Sonke siyakhathalela isikhumba sethu, akunjalo? Akukho esingakwenza ukuze sisigcine siphilile futhi sihle. Kodwa bewazi ukuthi isikhumba sethu asiyona nje ungqimba olulodwa, kodwa siyisitho esimangalisayo esakhiwe yizingqimba ezintathu eziyinhloko? Ndawonye, lezi zingqimba ezintathu zivikela konke okungaphakathi emzimbeni wethu, okuhlanganisa izitho, amathambo, nemisipha. Namuhla, sikhuluma ngengqimba ephakathi ebaluleke kakhulu, i-dermis .
Kalula nje, iyini i-dermis?
Kulula kakhulu. Ungqimba oluphakathi lwesikhumba sakho lubizwa ngokuthi i-dermis. Ngezinye izikhathi lubizwa ngokuthi 'i-corium'. Liyigama lesiLatini. Lungqimba olujiyile kakhulu lwesikhumba sethu.
Nazi izingqimba ezintathu eziyinhloko zesikhumba sethu:
- I-Epidermis: Lena ungqimba oluncane, oluphezulu kakhulu esingalubona.
- UDermis: Lolu ungqimba esikhuluma ngalo namuhla, olujiyile kakhulu phakathi nendawo, lapho iningi lezinto ezibalulekile likhona.
- I-Hypodermis: Lena ungqimba olujulile kakhulu. Yilapho iningi lamafutha ligcinwa khona.
Ingabe zikhona ezinye izendlalelo ngaphakathi kwe-dermis?
Yebo, lolu ngqimba oluphakathi olubizwa ngokuthi i-dermis luhlukaniswe futhi lwaba izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko. Lezi ezimbili ndawonye zakha i-dermis ephelele. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini lezo zingxenye ezimbili.
| Ingqimba engaphansi kwesikhumba | Incazelo elula ngakho |
|---|---|
| I-Papillary Dermis | Lena ungqimba oluncane kakhulu phezu kwe-dermis. Ukuze kube sobala, yilapho i-epidermis, ungqimba oluphezulu, inamathele khona. Izendlalelo ezimbili zihlanganiswe ndawonye ngokuqinile, njengeminwe ehlangene. Lolu ngqimba luqukethe imithambo yegazi, ama-corpuscle e-Meissner, nama-phagocytes, alwa namagciwane. |
| I-dermis ye-reticular | Lena yingxenye ejiyile kakhulu yedermis, ngaphansi kwayo. Yilapho kutholakala khona izinwele zethu, izindlala zokujuluka, izindlala zamafutha, imithambo yegazi emikhulu, kanye nemizwa. Le ngxenye izungezwe inethiwekhi yezicubu ezixhumanisayo ezibizwa ngokuthi idermis.Kukhona inethiwekhi yemicu ye-collagen ne -elastin . Le micu yiyo enika isikhumba sethu amandla nokunwebeka kwaso. |
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Epidermis ne-Dermis?
Nakuba lezi zombili ziyizingqimba ezimbili eziphezulu zesikhumba, kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi ezimbili. Ngokuqondile, i-epidermis ifana nophahla lwendlu, kanti i-dermis ifana nezindonga nezinsika ezinikeza isisekelo namandla alolo phahla, indlu yonke.
Cabanga ngakho, i-epidermis, ungqimba oluphezulu lwesikhumba sethu, luncane kakhulu. Kodwa i-dermis ungqimba olukhulu kakhulu lwesikhumba. Isizathu salokho amaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi i-collagen ne-elastin aqukethwe yiyo.
Ake siwuqonde kahle lo mehluko.
| Isici | I-Epidermis - ungqimba oluphezulu | I-Dermis - ungqimba oluphakathi |
|---|---|---|
| Ubukhulu | Ingqimba yesikhumba encane kunazo zonke. | Ungqimba olukhulu kakhulu lwesikhumba. |
| Imisebenzi eyinhloko | Ukuvikelwa elangeni, ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana esikhumba amasha, ukukhiqizwa kwe-melanin, okunikeza isikhumba umbala waso, kanye nokulondolozwa komswakama womzimba. | Ukunikeza isikhumba amandla nokuguquguquka, umuzwa, ukujuluka kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamafutha, ukukhiqizwa kwezinwele. |
| Okuqukethwe | Ngokuyinhloko amangqamuzana esikhumba (amaKeratinocyte) kanye namaseli akhiqiza i-melanin (amaMelanocyte). Awekho imithambo yegazi. | Iqukethe konke kusukela emithanjeni yegazi, iziphetho zemizwa, ama-follicle ezinwele, ama-sweat glands, ama-oil glands, i-collagen, kanye ne-elastin. |
Iyiphi insizakalo enikezwa yi-dermis emizimbeni yethu?
I-dermis ayiyona nje ingqimba ephakathi. Ihlinzeka ngenkonzo enkulu emzimbeni wethu.
- Ukondla i-Epidermis: Njengoba i-epidermis ingenayo imithambo yegazi, ithola izakhamzimba nomoya-mpilo eyidingayo emithanjeni yegazi ese-dermis. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusinda kwe-epidermis kuncike ngokuphelele ku-dermis.
- Ukuzwa: Uzizwa kanjani ukushisa, ukubanda, ubuhlungu, noma ingcindezi uma othile ethinta umzimba wakho? Iziphetho zemizwa ezikusiza uzizwe zonke lezi zinto zitholakala kulolu ngqimba lwe-dermis.
- Ukukhiqizwa kojuju: Siyajujuluka uma sishisa noma sicindezelekile, akunjalo? Izindlala zojuju ezikhiqiza lojuju zitholakala ku-dermis. Ukujujuka kusiza ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wethu.
- Ukugcina isikhumba simanzi futhi sicwebezela: Isikhumba sikhiqiza uhlobo lwamafutha ukuze sivimbele ukuthi some futhi sinikeze isikhumba umswakama odingekayo. Lawa mafutha abizwa ngokuthi i-sebum . Ama-sebaceous glands akhiqiza la mafutha atholakala ku-dermis.
- Ukukhiqizwa Kwezinwele: Izinwele emzimbeni wakho zikhiqizwa yizimbotshana zezinwele. Lezi zimbotshana zezinwele zitholakala ngaphakathi kwesikhumba.
Zikhona yini izifo ezithinta i-dermis?
Yebo. Kunezimo ezahlukahlukene ezithinta i-collagen, i-elastin, kanye nemithambo yegazi ku-dermis. Ezinye zalezi zingaba yizakhi zofuzo.
Nazi ezinye izibonelo:
- I-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: Lesi yisimo sofuzo esithinta isikhumba, amalunga, kanye nezindonga zemithambo yegazi. Isikhumba siyanwebeka kakhulu.
- I-Hives/Urticaria: Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba esikhumbeni okubangela ukuvuvukala kwesikhumba, okuholela ekuqhekekeni okubomvu nokulumayo ebusweni besikhumba.
- I-Marfan syndrome: Lesi futhi yisifo esithinta izakhi zofuzo esithinta izicubu ezixhumeneyo.
- Umdlavuza wesikhumba (i-dermal melanoma eyinhloko): Ezinye izinhlobo ezingavamile zomdlavuza wesikhumba zingaqala ku-dermis.
- I-Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma): Kulokhu, isikhumba siba sikhulu futhi siqine ngoba umzimba ukhiqiza i-collagen eningi kakhulu.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zalezi zifo?
Izimpawu zesifo esithinta i-dermis zingafaka:
- Ukunwebeka noma ukunciphisa isikhumba ngokweqile.
- Ukuhamba kwamalunga ngokweqile (ukunyakaza okukhulu).
- Ukubhoboza ngisho nento encane kakhulu.
- Ukuvuvukala namabala abomvu esikhumbeni.
- Amabala aqinile, alumayo esikhumbeni.
Uma unezimpawu ezinjengalezi, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu bese ucela iseluleko.
Uyigcina kanjani i-dermis iphilile?
Ukugcina i-dermis iphilile, edlala indima ebaluleke kangaka esikhumbeni sethu, kubaluleke kakhulu. Akudingeki wenze lutho olukhethekile ngayo. Landela le mikhuba elula.
- Yakha imikhuba emihle yokunakekela isikhumba: Phuza okungenani izingilazi zamanzi ezingu-8 ngosuku. Lokhu kugcina isikhumba sakho sinamanzi ngaphakathi. Sebenzisa insipho ethambile, engagugiyo ukugeza umzimba wakho. Faka i-moisturizer enhle ngemva kokugeza.
- Hlanza inxeba kahle: Noma ngabe liyinxeba elincane, ligeze kahle ngensipho namanzi ahlanzekile. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka. Bese ufaka into efana ne-petroleum jelly bese uyimboza ngebhandeji elihlanzekile.
- Zivikele elangeni: Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside elangeni kulimaza imicu ye-collagen ne-elastin esikhumbeni. Yingakho isikhumba sishwabana futhi siguga ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, sebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga okungenani esine-SPF 30 uma uphuma. Uma kungenzeka, gqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide nesigqoko.
Uma wenza lezi zinto ngendlela efanele, ungalondoloza i-dermis, evikela amandla nempilo yesikhumba sakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-dermis iwungqimba oluphakathi nolukhulu kakhulu lwezingqimba ezintathu eziyinhloko zesikhumba sethu.
- Lolu ngqimba luqukethe i-collagen ne-elastin, okunikeza isikhumba amandla nokuqina.
- Yonke imizwa esiyizwayo (ukushisa, ukubanda, ubuhlungu), ukujuluka, nokugcina isikhumba simanzi kulawulwa yizinzwa nezindlala eziku-dermis.
- Ukuze isikhumba sakho sigcine siphilile, kubalulekile ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, uzivikele elangeni, futhi ugcine isikhumba sakho simanzi.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile esikhumbeni sakho (amabala, imihuzuko, ukoma ngokweqile), akukaze kube sekwephuzile ukukhuluma nodokotela ngakho.
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