwa, ukuvuvukala, noma izimila.

Ubani othola i-CDI? Kuvamile kangakanani lokhu?

I-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) ingakhula kunoma yimuphi ubudala, kodwa ivame kakhulu ukuqala phakathi kweminyaka eyi-10 nengama-20 .

I-CDI iyisimo esingavamile kakhulu, esithinta cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabangu-25,000 .

Ziyini izimpawu ze-CDI?

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-'Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)' yilezi:

• Ukuchama njalo, ngisho nasebusuku.
• Ukuchama okuningi okukhanyayo noma okucacile isikhathi ngasinye.
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi womile , ngakho phuza uketshezi njalo.

Nakuba umuntu ojwayelekile ekhipha cishe ilitha elilodwa kuya kwamabili omchamo ngosuku, umuntu one-CDI angakhipha amalitha angu-19 (amalitha angu-20) omchamo ngosuku ! Cabanga ukuthi kungakanani lokho!

Izimpawu ezinganeni ezincane

Izingane ezincane ezine-CDI zingase zibonise izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ukungahlaliseki nokucasuka njalo.
• Ukudinwa, ukozela.
• Ukuhlanza.
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Imfiva.

Izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni

Uma i-CDI ingelashwa, noma uma umuntu one-CDI engaphuzi amanzi anele, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungavela ngokushesha. Izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni zifaka:

• Ukuzizwa unesizungu, uzizwa ukhululekile.
• Ngikhathele.
• Umlomo owomile, izindebe, amehlo.
• Ubunzima bokwenza imisebenzi elula yengqondo.
• Isicanucanu.
• Ukuquleka.

Uma unokoma kakhulu futhi uchama njalo kanye/noma izimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya esibhedlela ngokushesha okukhulu. Nakuba i-CDI ingavamile, akuyona yodwa isimo esingabangela lezi zimpawu. Ukoma ngokweqile kanye nokuchama njalo kuyizibonakaliso ezinamandla zokuthi kukhona okungasebenzi kahle emzimbeni wakho nokuthi udinga usizo lwezokwelapha.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) ukuntuleka okuphelele noma okuyingxenye kwe-hormone i-ADH. Lokhu kuntuleka kuvame ukubangelwa ukulimala kwe-hypothalamus yakho, i-pituitary gland, noma izicubu ezixhumanisa lezi zinto ezimbili (isiqu se-pituitary). Ezinye izimbangela ezithile zifaka:

• Ukulimala kwe-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland ngenxa yokuhlinzwa.
• Ukulimala kwe-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland ngenxa yokulimala kwekhanda, ikakhulukazi ukwaphuka kwekhanda eliyisisekelo.
• Ukuvuvukala (ama-granuloma) okubangelwa izifo ezifana ne -sarcoidosis noma isifo sofuba .
• Izimila ezifana ne -craniopharyngioma noma i-germinoma .
• I-Langerhans cell histiocytosis (lesi yisifo esingavamile esingabangela ukulimala kwezicubu noma izibazi endaweni eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yomzimba).
• Ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo okuzuzwe njengefa ku-chromosome 20 (lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu - amacala angaphansi kwe-100 abikiwe ezincwadini zezokwelapha).

Cishe kwengxenye yesithathu yamacala e-CDI, odokotela abakwazi ukuthola imbangela eqondile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-idiopathic central diabetes insipidus (CDI).Abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi amanye amacala e-idiopathic CDI angabangelwa yizici zokuzivikela komzimba. Ezimweni zokuzivikela komzimba, isimiso somzimba wakho sokuzivikela komzimba siqala ukuhlasela izicubu ezinempilo. Kulesi simo, isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela somzimba singase senze ama-antibodies, noma ama-lymphocyte, ahlasela amaseli akhiqiza i-ADH.

I-CDI ingavela futhi njengengxenye yesifo noma isimo esikhulu, njenge- Wolfram syndrome ( isimo esizuzwe njengefa) kanye ne-septo-optic dysplasia (isifo esingavamile sokuthuthukiswa kobuchopho kwasekuqaleni).

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-CDI? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ngenxa yokuthi ukoma njalo kanye nokuchama kungabangelwa ezinye izimo, njengesifo sikashukela, kubalulekile ukugwema ezinye izimo lapho uxilonga i-central diabetes insipidus (CDI). Ngakho-ke, uma unalezi zimpawu, udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo eziningana.

Ukuxilonga i-CDI kuhlanganisa nokuthola ukuthi yini ebangela lokho.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezisetshenziswa ukuxilonga i-CDI?

Ukuhlolwa kokuntuleka kwamanzi kuyindlela elula nethembekile yokuxilonga i-CDI. Uma udokotela wakho eyala lokhu kuhlolwa, uzoqinisekisa ukuthi uqashwe ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, njengoba kungabangela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhilela ukuhlala ungenawo uketshezi amahora amaningana nokubona ukuthi umzimba wakho usabela kanjani. Uma une-CDI, uzoqhubeka nokuphuma umchamo omningi omanzi (oxutshwe), onombala okhanyayo, ngisho noma uvame ukuphuma umchamo omncane ophuzi omnyama, ogcwele.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi acele lezi zivivinyo ukusiza ekuxilongeni i-CDI nokukhipha ezinye izimo:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola izinga le-ADH (i-antidiuretic hormone) egazini.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola amazinga kashukela ukuze kutholakale ukuthi awunaso isifo sikashukela.
• Ukuhlolwa komchamo ukuhlola ukuhlushwa komchamo (osmolality) kanye/noma ukuhlola ama-ketone, okungabonisa isifo sikashukela.
• Ukuze unqume ukuthi izinso zakho zisabela kanjani, uzonikezwa umjovo we-synthetic ADH. Abantu abane-Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus abasabeli ku-synthetic ADH ngoba izinso zabo ziyamelana nemiphumela ye-ADH. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu abane-CDI basabela ku-synthetic ADH.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ezifana ne -MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) kungasetshenziswa ukuthola ukuthi i-pituitary gland noma i-hypothalamus yakho yonakele yini, futhi uma kunjalo, imbangela iyini.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-CDI?

Ukwelashwa kwe-CDI kuncike ebunzimeni bokuntuleka kwe-hormone ye-ADH.

Une -CDI ephelele.Uma kunjalo, i-desmopressin iyindlela yokwelapha yokuqala. Lona umuthi osebenza njenge-hormone i-ADH. Ungathatha i-desmopressin njengomjovo, njengephilisi, noma njengesifutho sekhala.

Uma une -CDI engaphelele , okusho ukuthi i-ADH yemvelo isasebenza ngezinga elithile, udokotela wakho angase akunike eminye imithi, njenge -hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) .

Njengokwelashwa kwezinsana ezincane ezine-CDI, ubisi lwefomula noma lwebele oluxutshwe ngamanzi bese lunikezwa ne-hydrochlorothiazide lunganikezwa.

Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi ye-Desmopressin?

I-Desmopressin ngokuvamile iwumuthi ophephile kakhulu onemiphumela embalwa emibi. Imiphumela emibi engaba khona ihlanganisa:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Ubuhlungu besisu.
• Isicanucanu.
• Ukuminyana kwamakhala noma ikhala eligobhozayo.
• Ukopha ekhaleni.

Uma uphuza i-desmopressin eningi kakhulu, noma uma uphuza amanzi amaningi kakhulu ngenkathi uyiphuza, umzimba wakho ungase ugcine amanzi amaningi kakhulu. Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukuqunjelwa.
• Amazinga aphansi kasawoti (i-sodium) egazini (i-Hyponatremia) .

Izimpawu ze-Hyponatremia:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu elinzima noma elihlala isikhathi eside.
• Ukudideka.
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza.

Uma unezimpawu ze-hyponatremia, kufanele ushayele u-911 noma uye ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha okukhulu.

Umuntu one-CDI angakuphatha kanjani lokhu?

Uma une-CDI, ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza amanzi njalo ukuze ugweme ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.

Kubalulekile futhi ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle nokuthi umthamo wemithi oyinikeziwe ulungile.

Yiziphi izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-CDI?

Ngeshwa, amacala amaningi e-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) awanakuvinjelwa. Izici eziyingozi zokuthuthukisa i-CDI zifaka:

• Ukuhlinzwa kobuchopho.
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela i-insipidus kanye/noma i-Wolfram syndrome.
• Ukulimala ekhanda.
• Ukutheleleka kobuchopho.

Sinjani isimo sempilo somuntu one-CDI? (Isibikezelo)

Isibikezelo somuntu one-'Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)' ngokuvamile sihle, futhi uma welashwa kahle futhi kuphuzwa uketshezi olwanele, akudali izinkinga ezinkulu.

Kodwa-ke, izingane ezincane, asebekhulile, kanye nalabo abanezinkinga zempilo yengqondo basengozini enkulu yezinkinga nokufa ngoba bangase babe nobunzima bokubona ukoma kwabo noma ukuthatha isinyathelo.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI)?

Inkinga enkulu ye-CDI yileUkuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni . Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa uketshezi olwanele kanye nama-electrolyte ukuze usebenze kahle. Uma une-CDI, ungalawula inani elikhulu loketshezi olulahlekelayo emchameni wakho ngokuphuza uketshezi oluningi. Kodwa uma ungenalo, ungaphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngokushesha.

Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kuyingozi, ngisho nokubeka impilo engozini. Uma unezimpawu zokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, njengokuzungeza, isicanucanu, kanye nokudinwa, hamba uye esibhedlela esiseduze ngokushesha okukhulu.

Uma i-CDI ezinganeni ezincane ingelashwa , ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okuphindaphindiwe kungaholela ezinkingeni ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuquleka.
• Ukulimala kobuchopho.
• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula.
• Ukukhula okubambezelekile.

Uma i-CDI ingelashwa ezinganeni nakubantu abadala, izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-Arrhythmia) .
• Imfiva.
• Ukoma kwesikhumba kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila (isib. ngaphakathi emlonyeni, ekhaleni).
• Ukuquleka.
• I-Coma.

Abantu abadala abane-CDI bangase babe nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-orthostatic hypotension , okuwukwehla okungazelelwe komfutho wegazi lapho bemi noma behleli. Lokhu kungabangela isiyezi noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi okwesikhashana.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Uma une-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI), kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuze uqaphe isimo sakho futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kuyasebenza. Uma unezimpawu ezikukhathazayo, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho.

Uma unezimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okukhulu, njengokudideka noma isicanucanu, iya ekamelweni eliphuthumayo eliseduze ngokushesha okukhulu.

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho

Uma utholakale une-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI), kungaba usizo ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Kungani ngakha i-CDI?
• Ingabe isifo sami se-CDI sihlala isikhathi eside noma sesikhashana?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha enginazo?
• Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwezindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha?
• Kufanele ngiphuze amanzi angakanani ngosuku?
• Yini enye engingayenza ukuze ngiphathe isimo sami?
• Ingabe amalungu omndeni wami asengozini yokuthola i-CDI?

Okokugcina, into ebaluleke kakhulu (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI) yisimo esingavamile kodwa esingaba yingozi. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi singelashwa futhi silawulwe.Uma une-CDI, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kusebenza kahle. Uma unemibuzo ngesimo sakho, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Bakhona ukukusiza ukuphatha isimo sakho. Ungakhohlwa ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, kubaluleke kakhulu!

` Isifo Sikashukela Esiphakathi Insipidus, i-CDI, i-ADH, izinso, ama-hormone, ukuchama ngokweqile, ukoma ngokweqile