Ungase ukhumbule ubhubhane lwe-Covid olwaguqula izimpilo zethu. Ngaleso sikhathi esimnyama, sonke sasinethemba lesisombululo sokunqoba lo bhubhane. Ngakho-ke, umuthi wokugomela i-Covid uwukukhanya okukhulu kwalelo themba. Kodwa abantu abaningi basenemibuzo ngalo muthi wokugomela, futhi banokwesaba okuncane ezinhliziyweni zabo. Ngakho-ke namuhla, njengomngane oseduze, ake sixoxe ngalo muthi wokugomela i-Covid ngendlela elula.
Kalula nje, uyini lo muthi wokugomela i-Covid?
Umuthi wokugomela i-COVID uwukwelashwa okuqeqesha umzimba wakho ukuqaphela nokulwa nokutheleleka kwe-COVID-19 ngokushesha. Kufana nokunikeza ibutho ulwazi ngesitha ngaphambi kokuba sifike futhi usilungiselele impi. Ngenxa yalokhu kuqeqeshwa, uma uthola igciwane le-COVID, ngeke ugule nhlobo, noma uzokwazi ukusinda ngesifo esingesihle kakhulu kunomuntu ongakagonywa.
Imithi yokugomela i-Covid yokuqala yayisebenza kahle kakhulu ekulweni nohlobo lokuqala lwegciwane. Kodwa uyazi, amagciwane ayashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengesela elishintsha ukubukeka kwawo. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukushintshashintsha. Ngakho-ke lapho kuvela izinhlobo ezintsha ezifana ne-Omicron, ukusebenza kahle kwemithi yokugomela endala kwehla kancane. Yingakho imithi yokugomela ibuyekeziwe ukuze ikwazi ukubona lezi zinhlobo ezintsha.
Ingabe lo muthi omusha wokugomela umane nje uwumkhuthazi?
Nakuba abantu abaningi bebiza le mithi yokugoma emisha ngokuthi “ama-booster,” empeleni kuhlukile kancane.
- I-booster iyisilinganiso esengeziwe sohlobo olufanayo lomjovo olunikezwa ukukhulisa amasosha omzimba lapho luphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Umuthi wokugoma obuyekeziwe: Umuthi wokugoma omusha owenzelwe ukuvikela uhlobo olusha lwegciwane.
Lokhu kufana nomjovo womkhuhlane onikezwa minyaka yonke. Igciwane lomkhuhlane liyashintsha minyaka yonke, ngakho umjovo uyabuyekezwa ukuze uhambisane nalo.
Umjovo usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Ukuze siqonde lokhu, ake siqale sibheke indlela uhlelo lokuzivikela lomzimba wethu, uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba, olusebenza ngayo.
Cabanga ngale ndlela: umzimba wakho uyinqaba. Amasosha omzimba ayibutho elikuleyo nqaba. Amagciwane, njengama-virus namabhaktheriya, ayizitha.
Isitha ngasinye sinophawu olukhethekile olungasihlukanisa nezinye. Silubiza ngokuthi i-antigen. Lolu phawu lwegciwane le-Covid luyiprotheni efana ne-spike ezungeze igciwane. Lubizwa ngokuthi iphrotheni ye-spike.
Uma isitha (igciwane) singena enqabeni okokuqala, ibutho lethu lithatha isikhathi ukuthola ukuthi ngubani lesi sitha, siyini isibonakaliso saso esikhethekile, nokwenza izikhali ezifanele `(amaseli e-B)` zaso. Lokhu kuthatha isikhathi, yingakho sigula. Kodwa ngemva kokunqoba impi, ibutho lethu ligcina "Iphosta Elifunwayo" lalesi sitha, okungukuthi, inkumbulo `(amaseli e-B enkumbulo)`.
Umsebenzi womuthi wokugoma ukunikeza amasosha ethu "Iphosta Elifunwayo" lesitha ngaphambi kokuba isitha sangempela (igciwane) sihlasele. Khona-ke amasosha ethu angalifunda, athuthukise izikhali ezidingekayo zokulwa, futhi alungele.
Ngakho-ke ngesikhathi esizayo lapho igciwane le-Covid langempela lingena emzimbeni, ibutho lethu lizolibona ngokushesha, lilihlasele ngezikhali ezilungiselelwe kusengaphambili, bese lilibhubhisa ngokushesha. Yingakho singaguli, noma sithole ikesi elincane.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zemithi yokugomela i-Covid?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zemithi yokugomela i-Covid. Yenzelwe ngendlela yokungenisa leyo phrotheni ekhulayo emizimbeni yethu.
| Uhlobo lomjovo | Indlela esebenza ngayo | Izibonelo |
|---|---|---|
| imijovo ye-mRNA | Lokhu okwenzayo ukunikeza amangqamuzana ethu isethi yemiyalelo (i-mRNA) eyakha ingxenye yegciwane (iphrotheni ye-spike). Amangqamuzana ethu alandela leyo miyalelo yokwenza iphrotheni ye-spike, futhi amasosha omzimba ayayibona. | I-Pfizer-BioNTech, i-Moderna |
| Umuthi Wokugomela I-Protein Subunit | Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka ingxenye yegciwane, i-spike protein , emzimbeni. Amasosha omzimba ayayibona le protein esivele yenziwe bese efunda ukusabela kuyo. | I-Novavax |
Uzilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokugonywa?
- Uma unomkhuba wokuthatha imithi yokudambisa izinhlungu (isib. iPanadol, i-Ibuprofen), yigweme ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi yomjovo.Ungaziphuzi ngaphambi komjovo. Kodwa uma kuvela imiphumela emibi ngemva komjovo, akukho okubi ngokuziphuza njengokwelashwa.
- Thatha ikhadi lakho lokugoma.
- Ngemva komjovo, uzocelwa ukuba ulinde imizuzu eyi-15-30 ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba. Vumela isikhathi esidingekayo salokhu.
Yiziphi imiphumela emibi kanye nezingozi zomuthi wokugoma?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi wokugomela, umuthi wokugomela i-Covid ungabangela imiphumela emibi emincane. Lokhu kuvame ukuba ngcono phakathi nosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi amasosha omzimba wakho aqala ukusebenza.
Imiphumela emibi emincane evame ukubonwa:
- Ubuhlungu endaweni yokujova
- Ukukhathala
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ubuhlungu bemisipha
- Umkhuhlane omncane
Okubaluleke kakhulu, yonke le mithi yokugoma inikezwe izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele, futhi ukuphepha kwayo nokusebenza kwayo kuye kwafakazelwa . Izinkinga ezinkulu ezivela emithini yokugoma azivamile kakhulu.
| Nini lapho kufanele uthole iseluleko sezokwelapha | |
|---|---|
| Yiya esibhedlela (ETU) ngokushesha. | Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu zokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba (i-anaphylaxis). Izibonelo: ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe noma umphimbo, ukuqubuka komzimba wonke. |
| Bona udokotela wakho. | Uma uzwa ubuhlungu esifubeni, ukuphelelwa umoya, noma umuzwa wokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (lokhu kungaba izimpawu zezimo ezingavamile kakhulu njengokuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo (i-Myocarditis) noma ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwenhliziyo (i-Pericarditis). |
Ubani okungafanele athole umuthi wokugomela i-Covid?
- Uma wazi ukuthi une-allergy enkulu kunoma yini ekugonyweni.
- Uma uke waba nokusabela okukhulu kokungezwani komzimba nomthamo wangaphambilini womuthi wokugomela i-Covid.
- Uma okwamanje unegciwane le-COVID (khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthola umuthi wokugomela cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu ngemuva kokululama).
Uma ugonywa ngesikhathi une-COVID, izimpawu zakho zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ungase ukwazi nokusabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye ngesikhathi ugonywa.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umuthi wokugomela i-Covid uyindlela ephephile kakhulu futhi ephumelelayo yokuvikela i-Covid-19.
- Lokho okwenziwa yilo muthi wokugoma ukuqeqesha amasosha omzimba wakho ukuthi aqaphele futhi alwe naleli gciwane.
- Uma igciwane lishintsha, kuvamile ukuthi imithi yokugoma ibuyekezwe ukuze ibhekane nalo.
- Ubuhlungu bomzimba ngemva kokugonywa buvame ukuphela phakathi nosuku noma ezimbili, okubonisa ukuthi amasosha omzimba wakho ayasebenza.
- Uma unemibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukukhathazeka mayelana nomuthi wokugoma, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngakho nodokotela wakho .
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