Wake wezwa ngesimo lapho ingcindezi emithanjeni yegazi emincane ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu ikhuphuka ngokuzumayo? Kufana nokuthile okubhajwa epayipini lamanzi bese ingcindezi ikhuphuka. Yilokho i-CTEPH eyikho. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lide kancane, kulula ukuliqonda. Yisimo esingavamile, kodwa sibalulekile okufanele sonke sisiqaphele.
Kalula nje, iyini i-CTEPH?
I-CTEPH umfutho wegazi ophezulu emaphashini. Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi `(Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu)`. Kodwa lokhu kuhlukile kumfutho wegazi ojwayelekile ophakeme. Kunesizathu esithile sokuthi kungani i-CTEPH ivele. Okusho ukuthi, amahlule egazi abekade enamathele emithanjeni yegazi yamaphaphu `(Umthambo Wegazi Ongamaphaphu)` awancibiliki kahle .
Cabanga ngomuntu onegazi eligobile emaphashini akhe. Ngokuvamile, izindlela zomzimba wethu ezisebenza ngazo ziyawancibilikisa lawa maqhubu egazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, la maqhubu egazi awancibiliki ngokuphelele. Esikhundleni salokho, aba yizicubu ezindala, ezifana nezibazi ezihlala emithanjeni yegazi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi zicubu esigobile senza imithambo yegazi ibe mincane.
Uma imithambo yegazi imincane, inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima ukupompa igazi kuleyo mithambo emincane. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi ingcindezi engaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi emaphashini ikhuphuke kakhulu. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-CTEPH (Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension) .
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lesi sifo senzeka kuphela kubantu abanomlando we-pulmonary embolism. Uma ingcindezi emaphashini iphezulu ngaphandle komlando onjalo, kungaba esinye isimo sezokwelapha.
I-CTEPH iwuthinta kanjani umzimba wakho?
Uhlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo yethu luhambisa igazi elingcolile, elingenawo umoya-mpilo ukuze lihlanzwe. Manje, lapho imithambo yegazi emaphashini incipha ngenxa ye-CTEPH futhi ingcindezi ikhuphuka, uhlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo kufanele lubhekane nesithiyo esikhulu ekusunduzeni leli gazi emaphashini.
Lokhu kubangela izinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu:
1. Ukulayisha inhliziyo ngokweqile: Uma usebenza kanzima kanje ngaso sonke isikhathi, uhlangothi lwesokudla lwenhliziyo luqala ukuba buthaka. Lokhu kufana nephampu yamanzi esebenza kanzima ukugcwalisa isikhala esivinjiwe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iphampu iba buthaka.
2. Ukwehla kwamazinga omoya-mpilo emzimbeni: Igazi alikwazi ukudlula kahle emaphashini lithathe umoya-mpilo. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi amazinga omoya-mpilo emzimbeni ehle. Yilokhu esikubonayo njengezimpawu ezifana nokukhathala nokuphelelwa umoya.
Yiziphi izinto ezandisa ingozi yokuthola i-CTEPH?
Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, imbangela eyinhloko ukuthi amahlule egazi emaphashini awancibiliki ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu banamathuba amaningi okuthola lesi simo. Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi lezi zinto eziyingozi.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Uhlobo lwegazi | Ukuba nohlobo lwegazi olungesilo 'O'. |
| Izifo zokujiya kwegazi | Uma wena noma othile emndenini wakho enenkinga yokujiya kwegazi (isib. i-Antiphospholipid Syndrome ). |
| Ukususwa kwe-spleen | I-Splenectomy (ukususwa kobende ngokuhlinzwa) . |
| Ukutheleleka kwesikhathi eside | Izifo zesikhathi eside ezifana nokutheleleka kwamathambo (i-osteomyelitis) . |
| Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha | Ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza nezifo ezifana ne -Inflammatory Bowel Disease . |
| Ezinye izinto | Ukuba ngowesifazane, ukuba ne -pacemaker enhliziyweni, kanye nokwelashwa ngama-hormone e-thyroid kuyizinto ezibangela ukutheleleka. |
Yiziphi izimpawu zalesi sifo?
Izimpawu ze-CTEPH zingase zingabi sobala ekuqaleni. Zikhula kancane kancane. Ungase ucabange ukuthi lokhu kumane nje kuwukukhathala okuvamile. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka lezi zimpawu.
| Isibonakaliso | Ulwazi olwengeziwe |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Kwenzeka ikakhulukazi uma uzikhandla, njengalapho uhamba noma ukhuphuka izitebhisi. Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, lokhu kungakhululeki kungenzeka ngisho noma umi nje. |
| Ukukhathala okukhulu nokukhathala | Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi ngisho noma ungenzi msebenzi. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukuqina | Lobuhlungu bungenzeka ngoba inhliziyo kufanele isebenze kanzima. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze namaqakala (i-Edema) | Ngenxa yokusebenza kwenhliziyo okungasebenzi kahle, uketshezi luyaqoqana emzimbeni, okubangela ukuvuvukala emilenzeni. |
| Ukuzizwa unesizungu kanye nokuquleka (i-Syncope) | Lokhu kungenzeka uma ubuchopho bungatholi umoya-mpilo owanele. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Ukuzizwa sengathi ungakuzwa ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho. |
| Ukushintsha kombala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-Cyanosis) | Izindebe neminwe yesandla iba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo egazini. |
Uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma unomlando wokuqhekeka kwegazi emaphashini ngaphambilini, sicela ubone udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
I-CTEPH itholakala kanjani?
Uma ubona udokotela, uzobuza ngezimpawu zakho futhi akuhlole. Uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi une-CTEPH, bazoncoma ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Ukuskena kwe-V/Q: Lokhu kubheka indlela igazi eligeleza ngayo emaphashini nokuthi umoya uhamba kanjani kuwo. Lokhu kuskena kungabona izindawo lapho kukhona khona amahlule egazi, njengoba ukugeleza kwegazi kuncipha.
- I-Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE): Lokhu kungahlola ingcindezi ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo nokuthi inhliziyo ibuthakathaka kangakanani.
- I-CT Pulmonary Angiogram: Lokhu kuyi-CT scan ekhethekile ekwazi ukubona ngokucacile amahlule egazi amadala kanye nokuncipha kwemithambo yegazi emaphashini.
Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuqinisekisa
Uma lesi sifo sesiqinisekisiwe, kungase kwenziwe ezinye izivivinyo eziningana ukuze kutholakale ubukhali baso futhi kuhlelwe ukwelashwa.
- Ukufakwa kwe-Catheterization Yenhliziyo Efanele: Lena yindlela enembile kakhulu yokukala umfutho wamaphaphu. Ithubhu elincane (i-catheter) lifakwa ngomthambo wegazi emzimbeni liye ohlangothini lwesokudla lwenhliziyo kanye nomthambo wegazi oyinhloko oholela emaphashini.
- Ukuhlolwa Kokucindezeleka Kokuzivocavoca: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenzelwa ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo namaphaphu akho asebenza kanjani uma uzivocavoca.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
Izindaba ezinhle nge-CTEPH ukuthi iyisifo eselaphekayo. Iziguli eziningi zingakhululeka ngokuhlinzwa noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokwelapha eziyinhloko.
1. Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Pulmonary Endarterectomy (PTE):
Lokhu ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo okuvulekile. Kule nqubo, odokotela abahlinzayo bavula imithambo yegazi eyinhloko emaphashini bese bekhipha noma yimaphi amahlule egazi amadala kanye nezicubu zesilonda okungenzeka ukuthi ziqongelelekile ngaphakathi. Nakuba lokhu kuwukuhlinzwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, uma kuphumelele, kunethuba elikhulu lokwelapha lesi sifo ngokuphelele.
2. I-Pulmonary Balloon Angioplasty (BPA):
Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa abantu abanamahlule egazi emithanjeni emincane kakhulu ukuba bahlinzwe. Kulokhu kwelashwa, kufakwa ithubhu elincane (i-catheter) emthanjeni osemlenzeni bese kusetshenziswa ibhaluni elincane ekugcineni ukuze kuvuvuke futhi kwandiswe umthambo onciphile. Lokhu akukubi njengokuhlinzwa.
Noma yikuphi kwalokhu kwelashwa kungayelapha ngokuphelele i-CTEPH. Ngemva kokwelashwa, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo evamile.
Ngezinye izikhathi, kulabo abangakwazi ukuhlinzwa noma abasenomfutho ophezulu emaphashini abo ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kunikezwa imithi ekhethekile (isib. i-Riociguat) ukulawula lowo mfutho.
Izinto okufanele uzazi uma uhlala ne-CTEPH
Impilo yakho izothuthuka kakhulu ngemva kokwelashwa, kodwa kunezinto ezimbalwa okudingeka uzazi.
- Ama-blood thinners impilo yakho yonke: Kuzodingeka uthathe ama-blood thinners impilo yakho yonke ukuze uvimbele ukuqhekeka kwegazi okwengeziwe. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
- Ukudla: Uma uthatha imithi efana ne-'Warfarin', kufanele uqaphele ngokudla okunothe nge-vitamin K (njengeklabishi, isipinashi, i-broccoli). Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ukubhema kuyingozi kakhulu emaphashini akho. Uma ubhema, kubalulekile ukuyeka ngokuphelele.
- Ukuzivocavoca okulula: Ukuzivocavoca okulula, njengokuhamba, kungasiza ekwandiseni amandla akho. Kodwa-ke, qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma yiluphi uhlelo lokuzivocavoca. Ungathunyelwa ohlelweni lokuvuselela oluqondiswa udokotela olubizwa ngokuthi "Ukuvuselelwa Kwezinhlungu Zamaphaphu."
- Impilo yengqondo: Ukuphila nesifo esifana nalesi isikhathi eside kungaholela emizweni yokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ukucindezeleka. Uma uzizwa ngale ndlela, ungabi namahloni okukhuluma nodokotela wakho noma nomuntu oseduze nawe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-CTEPH yisimo somfutho wegazi ophakeme esibangelwa ukunamathela kwamahlule egazi amadala emithanjeni yegazi yamaphaphu.
- Ungadidanisi lokhu nomfutho wegazi ophakeme ojwayelekile.
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya, ukukhathala okukhulu, noma ukuvuvukala emilenzeni yakho, ikakhulukazi uma unomlando wamahlule egazi, bona udokotela ngokushesha.
- Lesi sifo sivame ukuphulukiswa ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa noma ngezinye izindlela.
- Ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
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