Ingabe unamakristalu anjengalawa emchameni wakho? Ake sixoxe ngalokhu!

Uma wake wahlolwa umchamo futhi umbiko uthi "Amakristalu emchameni," kuvamile ukuzizwa ungakhululekile. Ungase ucabange, "Hawu Nkulunkulu wami, kuyini lokhu?" Kodwa, akuyona into engathi sína ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, namuhla sizoxoxa ngokuthi lawa makristalu ayini, ukuthi akha kanjani, nokuthi yini okudingeka siyiqaphele.

Ziyini ngempela lezi 'zikristalu' emchameni?

Kalula nje, la makristalu amancane aqala ukwakheka lapho inani lamaminerali emchameni wakho landa futhi uketshezi, okungukuthi, inani lamanzi, luncipha. Cabanga ngakho njengokuncibilikisa ushukela engilazini yamanzi. Uma kunamanzi amancane, wonke ushukela awuncibiliki bese uhlala phansi. Yilokho okwenzekayo nalapha. Lezi zingcezu ezincane ziyaqoqana futhi zakhe la makristalu. Ngokwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi `(Crystalluria)` .

Lawa matshe ngezinye izikhathi aphuma emzimbeni ngomchamo ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga. Kodwa-ke, amanye amatshe angakhula abe makhulu futhi ahlangane ndawonye ukuze akhe amatshe. Siwabiza nangokuthi amatshe ezinso . Lawa matshe angabhajwa emgudwini womchamo futhi avimbele ukugeleza komchamo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izimo ezibucayi, njengokulimala kwezinso okubukhali (AKI) noma ukwehluleka kwezinso okubukhali (ARF), kungenzeka.

Yiziphi izinhlobo zamatshe ezivame kakhulu ezitholakala emchameni?

Uma ilebhu ibheka isampula yomchamo wakho ngaphansi kwe-microscope, ungabona izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakristalu. Ikristalu ngayinye yakhiwe ngamaminerali ahlukene. Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo eziyinhloko zamakristalu ozozibona:

• I-Ammonium biurate : Lokhu kuvame ukutholakala kumchamo we-alkaline.
• I-Bilirubin : Lokhu kungabonakala uma kunenkinga ngesibindi.
• I-calcium oxalate noma i-calcium phosphate : Lezi yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamatshe ezinso. Okunye ukudla esikudlayo kungandisa ukwakheka kwawo.
• I-Cystine : Lokhu kuyinto engavamile. Lolu hlobo lwe-cyst lubangelwa yisifo sofuzo.
• I-asidi ye-Hipuric : Lokhu futhi akuvamile kakhulu.
• I-Leucine : Lokhu kungaxhunyaniswa nezinkinga zesibindi.
• I-Struvite (i-magnesium ammonium phosphate) : Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala ezifweni zomchamo.
• I-Tyrosine : Lokhu nakho akuvamile futhi kuhlotshaniswa nesifo sesibindi.
• I-Uric acid : Lokhu kungabonakala emchameni wabantu abanezimo ezifana ne-gout. Kungakheka futhi uma udla ukudla okuningi okucebile ngamaprotheni.
• I-Xanthine: Lokhu kubangelwa nayisifo esingavamile kakhulu sofuzo.

Elabhorethri, lezi zinhlobo zamakristalu zibonakala ngesimo sazo uma zibukwa nge-microscope. Amanye amakristalu angase angabi nesimo esithile, esiwabiza ngokuthi amakristalu angenawo umfuziselo . Futhi, i-asidi yomchamo wakho, noma i-`pH`, nayo ithinta uhlobo lwamakristalu akhayo.

Ubani ongakha la matshe omchamo?

Empeleni, noma ubani angaba namakristalu emchameni wakhe. Akusho ukuthi unesifo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izinhlobo ezimbili zamakristalu ezibizwa ngokuthi `(Cystine)` kanye `(Xanthine)` zikhethekile. Zibonisa izimo ezingavamile, ezizuzwa njengefa.

Abantu abanamathuba amaningi okuthola amatshe ezinso bangase babone la matshe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komchamo.

Ukuba namatshe emchameni wami kuthinta kanjani umzimba wami?

Ezinye zezinhlayiya ezisemchameni wakho zingaphuma emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokulimaza, futhi ungase ungaziboni. Lokho kusho ukuthi zingase zingabi usizo olukhulu. Kodwa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izinhlayiya zingahlangana ndawonye zakhe izinto ezifana namatshe ezinso. Yilapho-ke inkinga iphakama khona.

Lawa matshe angahlala emgudwini womchamo futhi avimbele ngokuphelele ukugeleza komchamo. Lokhu kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nomonakalo ezinso. Amanye amatshe amancane aphuma emzimbeni ngokwawo, kodwa amatshe amakhulu angadinga ukususwa ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokuba namatshe emchameni?

Esikhathini esiningi, azikho izimpawu zamatshe omchamo. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela izimpawu, zingase zihlanganise:

• Ubuhlungu emhlane noma esiswini : Lobuhlungu bungenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma sekuvele amatshe ezinso. Ngezinye izikhathi lobu buhlungu bungaba bukhulu kakhulu.
• Umkhuhlane : Uma lesi simo sivela ngokutheleleka, ungathola umkhuhlane.
• Umchamo onamafu noma onegwebu : Ukubukeka komchamo kungashintsha.
• Ukudinga ukuchama njalo : Ungase uzizwe sengathi udinga ukuchama kaningi kunokujwayelekile.
• Igazi emchameni (i-Hematouria) : Umchamo ungase ubonakale ubomvu noma upinki.
• Umchamo onephunga elibi : Umchamo ungase ube nephunga elingavamile.

Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kungcono ukubona udokotela.

Yini ebangela amatshe emchameni?

Kungaba nezizathu eziningana ezenza amatshe akheke emchameni. Ake sibheke ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko:

• Ukungaphuzi amanzi anele (Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni) : Lena imbangela eyinhloko. Uma uphuza amanzi amancane ngosuku, umchamo wakho uba mkhulu, okwandisa amathuba okuthi usawoti wamaminerali uqongelele futhi wakhe amatshe.
• Ukudla ukudla okuthile okuningi kakhuluUkudla ukudla okuningi okucebile ngamaprotheni (njengenyama, inhlanzi, amaqanda), ukudla okunosawoti omningi, kanye nezithelo nemifino ethile (isib. ukudla okune-oxalate eningi, njengesipinashi notamatisi) kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwezinhlobo ezithile zamatshe.
• Imithi ethile : Isibonelo, imithi ethile efana ne-`(Amoxicillin)`, `(Acyclovir)`, `(Sulfonamides)`, `(Atazanavir)` kanye ne-`(Methotrexate)` ingabangela ukwakheka kwamatshe emchameni.
• Ukutheleleka komgudu womchamo : Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ezinye izifo zingabangela ukwakheka kwamatshe afana ne-struvite.
• Ubuthi be-ethylene glycol : Lokhu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo. Kungabangelwa ukudla amakhemikhali athile.
• I-Tumor Lysis Syndrome : Lesi simo singabangelwa ukubhujiswa kwenani elikhulu lamaseli omdlavuza ngesikhathi esisodwa (ngokuvamile njengomphumela ongemuhle wokwelashwa komdlavuza).

Ingabe kuyathelelana ukuba nezigaxa emchameni wakho?

Cha, akunjalo nhlobo. Ukuba namakristalu emchameni, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi `(Crystalluria)`, akuthelelani. Ngisho noma unesifo somgudu womchamo, asithelelani kwabanye. Ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukhathazeke ngakho.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuthola ukuthi kukhona amatshe yini emchameni?

Udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlolwa komchamo, kungaba yingxenye yokuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke noma ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho. Le sampula yomchamo ihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope elebhu ukuze kubonakale ukuthi kukhona amatshe, futhi uma kunjalo, uhlobo luni.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela kungadingeka enze izivivinyo ezengeziwe (isib. ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukuskena) ukuze athole ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Uphatha kanjani amatshe emchameni?

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela yamaqhubu. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi simo singalawulwa ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi nokunciphisa ukudla okuthile (njengosawoti noshukela).

• Amanzi : Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza okungenani amalitha angu-2-3 amanzi ngosuku.
• Ukudla : Uma unamatshe e-calcium oxalate, ungase ucelwe ukuthi unciphise ukudla okune-oxalate eningi (isipinashi, i-rhubarb, i-beetroot, amantongomane, ushokoledi). Uma unamatshe e-uric acid, kungadingeka unciphise ukudla okune-purines eningi (inyama ebomvu, ukudla kwasolwandle, utshwala). Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma isazi sokudla okunempilo ngalokhu bese uthola iseluleko.
• Imithi : Uma lezi zigaxa zibangelwa umuthi othile, udokotela angase ashintshe umuthi noma anciphise umthamo.
• Ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo : Uma la matshe akheka ngenxa yesinye isimo sezokwelapha, njengokutheleleka komgudu womchamo noma isifo sesibindi, ukwelapha leso simo kuzonciphisa nokwakheka kwamatshe.
• Ukwelashwa kwamatshe ezinso : Uma amatshe eqoqene futhi akha amatshe amakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa noma enye inqubo ukuze asuswe.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha hhayi ukuzelapha.

Ungayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuthola amatshe emchameni?

Unganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthola amatshe omgudu womchamo kanye nezinso ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo ezilula:

• Phuza uketshezi oluningi, ikakhulukazi amanzi. Zama ukuphuza okungenani izingilazi zamanzi ezingu-8-10 ngosuku.
• Gcina isisindo somzimba siphilile. Ukukhuluphala kwandisa ingozi yokuthola amatshe ezinso.
• Nciphisa ukudla kwakho amaprotheni. Ukudla amaprotheni amaningi kungaholela ekukhuleni kwezinhlobo ezithile zamatshe.
• Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma isazi sokudla esibhalisiwe ukuze uthole ukuthi udinga i-calcium engakanani, i-oxalate, kanye ne-vitamin C ukuze uhlale uphilile. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukunciphisa i-calcium empeleni kungenza inkinga ibe yimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi kahle ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze.
• Nciphisa ukudla okucutshunguliwe. Lokhu kunosawoti omningi noshukela. Kunalokho, beka phambili imifino emisha, izithelo, nokudla okuphekwe ekhaya.

Kwenzekani uma nginalesi simo?

Esikhathini esiningi, ukuba namatshe emchameni wakho akuyona inkinga enkulu. Uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezidinga ukwelashwa, impilo yakho iyonke izoncika kulokho. Ngokulandela imiyalelo efanele nokwenza izinguquko ezimbalwa ezilula endleleni yokuphila, ungasiphatha kahle lesi simo.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma unalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma unobuhlungu noma umkhuhlane kanye nokushintsha komchamo wakho (umbala, igazi, iphunga), qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. Amatshe ezinso noma amatshe akheka kwenye indawo emgudwini womchamo (amatshe e-ureteral) angabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu. Angabangela futhi ubuthi emzimbeni, okubangela ezinye izinkinga.

Ngakho-ke, khumbula, amakristalu emchameni (i-Crystalluria) avame kakhulu. Angabonakala emchameni wabantu abaphile kahle ngokuphelele, kanye nasemchameni wabantu abanezimo ezithile zezokwelapha. Angatholakala ngisho nangengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komchamo okuvamile. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela la makristalu ukuthi akheke ukuphuza uketshezi olwanele.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

• Amakristalu emchameni akhiwa lapho ukugcwala kwamaminerali emchameni kukhuphuka futhi ukugeleza kwawo kwehla.
• Nakuba amanye amakristalu engenangozi, amanye angahlangana ndawonye futhi abangele izinkinga ezifana namatshe ezinso.
• Izimbangela eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ukungaphuzi amanzi anele, ukudla okuthile, imithi ethile, kanye nokutheleleka komgudu womchamo.
• Nakuba izimpawu zingaveli ngaso sonke isikhathi, ubuhlungu, umkhuhlane, kanye nezinguquko emchameni zingase zibonakale.
• Lesi simo singalawulwa ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi, ukulawula ukudla kwakho, kanye nokwelashwa kwezokwelapha uma kudingeka.
• Uma unezimpawu ezihlobene namatshe ezinso (ubuhlungu obukhulu, umkhuhlane, umchamo onegazi), funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Khumbula njalo, ukuphuza amanzi amaningi kuzokuvikela ezinkingeni eziningi ezinjengalezi.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela womndeni wakho. Hlala uphilile!

Amatshe omchamo, amatshe ezinso, ukuhlolwa komchamo, i-Crystalluria, impilo, ukudla, amanzi