Akukho okubi njengokukhwehlela kanye nekhala elicijile uma unomkhuhlane. Awukwazi ukuphefumula kahle, awukwazi ukulala ebusuku, futhi awukwazi ukwenza lutho. Ngakho-ke uma uya kudokotela ngesikhathi esinjengalesi, angase akunike isiraphu yokulawula lezi zimpawu. Namuhla, sikhuluma ngomunye umuthi ohlanganisiwe ovame ukusetshenziswa. Unezithako ezintathu ezihlanganisiwe.
Luhlobo luni lomuthi lolu?
Kalula nje, lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yemithi emithathu, ngayinye eyenza umsebenzi ohlukile.
1. I-Dextromethorphan: Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukulawula ukukhwehlela . Kuvimba okwesikhashana isignali yokukhwehlela eya ebuchosheni.
2. I-Phenylephrine: Lokhu kuyisidakamizwa sokukhulula ukuminyana kwegazi . Kuncishisa okwesikhashana imithambo yegazi ngaphakathi kwekhala, kunciphisa ukuminyana kwamakhala kanye nekhala eligobhozayo.
3. I-Pyrilamine: Lona umuthi wokulwa nokuvuvukala osetshenziswa ekwelapheni ukungezwani komzimba . Ulawula izimpawu zokungezwani komzimba njengokulunywa, ikhala eligobhozayo kanye nokuthimula.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lo muthi ulawula kuphela izimpawu zomkhuhlane noma ukungezwani komzimba. Awukwazi ukwelapha ukutheleleka emzimbeni wakho.
Izinto okudingeka uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Kulungile, manje lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuba udokotela wakho akunike lo muthi, kuzodingeka azi umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele. Ikakhulukazi uma unezinye zezimo zezokwelapha ezilandelayo, kufanele nakanjani utshele udokotela wakho .
- Isifuba somoya
- Izifo zemithambo yegazi
- Isifo sikashukela
- I-Eczema noma ezinye izifo zesikhumba
- I-Glaucoma, isimo sokucindezeleka okukhulu emehlweni
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu noma isifo senhliziyo
- Isifo sezinso noma sesibindi
- Izinkinga ze-prostate noma ubunzima bokuchama
- Izilonda zesisu noma ezinye izifo zesisu
- Isifo se-thyroid
- Uma une-allergy kunoma yiziphi izithako ezikulo muthi noma kunoma yimuphi omunye umuthi, ukudla, noma isilondolozi.
- Uma ukhulelwe, noma ulindele umntwana maduze
- Uma ungumama oncelisayo
Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani umuthi?
Qaphela la maphuzu uma usebenzisa lo muthi.
- Lesi isiraphu esiphuzwa ngomlomo.
- Thatha umthamo oshiwo udokotela wakho, ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungawuthathi kaningi noma ngokweqile.
- Ungasebenzisi izipuni zasekhaya noma izipuni zokulinganisa ukulinganisa umuthi. Azinembile. Sebenzisa kuphela inkomishi noma isipuni esikhethekile esiza nomuthi noma esingatholakala ekhemisi futhi esingalinganiswa ngokunembile ngama-milliliters (ml).
- Uma kunikezwa izingane: Nakuba lo muthi ngezinye izikhathi unikezwa izingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka emibili ubudala, kufanele wenziwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela wezingane. Ungawuniki izingane wedwa.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65: Abantu asebekhulile bangase bazizwe kakhulu ngemiphumela yalo muthi, ngakho-ke bavame ukunikezwa umthamo ophansi.
Yini okufanele uyenze uma uthatha umuthi omningi kakhulu?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uthathe umthamo ongaphezu kobekiwe walo muthi, ungalibali. Shayela ngokushesha i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital . Noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ezinye izinto ezingase zihlangane nalo muthi
Uma uthatha lo muthi, kungase kube nokusabela okungekuhle (ukusebenzisana) nezinye izinto ozisebenzisayo. Ngakho-ke qaphela nalokhu.
| Ukusebenzisana Kwezidakamizwa | |
|---|---|
| Ungasebenzisi umuthi ngalezi zinto. | |
| Eminye imithi emidala yokucindezeleka ibizwa ngokuthi ama-MAOI (isib., i-Carbex, i-Eldepryl, i-Marplan, i-Nardil, i-Parnate). Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma uthatha noma yimuphi wale mithi. | |
| Uma uhamba nalezi, buza udokotela wakho. | |
| Utshwala noma yimuphi umkhiqizo oqukethe utshwala | Imiphumela emibi yomuthi (ukozela) ingaba mibi kakhulu. |
| Imithi yokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ezinye izifo zengqondo | Ukozela kanye neminye imiphumela emibi kunganda. |
| Imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu | Kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kahle kweminye imithi. |
| Amaphilisi okulala | Ubuthongo obukhulu bungase buvele. |
| Eminye imithi yokukhwehlela kanye nomkhuhlane | Umuthi ofanayo omningi kakhulu ungangena emzimbeni. |
Lolu hlu lungase lungaphelele, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (ngisho namavithamini, amakhambi, kanye nezithasiselo).
Imiphumela emibi engaba khona yokuthatha umuthi
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lo ungabangela imiphumela emibi kwabanye abantu. Eminye yayo iyingozi, eminye ivamile.
| Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha. | |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe, noma ulimi. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula | Ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuphefumula okusheshayo. |
| Izinguquko zombono | Umbono ofiphele. |
| Izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo | Ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho ishaya ngokushesha noma ngokungajwayelekile. |
| Izinguquko zomfutho wegazi | Ukwenyuka noma ukwehla okukhulu komfutho wegazi. |
| Izinkinga zengqondo nezezinzwa | Ukungaphumuli, ukucasuka, ukuthuthumela, ukuxhuzula. |
| Izinkinga zokuchama | Ubunzima bokuchama noma ushintsho enanini lomchamo owukhiqizayo. |
| Ukukhathala okungavamile | Ukuzizwa ukhathele kakhulu noma ubuthakathaka. |
| Uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka noma ziba nzima, tshela udokotela wakho. | |
| Ikhanda elibuhlungu | Ubunzima bokulala |
| Isifiso sokudla | Ukuzwela kwesikhumba elangeni |
| Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza | Isisu esibuhlungu |
Ungawugcina kanjani umuthi?
- Yigcine iphephile futhi ikude nezingane. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Gcina endaweni yokushisa yegumbi (phakathi kwama-degree Celsius angama-20 kuya kwangu-25).
- Gcina kude nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kanye nomswakama.
- Gcina isivalo sebhodlela sivaliwe kahle.
- Lahla umuthi ophelelwe yisikhathi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Lo muthi uyinhlanganisela yemithi enikezwa ukulawula izimpawu zomkhuhlane kanye nokungezwani komzimba, njengokukhwehlela kanye nokuminyana kwamakhala. Awulaphi izifo.
- Ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi, tshela udokotela wakho ngazo zonke izimo zezokwelapha onazo kanye nayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo.
- Sebenzisa isipuni noma inkomishi ekhethekile kuphela enesilinganiso esifanele ukukala umuthi. Ungazisebenzisi izipuni zasekhishini ekhaya.
- Lo muthi ungakwenza ulale, ngakho gwema ukushayela nokwenza imisebenzi edinga ukuqaphela. Gwema ukuphuza utshwala ngokuphelele.
- Uma usola ukuthi uphuze umuthi omningi kakhulu, xhumana ngokushesha ne-National Poisons Information Centre noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela esiseduze (i-ETU).
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela emibi, njengobunzima bokuphefumula, ukuvuvukala okukhulu, noma ukuklwebheka, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyengeziwe (ama-FAQ)
💬 Amaphilisi e-Alosetron (Alosetron / Lotronex) ayisisombululo sokugcina sasiphi isifo?
Lona akuwona umuthi ojwayelekile! Lona umuthi onamandla kakhulu (5-HT3 receptor antagonist) ongasetshenziswa ekugcineni (Restricted/REMS) onikezwa ngqo 'Abesifazane kuphela' abane-'IBS-D' (Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Diarrhea) enzima, futhi okungekho omunye umuthi ongawuqeda, futhi lokho kukuvumela ukuthi ulawule uhudo olunzima kanye nobuhlungu besisu obuphazamise impilo yakho!
💬 Iphilisi (i-Alosetron) elinikezwa laba besifazane liqeda kanjani ukuqaqamba kwesisu/uhudo olunzima uma yonke eminye imithi ingaphumeleli?
Imizwa eminingi emathunjini abesifazane ithintwa/izwela kakhulu kumakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi 'iSerotonin (5-HT3)'! Lapho nje lo muthi ungena esiswini, uvimba ama-receptor e-serotonin angu-100% (5-HT3) kulawo mathumbu bese uwavala. Njengoba kungekho ndlela yokuthi umyalezo uhambe, ukuzwela kakhulu kwemizwa (i-Visceral hypersensitivity) kuyanyamalala ngokushesha futhi ukuphuthuma kokukhipha indle kanye nobuhlungu besisu kuyanyamalala.
💬 Kungani amazwe amaningana emhlabeni wonke evimbele leli philisi? Yiziphi izingozi ezibulalayo (Izixwayiso Zebhokisi Elimnyama)?
Izingozi zimbi kakhulu! Ingozi enkulu ukuthi lokhu kumisa ukugeleza kwegazi esiswini futhi amathumbu abole ngo-100% (Ischemic Colitis)! Lapho isiguli siphuma igazi ngokuzumayo esiswini, kufanele silaliswe esibhedlela, kanti abanye baze bafe. Futhi, lokhu kungabangela ukuqunjelwa kufinyelele esigabeni sokugcina esibi kakhulu (Severe Complicated Constipation), futhi amathumbu angavaleka futhi aqhume, ngakho-ke lokhu kufanele kuthathwe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqondisa okukhethekile kukadokotela.
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