Cishe uke wezwa nge-hormone ethi "Estrogen," akunjalo? Iyi-hormone ebalulekile edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wowesifazane. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi, i-estrogen, ewusizo kakhulu emzimbeni wethu, ingasebenza "njengomanyolo" kwamanye amangqamuzana omdlavuza, iwasize akhule ngokushesha? Ungakhathazeki. Lesi yisihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa ake sixoxe ngaso ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini le mithi yomdlavuza encike ku-estrogen?
Okokuqala, sidinga ukukucacisa lokhu. I-hormone ye-estrogen ayibangeli umdlavuza. Okusho ukuthi, i-estrogen ayiyona i-carcinogen. Kodwa-ke, uma iseli lomdlavuza likhula emzimbeni ngesizathu esithile, amanye alawo maseli omdlavuza athola amandla nokukhuthaza akudingayo ukuze akhule, ahlukane, futhi asakazeke kwi-hormone ye-estrogen emizimbeni yethu. Njengoba nje umanyolo usetshenziselwa ukukhulisa isitshalo, la maseli omdlavuza asebenzisa "umanyolo" obizwa ngokuthi i-estrogen ukuze akhule futhi akhule ngokushesha.
Cabanga ngale ndlela. Iseli lomdlavuza lifana nomnyango. Kukhona indawo lapho ukhiye ubekwa khona kulowo mnyango (siwubiza ngokuthi i-receptor). I-hormone i-estrogen ifana naleyo khiye. Lapho i-hormone i-estrogen ifika futhi ibopha i-receptor kulelo seli lomdlavuza, kufana nokufaka ukhiye bese uvula umnyango, bese iseli lomdlavuza lithola umyalezo othi, "Manje hlukana, zande, futhi usakazeke." Umdlavuza oncike ku-hormone i-estrogen futhi wondliwa yiwo yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi umdlavuza oncike ku-estrogen .
Lesi simo sibonakala kakhulu ezinhlotsheni eziningana zomdlavuza ezithinta abesifazane.
- Umdlavuza webele
- Umdlavuza wesibeletho
- Umdlavuza wesibeletho/we-Endometrial
Lapho belapha lezi zinhlobo zomdlavuza, odokotela bezifo zomdlavuza basebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha (ukwelashwa ngama-hormone) ezivimba i-hormone ye-estrogen ukuthi ingafiki emangqamuzaneni omdlavuza.
Yimuphi umdlavuza ovame kakhulu kulesi simo?
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuvame ukuxoxwa ngakho maqondana nomdlavuza webele . Akuwona wonke umdlavuza webele oxhomeke ku-estrogen. Kodwa kunezinhlobo ezithile "ezifana" kakhulu ne-estrogen. Kungenzeka ukuthi uwabonile la mazwi emibikweni yakho yomdlavuza webele.
- Umdlavuza webele one-ER-positive (ER+): Lokhu kusho ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza ane-estrogen receptors.
- Umdlavuza webele one-HR-positive (HR+): Lokhu kusho ukuthi amangqamuzana omdlavuza ane-hormone receptors. Lokhu kusho ukuthi asabela kwelinye noma womabili ama-hormone i-estrogen noma i-progesterone.
- Umdlavuza webele we-Luminal A
- Umdlavuza webele we-Luminal B
- Umdlavuza webele onemiphumela emithathu emihle
Lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, kodwa okushoyo ukuthi ama-hormone asiza ukukhula komdlavuza. Ukwazi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuhleleni ukwelashwa.
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izinto ezandisa ingozi?
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, lokhu kungenxa yamaprotheni akhethekile kumaseli omdlavuza (ama-hormone receptors). Amaseli anempilo nawo anala ma-receptor. Lapho i-estrogen ifika futhi ibopha kuwo, lawo maseli asebenza ngendlela evamile. Kodwa amaseli omdlavuza "ayiphanga" le nqubo futhi ayisebenzisele ukuhlukanisa nokukhula ngezindlela azithandayo.
Khumbula, i-estrogen ayifani nomlilo ovuthayo. Kufana nokufaka i-parafini emlilweni osuvele uvutha. Kwenza umlilo ube mkhulu nakakhulu.
Kunezici eziningana ezandisa ingozi yokuthola lolu hlobo lomdlavuza. Eyokuqala ukwanda kwesikhathi umzimba wowesifazane othola ngaso i-hormone i-estrogen empilweni yakhe.
Ungathola umbono ocacile ngalezi zinto eziyingozi kuthebula elingezansi.
| Isici Sengozi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuthomba ngaphambi kweminyaka eyi-12 | Ukuqala ukuya esikhathini kusenesikhathi kusho ukuthi umzimba ubhekene ne-hormone i-estrogen isikhathi eside. |
| Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kwenzeka ngemva kweminyaka engu-55. | Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini okulibazisekile kusho ukuthi umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini uba mude, okwandisa isikhathi sokuchayeka ku-estrogen. |
| Ukuthatha ukwelashwa kokufaka esikhundleni sama-hormone (HRT) ngesikhathi sokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini | Ama-hormone anikezwa ngaphandle ukulawula ukungakhululeki kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini (isb., ukushisa okukhulu). Lokhu kwandisa namazinga e-estrogen. |
| Ukubusa kwe-estrogen | Ibhalansi phakathi kwama-hormone i-estrogen ne-progesterone emzimbeni iyaphazamiseka, okwenza amazinga e-estrogen akhuphuke ngokulinganisela. |
| Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile | Amaseli amafutha emzimbeni akhiqiza i-hormone i-estrogen, ngakho-ke njengoba isisindo somzimba sanda, amazinga e-estrogen nawo anganda. |
| I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (i-PCOS) | I-PCOS ingadala nokungalingani kwama-hormone, okungabangela ushintsho emazingeni e-estrogen. |
Okuthile okukhethekile ngomuthi iTamoxifen
Kukhona icala elikhethekile lapha. I-Tamoxifen iyisidakamizwa esisebenza kahle kakhulu somdlavuza webele oxhomeke kuma-hormone. Isebenza ngokuvimbela i-estrogen ukuthi ingafiki kumaseli ebele. Kodwa-ke, esibelethweni sowesifazane oye wadlula esikhathini sokuya esikhathini, lesi sidakamizwa siqala ukusebenza ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele, njenge-estrogen. Ngakho-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, kunengozi yokuthola umdlavuza wesibeletho oncike ku-estrogen uma usebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa. Nakuba lokhu kuyinto engavamile kakhulu, udokotela wakho uzokwazisa ngalokhu futhi azokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo ngesikhathi esifanele.
Odokotela bakuthola kanjani lokhu?
Uma usola ukuthi unomdlavuza, into yokuqala udokotela wakho azokwenza ukuthatha isampula encane yamangqamuzana omdlavuza awathumele elabhorethri. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-biopsy .
Elabhorethri, leli sampula leseli liyathathwa futhi lihlolwe ukuze kubonakale ukuthi linama-receptor angabopha ama-hormone i-estrogen ne-progesterone.
- Uma umbiko wokuhlolwa uthi i-HR+ (i-Hormone Receptor-Positive) , kusho ukuthi i-estrogen, i-progesterone, noma womabili ama-hormone asiza umdlavuza wakho ukukhula.
- Uma umbiko wokuhlolwa uthi i-HR- (Hormone Receptor-Negative) , kusho ukuthi la ma-hormone awathinti ukukhula komdlavuza wakho.
Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekuhleleni ukwelashwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Uma umdlavuza usuqinisekisiwe ukuthi uncike kuma-hormone (HR+), odokotela bazoncoma ukwelashwa okubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa ngama-hormone . Lokhu kuhilela ukuvimba i-hormone i-estrogen ekubeni "ukudla" kwamaseli omdlavuza. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela eziningana.
- Ukuvimba i-estrogen ekufinyeleleni amangqamuzana omdlavuza: Njengokufaka into ethile embobeni yesihluthulelo somnyango bese uyivala, izidakamizwa zivimba ama-receptor e-estrogen. Ngemuva kwalokho i-estrogen ayikwazi ukuza izibophezele kuwo.
- Ukuyeka ukukhiqizwa kwe-estrogen emzimbeni: Kunikezwa imithi enciphisa noma evimba ukukhiqizwa kwe-estrogen.
- Ukufaka i-estrogen esikhundleni senye into: Ngezinye izikhathi, i-hormone "eyimbumbulu" eyenziwe elebhu efana ne-estrogen kodwa engasetshenziswa amangqamuzana omdlavuza inikezwa umzimba. Amangqamuzana omdlavuza abe esethatha i-hormone mbumbulu bese ekhohliswa ukuba akhule, kodwa awakwazi ukwenza kanjalo.
Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone ngokuvamile akukwenziwa kuphela. Kunikezwa kanye nezinye izindlela zokwelapha, njengokuhlinzwa , i-chemotherapy, noma ukwelashwa ngemisebe, kuye ngohlobo kanye nobukhulu bomdlavuza.
Ingabe ama-estrogen (ama-phytoestrogen) atholakala ekudleni naseziphuzweni anethonya?
Lokhu kuyinkinga nakubantu abaningi. Okunye ukudla kwezitshalo kuqukethe amakhemikhali asebenza njenge-estrogen emizimbeni yethu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ama-phytoestrogens . Izibonelo zalokhu izinto ezifana nesoya, ubisi, kanye nokolweni ophelele.
Abacwaningi abakavumelani ngokuthi lawa ma-phytoestrogens ayayithinta yini ingozi yomdlavuza oxhomeke ku-estrogen. Ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi angaba usizo kubantu abanamazinga aphansi e-estrogen emzimbeni. Kodwa akukacaci ukuthi abathinta kanjani abantu asebenamazinga aphezulu e-estrogen emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, uma unalolu hlobo lomdlavuza noma usengozini, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho noma isazi sokudla ngokudla kwakho.
I-estrogen iyi-hormone ebalulekile ekusindeni komzimba wowesifazane. Isiza ngakho konke kusukela ohlelweni lwethu lokuzala kuya emandleni amathambo. Kodwa le hormone efanayo ebalulekile ingavuselela ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza. Uma unomdlavuza webele, wesibeletho, noma wesibeletho, udokotela wakho uzofuna ukwazi ukuthi uncike ku-estrogen yini. Lolo lwazi luzobasiza ukuthi bakhethe ukwelashwa okufanele nokuphumelelayo kakhulu kuwe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-hormone i-estrogen ayiyona into ebangela umdlavuza. Lokho kusho ukuthi i-estrogen ayibangeli umdlavuza.
- Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza (ikakhulukazi umdlavuza webele, wesibeletho, kanye nowesibeletho) zisebenzisa i-hormone i-estrogen "njengophethiloli" wokukhula kwazo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-biopsy kunganquma ukuthi umdlavuza wakho uncike kuma-hormone (HR+) noma cha.
- Uma umdlavuza ungowe-HR+, ungalawulwa ngempumelelo enkulu ngokwelashwa ngama-hormone.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana nezici zakho eziyingozi, ukudla okudlayo, noma ukwelashwa, umuntu ongcono kakhulu nofaneleke kakhulu ongakhuluma naye udokotela wakho.
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