Ingabe ukhathele ukuzizwa udangele, ukhathazekile, futhi ungakwazi ukugxila kunoma yini? Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuzwakale sengathi ulwa nale mizwa wedwa. Kodwa awuwedwa. Ukucindezeleka kuyisimo esingelapheka. Ukuthola usizo ngakho akusibo ubuthakathaka, kungamandla amakhulu kakhulu ongawanikeza wena. Ngakho ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ngakho.
Ukhetha kanjani ukwelashwa okufanele wena?
Uma welapha ukucindezeleka, akukho uhlelo lokwelapha olufanela wonke umuntu. Kufana nokuthunga isudi, kufanele ilungiselelwe wena. Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlelo lokwelapha olungcono kakhulu oluhambisana nawe ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lokucindezeleka onalo kanye nobunzima balo.
Ngokuvamile kunezingxenye eziningana eziyinhloko kulolu hlelo lokwelashwa:
- Ukwelapha ngengqondo: Lokhu kuhilela ukukhuluma ngezinkinga zakho nomeluleki wezempilo yengqondo oqeqeshiwe.
- Imithi: Imithi ebizwa ngokuthi imithi yokucindezeleka.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kunomthelela omuhle kakhulu engqondweni.
Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zinto zodwa zingase zinganikezi impumuzo eyanele. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Uma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angase acabangele nokwelashwa kokuvuselela ubuchopho, njengokuthi `(Ukwelashwa Nge-Electroconvulsive - ECT)`.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubekezela. Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola imithi efanele kanye nomthamo ofanele wena. Futhi, zama ukuthola udokotela noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha okulula ukukhuluma naye futhi okuqonda kangcono. Ukuba nesineke nomqondo ovulekile njengoba uqhubeka nalolu hambo kuzokusiza kakhulu ukuthi ululame ngokushesha.
Isebenza kanjani imithi yokucindezeleka?
Sibiza lezi zinhlobo zemithi yokucindezeleka ngokuthi imithi yokucindezeleka . Zisiza ekunciphiseni ukudabuka kwakho, ukuphelelwa yithemba, nokukhathazeka futhi zithuthukise isimo sakho sengqondo.
Kalula nje, kuhlobene nezithunywa zamakhemikhali ebuchosheni bethu. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamakhemikhali ezisiza ekulawuleni imizwa yethu. Ziyi -serotonin, i-norepinephrine, kanye ne-dopamine . Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi ebuchosheni bomuntu onesifo sokucindezeleka, izifunda ezisebenzisa la makhemikhali azisebenzi kahle. Imithi yokucindezeleka isebenza ngokulawula umsebenzi walezi khemikhali ngezinga elithile bese iphinda isebenze kahle lezo zifunda. Yilokho okwenza isimo sakho sengqondo sibe ngcono.
Ngidinga ukuthatha lo muthi isikhathi esingakanani?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi uqhubeke uthatha imithi yakho isikhashana ngemuva kokuzizwa ungcono. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokubuya kwezimpawu zakho. Ukuthi udinga ukuthatha imithi yakho isikhathi esingakanani kuzoncika ezimpawini zakho, ukuthi sezithuthuke kangakanani, nokuthi uke waba nokucindezeleka yini ngaphambili. Ngakho-ke ungayeki ukuthatha imithi yakho kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho ekuyala.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi yokucindezeleka?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi yokucindezeleka. Uma uthatha noma yimiphi eminye imithi, amavithamini, izithasiselo, noma amakhambi, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho ngazo, njengoba eminye imithi ingasebenzisana.
Ake siqonde lezi zinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Indlela esebenza ngayo kalula | Izibonelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ama-SSRI (Ama-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) | Uhlobo oluvame ukunconywa odokotela. Luthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin ebuchosheni. | I-Fluoxetine, i-Sertraline, i-Citalopram, i-Escitalopram |
| Ama-SNRI (Ama-Serotonin kanye nama-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) | Kuthinta ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali obuchopho abizwa ngokuthi i-serotonin ne-norepinephrine. | I-Venlafaxine, i-Duloxetine, ne-Desvenlafaxine |
| Ama-Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) | Lena uhlobo lomuthi oludala kancane. Nakuba lusebenza kahle njenge-SNRI, alunikezwa kuqala ngoba lunemiphumela emibi eyengeziwe. | I-Amitriptyline, i-Imipramine |
| Ama-MAOI (Ama-Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors) | Lezi yimithi yokuqala yokucindezeleka esetshenziswayo. Inikezwa kuphela uma eminye imithi ingakasizi. Ngesikhathi uthatha le mithi, kufanele ugweme ngokuphelele ukudla okuthile, njengoshizi nenyama egugile, kanye nemithi ethile (njengemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu). | I-Phenelzine, i-Isocarboxazid, i-Selegiline (i-patch) |
Ukwelapha ngengqondo kuyisici esinamandla amakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwemithi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kakhulu, ukwelashwa ngenkulumo kuyindlela yokwelapha ephumelela kakhulu yokucindezeleka. Kubizwa nangokuthi "i-Talk Therapy." Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlangana nodokotela wezifo zengqondo, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo, noma omunye umeluleki wezempilo yengqondo oqeqeshiwe ukuze ukhulume ngemizwa yakho.
Inhloso yalolu hlobo lokwelapha iwukuba:
- Kukusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi yini ebangela ukucindezeleka kwakho.
- Ukukufundisa ukuthi ungayilawula kanjani imizwa yakho futhi ubhekane nayo.
- Ukufundisa izindlela ezintsha zokubhekana nezinselele zempilo.
Izindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha ngenkulumo
Lokhu kwelashwa kungenziwa ngendlela ekufanele.
- Ukwelashwa komuntu ngamunye: Nguwe kuphela nomelaphi ohlanganyelayo.
- Ukwelashwa kweqembu: Ukukhuluma nabanye ababhekene nezinkinga ezifanayo nezakho kuyindlela enhle yokuzizwa unamandla nokuqaphela ukuthi awuwedwa.
- Ukwelashwa kwemibhangqwana: Kusiza umlingani wakho aqonde isimo sakho.
- Ukwelashwa komndeni: Kukufundisa ukuthi umndeni wakho ungakusekela kanjani.
Phakathi kwezindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko , i-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) kanye ne-Interpersonal Therapy yizona ezithandwa kakhulu. I-CBT ikusiza ukuthi ubone amaphethini akho okucabanga angemahle futhi uwashintshe.
Yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha?
Ngaphezu kwemithi kanye nokwelashwa ngokukhuluma, kunezinye izindlela eziningana zokwelapha.
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba
Ukuzivocavoca kuyindlela enhle yokwelapha ukucindezeleka okuncane. Ukuzivocavoca imizuzu engu-45-60, izinsuku ezingu-3-5 ngesonto, kungasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu. Kodwa khumbula, ungadinga imithi noma ukwelashwa kanye nokuzivocavoca.
Izindlela Zokwelapha Zokukhuthaza Ubuchopho
Lezi zisetshenziselwa izimo zokucindezeleka ezinzima kakhulu ezingazange zisabele kunoma yiluphi olunye ukwelashwa.
- Ukwelashwa Nge-Electroconvulsive (ECT): Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale lesabisa, lokhu kuyindlela yokwelapha ephephile kakhulu futhi ethuthukisiwe. Kwenziwa ngenkathi uphumule ngokuphelele futhi ulele. Udokotela uthumela ukushaqeka kukagesi okufushane kakhulu, okungenabuhlungu ebuchosheni bakho. Kusetshenziselwa ukunikeza imiphumela esheshayo ezigulini ezisengozini yokuzilimaza ngoba ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zithatha isikhathi eside ukusebenza.
- Ukukhuthazwa Kwamagnetic Kwe-Transcranial (TMS): Lokhu kuhilela ukubeka i-coil yamagnetic phezu kogebhezi nokuvuselela izingxenye zobuchopho ezilawula isimo sengqondo. Akudingi i-anesthesia.
- Ukukhuthazwa Kwemizwa Yesitho Sangasese Sowesifazane (VNS): Idivayisi encane ifakwa ngokuhlinzwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba, okuvuselela imizwa yesitho sangasese sowesifazane entanyeni.
Zonke lezi zindlela zokwelapha zenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kodokotela abangochwepheshe. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uyazidinga noma cha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukucindezeleka akusona ubuthakathaka, kuyisifo esingelapheka.
- Kungathatha isikhathi ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele (imithi, ukwelashwa) kwakho, ngakho-ke bekezela.
- Ungalokothi uqale, uyeke, noma ushintshe umthamo wemithi ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi noma izithasiselo ozithathayo.
- Ukwelashwa ngokukhuluma kanye nokuzivocavoca kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile zokwelapha njengemithi.
- Ukucela usizo kuyakunika amandla. Kunabantu abangakusiza. Awuwedwa.
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