Uma uya kudokotela, uzokuhlola igazi. Uma uya elabhorethri nalelo phepha, uzobona ukuthi lithi 'FBC' noma 'CBC'. Abanye abantu bakubiza nangokuthi 'Full Blood Count'. Kuyini ngempela lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-CBC? Kuhlolwa ini? Ingabe lokhu kuyinto okufanele uyesabe? Kulungile, ake sixoxe ngalokhu kalula namuhla, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kungani udokotela angancoma ukuhlolwa kwe-CBC?
I-CBC (Inani Eliphelele Legazi) ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile kakhulu futhi okubaluleke kakhulu. Kalula nje, ibala izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamaseli egazini lakho. Lawa amaseli abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, nama-platelet. Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani udokotela angase acele lokhu kuhlolwa.
- Njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kwempilo okuvamile: Hlola impilo yakho iyonke.
- Hlola i-anemia: Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi i-anemia iyimbangela yezinto ezifana nokukhathala kanye nokuphaphatheka.
- Uma usola esinye isimo sezokwelapha: Thola imbangela yezinhlungu zomzimba wakho ezingachazeki, umkhuhlane, kanye nemihuzuko.
- Gada isimo esivele sikhona: Uma unesifo esihlobene negazi, hlola ukuthi siqhubeka kanjani.
- Hlola imiphumela yemithi: Thola ukuthi eminye yemithi oyiphuzayo, ikakhulukazi leyo esetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza (i-chemotherapy), ithinta kanjani igazi lakho.
Cabanga nje, uma umzimba wethu ufana nemoto, ukuhlolwa kwe-CBC kufana nokuhlola izinto eziyisisekelo zaleyo moto njengowoyela wenjini kanye nezinga lamanzi. Kusinika umbono ngezinto eziningi ezenzeka ngaphakathi emzimbeni.
Kwenziwa kanjani lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-CBC?
Lokhu kulula kakhulu futhi kungenziwa ngemizuzu embalwa. Akudingeki usebenze kanzima.
Umhlengikazi noma uchwepheshe welebhu uzosebenzisa inalithi encane ukuthatha isampula encane yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Yilokho kuphela. Ungabe usuya ekhaya. Bazothumela isampula yegazi elabhorethri ukuze lihlolwe.
Ezimweni eziningi, uma wenza ukuhlolwa kwe-CBC kuphela, akudingeki uzile ukudla. Ungadla futhi uphuze ngendlela evamile. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela wakho ecele olunye ukuhlolwa, njengokuhlolwa koshukela egazini (FBS), kanye ne-CBC, khumbula ukulandela imiyalelo yakhe ngqo .
Zithini lezi zinto kuMbiko we-CBC?
Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi izingxenye ezahlukene zalolu vivinyo zithini. Lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengobuchwepheshe, kodwa empeleni kulula kakhulu. Ngikubeke etafuleni elingezansi ukuze uqonde.
| Yini ehlolwayo (Ingxenye) | Kusho ukuthini? (Kusho ukuthini) |
|---|---|
| Amaseli Amhlophe Egazi (ama-WBC) | Lokhu kufana nohlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu. Lawa maseli alwa namagciwane. Uma emaningi kakhulu , kungaholela ekuthelelekeni noma ekuvuvukeni. Uma emancane kakhulu , ingozi yokutheleleka iyanda. |
| Amaseli Egazi Abomvu (ama-RBC) | Lena yinkonzo yokulethwa ethwala umoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Uma la mazinga ephansi , ungase ube ne-anemia. |
| I-Hemoglobin (i-Hemoglobin - Hb noma i-Hgb) | Lena yiprotheni 'ebamba' umoya-mpilo ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Futhi iyimbangela yombala obomvu wegazi. Leli nani libaluleke kakhulu uma ubheka i-anemia. |
| I-Hematocrit (Hct) | Lokhu kukutshela ukuthi yiliphi iphesenti legazi lakho elenziwe ngamaseli abomvu egazi. Inani eliphansi lingabonisa ukuntuleka kwensimbi. Inani eliphezulu lingaba uphawu lokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. |
| Umthamo Omaphakathi We-Corpuscular (MCV) | Lokhu kulinganisa ubukhulu obujwayelekile bamaseli akho abomvu egazi. Uma emakhulu kakhulu , kungaba ukuntuleka kwe-vitamin B12 noma i-folate. Uma emancane kakhulu , kungaba ukuntuleka kwegazi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwensimbi. |
| Ama-platelet | Lezi yizo ezisiza ekumiseni ukopha futhi zakhe amahlule egazi uma usikeka. Uma inani lazo lincipha, kukhona ingozi yokopha. Uma inani lazo landa, kukhona ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi okungadingekile. |
Ngiyiqonda kanjani imiphumela yombiko?
Uma uthola umbiko wakho we-CBC, uzobona ikholomu ebizwa ngokuthi 'Ireferensi Range' kanye nekholomu ebizwa ngokuthi 'Imiphumela Yakho' enamanani akho. Uma umphumela wakho ungaphakathi 'Kwereferensi Range', kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Uma ungaphansi noma ngaphezulu kwalowo mkhawulo, awujwayelekile.
Kodwa nansi into ebaluleke kakhulu : Lolu 'Luhlu Lokubhekisela' lungahluka kancane kusukela kwelebhu eyodwa kuya kwenye, kuye ngezinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, ubulili, kanye nokuphakama kwendawo ohlala kuyo.
Ngakho-ke ungakhathazeki ngokuthi umbiko uphelelwe yisikhathi ngoba nje inani liyashintshashintsha. Qiniseka ukuthi uwubonisa udokotela wakho bese uwuhlola.
Ulwazi olulandelayo luzokusiza ukuthi uthole umbono wezinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa.
- Amaseli amhlophe egazi (i-WBC): 4,500 - 11,000 amaseli/mcL
- Amaseli abomvu egazi (ama-RBC): 4.5 - 5.9 million cells/mcL kwabesilisa; 4.1 - 5.1 million cells/mcL kwabesifazane
- I-Hemoglobin: 14 - 17.5 gm/dL kwabesilisa; 12.3 - 15.3 gm/dL kwabesifazane
- I-Hematocrit: 41.5% - 50.4% kwabesilisa; 35.9% - 44.6% kwabesifazane
- Ama-platelet: 150,000 - 450,000 ama-platelet/mcL
Imininingwane eyengeziwe kuMbiko we-CBC
Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho uzohlola lezi zinto ukuze athole ukuqonda okujulile. Lezi zivame ukufakwa embikweni we-CBC.
- I-Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH): Inani le-hemoglobin elikuseli elibomvu legazi elijwayelekile.
- Isilinganiso Sokuhlushwa Kwe-Hemoglobin Ye-Corpuscular (MCHC): Kukala ukuhlushwa kwe-hemoglobin enanini elithile legazi.
- Ububanzi Bokusabalalisa Amaseli Abomvu (RDW): Kubonisa ukuthi ubukhulu bamaseli abomvu egazi buhluka kangakanani komunye nomunye.
- Umehluko Wamaseli Amhlophe Egazi: Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 zamaseli amhlophe egazi (ama-Neutrophils, ama-Lymphocytes, ama-Monocytes, ama-Eosinophils, ama-Basophils). Lokhu kuhlola kukhombisa ukuthi zingaki izinhlobo ezahlukene ezikhona. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuboneni uhlobo lokutheleleka.
Zonke lezi zindinganiso zisiza udokotela wakho ukuthola isithombe esiphelele sempilo yakho, ngakho awukwazi ukwenza izinqumo ngokusekelwe enanini elilodwa kuphela.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-CBC (I-Complete Blood Count) ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuvamile nokubaluleke kakhulu okubheka amangqamuzana ayinhloko egazini lakho.
- Lolu vivinyo lunikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana nezimo eziningi zezokwelapha, njenge-anemia kanye nokutheleleka.
- Ungakhathazeki uma amanani embikweni engaphandle kwebanga lokubhekisela. Kungaba nezizathu eziningi zalokhu.
- Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhombisa udokotela wakho umbiko we-CBC bese ucela iseluleko kuye kuphela. Ungenzi izinqumo ngokusekelwe kulokho okufundayo ku-inthanethi noma kulokho okushiwo abanye.
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