Amehlo ethu afana namafasitela amabili avulekela umhlaba, akunjalo? Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi lawa mafasitela amabili aqala ukufiphala futhi angacaci. Ngenxa yengozi, ukutheleleka, noma ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, ulwelwesi olucacile noluncane olungaphambili kweso lethu lungalimala. Le ngxenye, esebenza njengelensi yekhamera, ibizwa ngokuthi 'i-cornea'. Uma le cornea yonakele, umbono wethu ungalahleka cishe ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma 'ngokufakelwa kwe-Cornea', okususa ngokuhlinzwa i-cornea enjalo eyonakele bese ufaka i-cornea enempilo endaweni yayo, okuvumela abantu abaningi ukuthi babone umhlaba ngokucacile futhi.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukufakelwa kwe-cornea?
Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea kubizwa nangokuthi 'ukuhlinzwa kokufakelwa kwe-cornea'. Kubizwa nangokuthi 'i-Keratoplasty' ngesiNgisi. Okwenzekayo kulokhu kulula kakhulu. I-cornea yakho eyonakele, enesifo isuswa ngokucophelela ngudokotela wamehlo. Ngemuva kwalokho, izicubu ze-cornea eziphile kahle ezinikelwe ngumuntu oshonile ziyatshalwa endaweni yazo.
Kufana nokususa ingilazi yewashi endala, eklwebhekile bese uyifaka entsha sha. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukukhanya kuzoqala ukungena kahle esweni lakho futhi, futhi umbono wakho ofiphele uzocaca. Lokhu ngempela ukuhlinzwa okushintsha impilo.
Ubani okufanele ahlinzwe?
Kunezimo eziningana lapho udokotela wakho wamehlo angase asikisele lokhu kuhlinzwa. Akuwona wonke umuntu okudingayo. Kucatshangelwa kakhulu uma i-cornea yonakele futhi ithinta kakhulu umbono wakho.
Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko:
- I-Fuchs' dystrophy: Lesi yisimo sofuzo. Amaseli angaphakathi kwengqimba ye-cornea ayabhujiswa kancane kancane. Lokhu kubangela ukuthi i-cornea ivuvuke futhi ifiphale.
- I-Keratoconus: Kulesi simo, i-cornea iyancipha futhi iqhume phambili ngesimo sekhoni. Lokhu kubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokubona.
- Izilonda ze-cornea: Ukutheleleka okukhulu kungabangela izilonda (izilonda) ku-cornea. Ngisho noma lezi zilonda ziphola, zingashiya izibazi futhi ziphazamise umbono unomphela.
- Ukulimala ngengozi: Uma into ishaya iso, into ebukhali iyalihlaba futhi yonakalise i-cornea.
- Umonakalo obangelwe ukuhlinzwa kwamehlo kwangaphambilini: Ngezinye izikhathi, i-cornea ingonakala ngemva kokunye ukuhlinzwa, njengokususwa kwe-cataract.
- I-Bullous keratopathy: Lesi yisimo lapho i-cornea ivuvukala khona futhi kwakheka amabhamuza ebusweni. Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu bamehlo nokulahlekelwa umbono.
Uma unalesi simo, udokotela wakho nguyena ozokuhlola futhi athathe isinqumo esingcono kakhulu mayelana nokuthi udinga yini ukufakelwa i-cornea noma cha.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Yebo, impela. Ngokungafani nesikhathi esidlule, ubuchwepheshe buthuthukile ukuze ukwazi ukukhetha ukuhlinzwa okulungile ngokusekelwe ezingeni lomonakalo ku-cornea yakho. I-cornea yethu inezingqimba ezintathu eziyinhloko zezicubu. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa luncike ekutheni yiziphi kulezi zingqimba eziphathwayo.
Bheka lolu lwazi. Ngemuva kwalokho ungathola umbono ongcono ngalokhu.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Kwenzekani nje? |
|---|---|
| Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea okujiyile ngokuphelele (Penetrating Keratoplasty - PK) | Lena yindlela yendabuko. Lapha, ukujiya konke kwe-cornea, okungukuthi, zonke izendlalelo ezintathu, kuyasuswa, kutshalwe i-cornea enempilo enobukhulu obufanayo, bese iqiniswa ngokusebenzisa izithungo ezincane. |
| I-Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) | Uma ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwe-cornea yakho luphilile, lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa. Kule nqubo, kususwa kuphela ungqimba lwangaphandle nolwaphakathi olulimele bese kufakelwa izicubu ezinempilo endaweni yazo. Njengoba ungqimba lwakho lwangaphakathi lusele, ingozi yokwenqatshwa umzimba wakho iyancipha. |
| I-Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSAEK/DMEK) | Uma umonakalo ungowengqimba yangaphakathi ye-cornea (endothelium) kuphela, lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa. Lapha, kususwa ungqimba oluncane kuphela olulimele bese kufakelwa ungqimba oluphilile endaweni yalo. Lokhu kuhilela ukuthungwa okumbalwa kakhulu. |
Ubuchwepheshe bokufakelwa kwe-endothelial
Kokubili ukuhlinzwa kwe-'DSAEK' kanye ne-'DMEK', odokotela basebenzisa iqhinga elincane ukubamba ulwelwesi olusanda kutshalwa endaweni yalo ngaphakathi kweso. Okusho ukuthi, bafaka igwebu lomoya esweni. Cabanga nje, njengalapho sibeka iphosta odongeni bese silibamba isikhashana, leli gwebu lomoya lisunduza ulwelwesi olusha ngaphakathi kweso. Bese lunamathela futhi luhlale endaweni yalo.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, udokotela ukweluleka ukuthi ulale phansi ubuso bakho bubheke phezulu (ubheke phezulu) ngangokunokwenzeka izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuzovumela ibhamuza lomoya ukuthi lihlale endaweni yalo futhi lenze umsebenzi walo ngendlela efanele.
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Kunokulungiselela okuncane ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zinto kusenesikhathi.
- Ukukhuluma nodokotela: Udokotela wakho uzobuza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele. Thembeka nganoma yiziphi ezinye izifo onazo, imithi oyiphuzayo, kanye nokungezwani komzimba.
- Ukuyeka Imithi: Ngezinye izikhathi, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uyeke ukuthatha imithi ethile, njengemithi yokunciphisa igazi, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Njalo yenza lokhu njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
- Ukuzila Ukudla: Uzotshelwa ukuthi mangaki amahora okudingeka uzile ukudla ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa. Ngemva kwaleso sikhathi, ungadli noma uphuze lutho.
- Ezokuthutha: Ngeke ukwazi ukuzishayela imoto ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngakho-ke yenza amalungiselelo kusenesikhathi ukuze othile akushayele ekhaya.
Yini ongayilindela ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esingaphansi kwamahora amabili. Uzobe usuyiswa egunjini lokuqapha bese uvunyelwa ukuya ekhaya ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Kuzodingeka uzinakekele ngokukhethekile lezi zinto ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya.
- I-Eye Patch: Uma ubuya ekhaya uvela esibhedlela, uzonikezwa i-eye patch. Kufanele uyigqoke izinsuku eziqondile udokotela wakho akutshele zona. Lokhu kuzovikela amehlo akho.
- Ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki: Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala, amehlo akho angase abe bomvu kancane, alume, futhi azwele ekukhanyeni. Lokhu kuvamile. Ungathatha imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu oyinikezwe udokotela wakho.
- Ukulandelela: Udokotela uzofuna ukukubona futhi zingakapheli amahora angama-24-48 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Lapho, i-patch izosuswa bese iso lihlolwa ukuthi liyaphola yini.
- Amaconsi Eso: Cishe uzonikezwa izinhlobo eziningana zamaconsi eso ukusiza iso lakho liphole. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-antibiotic ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, kanye nama-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvimbela umzimba ekwenqabeni i-cornea etshaliwe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa le mithi ngesikhathi esifanele futhi isikhathi esigcwele esinqunyiwe .
- Izinto okufanele uzigweme: Gwema imisebenzi enzima, njengokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, ukugoba, njll. okungabangela ukukhathala kwamehlo. Gwema noma iyiphi ingozi yokuthola noma yini esweni lakho.
- Ungahlikihli amehlo akho: nganoma yisiphi isizathuUngahlikihli noma ucindezele iso lakho. Ukwenza kanjalo kungaphazamisa ukuphulukiswa futhi kulimaze i-cornea etshaliwe.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zalokhu kuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ukufakelwa kwe-cornea kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezithile.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko
Inzuzo eyinhloko ukubuyiselwa kokubona okucacile . Abantu abaningi bangaqhubeka kalula nemisebenzi yabo yansuku zonke, njengokufunda nokubuka ithelevishini, ngemva kwalokhu kuhlinzwa. Kwabanye, lokhu kuhlinzwa kusiza futhi ukunciphisa ubuhlungu bamehlo.
Izinkinga ezingaba khona
Ingozi enkulu nenkulu kakhulu yokufakelwa i-cornea ukwenqatshwa kwezitho zomzimba.
Amasosha omzimba wethu anjengebutho ezweni. Licabanga ukuthi noma yini evela ngaphandle iyisitha bese liyihlasela. Ngakho-ke ngezinye izikhathi, umzimba wethu ucabanga ukuthi le cornea esanda kufakelwa nayo 'iyisihambi' bese iqala ukusebenza ngokumelene nayo. Yilokhu esikubiza ngokuthi ukwenqatshwa.
Ukuze unciphise le ngozi, udinga ukusebenzisa amaconsi amehlo isikhathi eside.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zifaka:
- Ukutheleleka kwamehlo
- Ukopha
- Ukwanda komfutho wamehlo (i-Glaucoma)
- Ukuvuza koketshezi okuvela ku-cornea etshaliwe
- I-retina ehlukanisiwe
- Izinkinga zokubona ngenxa yokugoba okungajwayelekile kwe-cornea (i-Astigmatism)
Yiziphi izimpawu uma umzimba wenqaba i-cornea?
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyikhumbule . Uma umzimba wakho wenqaba i-cornea yakho etshaliwe, ukuqaphela izimpawu nokuthola ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungasiza ekusindiseni ukubona kwakho. Khumbula lezi zimpawu:
- Ubuhlungu bamehlo: Ukuqala okusha kobuhlungu.
- Ububomvu: Iso liba bomvu kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
- Umbono onamafu: Umbono uyafiphala futhi.
- Ukuzwela ukukhanya: Ukuzizwa ungakhululekile ukubuka ukukhanya.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, shayela udokotela wakho wamehlo ngokushesha. Ungalibali. Uma ukwelashwa kuqalwe kusenesikhathi, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuguqula le nqubo yokwenqatshwa.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukululama ngokuphelele?
Isikhathi esizothathwa ukuze lokhu kwenzeke sizohluka kuye ngohlobo lokuhlinzwa okwenzile.
- Uma kwenziwa ukufakelwa ugqinsi oluphelele (i-PK) , kuzothatha cishe izinyanga eziyi-12 ukuze kubuyelwe umbono ogcwele.Ungahamba. Ngoba ngisho nezithungo ziyasuswa ngemva kwesikhashana.
- Uma kwenziwa ukufakelwa kwe-endothelial (DMEK/DSAEK) , umbono omuhle ungatholakala zingakapheli izinyanga ezintathu .
Kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezifana nokushayela nokuya emsebenzini bese wenza isinqumo ngokusekelwe eselulekweni sakhe.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa i-cornea ukufaka i-cornea ewonakele esikhundleni se-cornea ephilile. Lokhu kungabuyisela umbono ofiphele.
- Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokhetha uhlobo lokuhlinzwa olukulungele.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwamaconsi amehlo, kubalulekile ukuze ukuhlinzwa kuphumelele.
- Hlala uqaphela izimpawu zokwenqatshwa, njengobuhlungu bamehlo, ukubomvu, ukubona okufiphele njalo, noma ukuzwela ukukhanya. Uma ubona noma yikuphi kwalokhu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Kuthatha isikhathi ukululama ngokugcwele, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba nesineke nokulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
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