Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, cishe usuqalile ukuzivocavoca nokulawula ukudla kwakho. Lokho kuyinto enhle. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, kungaba nzima ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngendlela yokuphila enempilo yodwa. Yilapho udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi uqale ukuphuza imithi.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemithi yesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili: amaphilisi kanye ne-insulin . Zombili zisiza ukugcina amazinga kashukela egazini lakho esondelene nokuvamile. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba uma amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ephakeme isikhathi eside, kungenzeka ukuthi ube nezimo ezibucayi njengokulimala kwemizwa, izinkinga zokubona, izinkinga zezinso, kanye nesifo senhliziyo.
Ngakho-ke, yimaphi amaphilisi noma i-insulin engcono kakhulu kuwe? Ngaphambi kokuthi ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngalokhu, ake sixoxe ngemininingwane eyengeziwe.
Izinhlobo zamaphilisi esifo sikashukela
Uma usanda kutholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, udokotela wakho cishe uzoqala ngokukunikeza uhlobo oluthile lwemithi. Le mithi ayithathi indawo ye-insulin ye-hormone, kodwa ingasiza umzimba wakho:
- Khiqiza i-insulin eningi.
- Sebenzisa i-insulin ekhiqizwa ngumzimba ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu.
- Amazinga kashukela egazini aphansi.
Unganikwa omunye wale mithi noma inhlanganisela yemithi embalwa. Ake sibheke izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi.
I-Metformin
Kalula nje, lo umuthi wokuqala ovame kakhulu odokotela abawunikeza isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ufika ngephilisi kanye noketshezi. I-Metformin isebenza ngokuyinhloko ngokunciphisa inani likashukela elenziwa yisibindi sakho kanye nokusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi usebenzise i-insulin kangcono. Ungase futhi unikezwe eminye imithi yesifo sikashukela kanye nayo. Lo muthi ungakusiza futhi ukuthi wehlise isisindo.
Kodwa-ke, uma unesifo sesibindi, izinkinga zezinso, noma izimo zenhliziyo, noma uma uphuza utshwala ngokweqile, ungase ungakwazi ukuthatha i-Metformin. Ezimweni ezinjalo, amazinga kashukela egazini lakho angase abe phansi ngendlela eyingozi noma kungenzeka isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-lactic acidosis .
Ama-Sulfonylurea
Le mithi isebenza ngokusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi ukhiqize i-insulin eningi. I-Glimepiride (Amaryl), i-Glipizide (Glucotrol), kanye ne-Glyburide (DiaBeta) ngezinye zezibonelo zalolu hlobo lwemithi. Kodwa-ke, ingabangela ukukhuluphala kanye noshukela wegazi ophansi (hypoglycemia).
Ama-Meglitinides
Le mithi iphinde ivuselele ama-pancreas ukuthi akhiqize i-insulin eningi. Kodwa-ke, isebenza ngokushesha kune-sulfonylureas, kodwa ihlala isikhathi eside. I-Repaglinide (Prandin) kanye ne-Nateglinide (Starlix) ziphakathi kwale mithi. Imiphumela emibi ingafaka ushukela wegazi ophansi kanye nokukhuluphala.
I-Thiazolidinediones
Lokhu kusebenza ngokwenza izicubu zomzimba wakho zizwele kakhulu kwi-insulin. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kusiza umzimba wakho ukuthi usebenzise i-insulin ngempumelelo. I-Rosiglitazone (Avandia) kanye ne-Pioglitazone (Actos) ziyimithi kuleli klasi. Kodwa ngokuvamile zinikezwa kuphela uma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehlulekile ngenxa yengozi yemiphumela emibi emibi, njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye ne-anemia.
Ake sifingqe lezi zinhlobo zemithi ngendlela elula ukuyiqonda.
| Isigaba Sezidakamizwa | Indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo | Imiphumela emibi evamile |
|---|---|---|
| Ama-DPP-4 Inhibitors (Isibonelo: Sitagliptin (Januvia)) | Kwehlisa kancane amazinga kashukela egazini. | Ubuhlungu bamalunga, ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas (i-pancreatitis). |
| Izithibi ze-SGLT2 (isib., i-Dapagliflozin (Farxiga), i-Empagliflozin (Jardiance)) | Kuvimbela izinso ukuthi zingamunci i-glucose emzimbeni futhi ziyikhiphe emchameni. | Ingozi yokutheleleka kwezifo zomchamo, umfutho wegazi ophansi, kanye ne-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela. |
| Ama-GLP-1 Receptor Agonists (Isibonelo: Iphilisi le-Semaglutide (Rybelsus)) | Kusiza umzimba ukuthi ukhiqize i-insulin eningi ngemva kokudla. | Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukwehla kwesisindo, ikhanda elibuhlungu. |
Kunini lapho kudingeka khona i-insulin?
Uma ungakwazi ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngamaphilisi kuphela, udokotela wakho angase akuqalise nge-insulin. I-insulin yinto oyitholayo njengomjovo.
Kungani ungakwazi ukugwinya i-insulin njengephilisi? Isizathu siwukuthi, noma ungayigwinya kanjalo, izobhujiswa ngokuphelele ngesikhathi senqubo yokugaya ukudla esiswini sethu. Ngakho-ke ngeke ibe usizo. Yingakho inikezwa njengomjovo.
Kukhona nezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-insulin, ezihluka ngokuthi zisebenza isikhathi esingakanani.
- I-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside: Ayingeni egazini kuze kube amahora ambalwa ngemva kokujova, kodwa igcina amazinga kashukela egazini elawulwa amahora angama-24. Odokotela bavame ukuncoma lolu hlobo lwe-insulin ebusuku kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
- I-insulin esebenza phakathi nendawo: Lokhu kuqala ukusebenza phakathi kwamahora ambalwa futhi kuhlala kusebenza phakathi kwamahora ayi-12 kuya kwangu-18.
- I-insulin ejwayelekile noma "esebenza ngokushesha": Ingena egazini cishe isigamu sehora ngemva kokujova futhi isebenza phakathi kwamahora amathathu nayisithupha.
- I-insulin esebenza ngokushesha: Iqala ukusebenza cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokujova, kodwa isebenza isikhathi esifushane, cishe amahora amabili kuya kwamane.
Esikhathini esidlule, odokotela babenikeza i-insulin njengendlela yokugcina. Kodwa manje, ngoba ingalawula amazinga kashukela egazini ngokushesha, kunezikhathi lapho i-insulin ingaqalwa kusenesikhathi. Umphumela oyinhloko we-insulini ushukela ophansi egazini (i-hypoglycemia) .
Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho
Ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe yisinqumo wena nodokotela wakho enizosenza ndawonye. Noma yimuphi umuthi onconywayo, qiniseka ukuthi ubuza ngalezi zinto.
- Iyini imiphumela emibi yomuthi ngamunye?
- Amanani abo anjani?
- Ngingawusebenzisa kanjani lo muthi?
- Lomuthi kufanele ugcinwe kanjani?
Futhi, funda kahle ukuthi ungabona kanjani ukuthi izinga likashukela egazini lakho liphansi kakhulu (hypoglycemia), nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma kwenzeka. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili yisimo esidinga ukuphathwa kahle. Ukuthatha imithi kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo kungaba yinto ebalulekile.
- Odokotela bavame ukuqala ngemithi efana ne-metformin.
- Uma ungakwazi ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngamaphilisi kuphela, kuzodingeka usebenzise imijovo ye-insulin.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngaso sonke isikhathi mayelana nokwelashwa okukulungele. Buza noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.
- Qaphela izimpawu zokwehla koshukela egazini (hypoglycemia) nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma kwenzeka.
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