Ingabe unesifo sikashukela? Noma ingabe ilungu lomndeni wakho noma umngane wakho unikezwe i-insulin yesifo sikashukela ngudokotela? Ngakho-ke cishe unemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi iyini i-insulin, yiziphi izinhlobo ze-insulin ezikhona, nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani. Abantu abaningi bayesaba kancane igama elithi insulin. Kodwa akukho lutho okufanele ulwesabe. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngakho konke lokho, ukuze sithole izimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo onayo engqondweni yakho, ngendlela elula kakhulu.
Okokuqala, iyini i-insulin?
Kalula nje, i-insulin iyi-hormone ekhiqizwa yimizimba yethu. Yenziwa yisitho esibizwa ngokuthi ama-pancreas ethu. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi oyinhloko walo insulin ukusiza ushukela (i-glucose) owengezwa egazini elivela ekudleni esikudlayo, ungene emangqamuzaneni omzimba futhi usize lawo mangqamuzana ukuthi athole amandla awadingayo. I-insulin isebenza njengesihluthulelo esivula umnyango wendlu.
Kodwa kumuntu onesifo sikashukela (i-Diabetes Mellitus), umzimba ungase ungakhiqizi i-insulin eyanele, noma i-insulin ekhiqizwayo ingase ingasebenzi kahle. Yilapho-ke kufanele sithathe i-insulin ngaphandle, njengomuthi. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini.
- Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kumele bathathe i-insulin ngoba ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin emizimbeni yabo sekucishe kume ngokuphelele.
- Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili bangase badinge i-insulin ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa abantu abaningi bangalawula ushukela wegazi labo ngezinye izinhlobo zamaphilisi kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila.
Ingabe kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-insulin?
Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-insulin ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela. Lezi zihlukaniswa ngokwezinga eziqala ukusebenza ngalo emzimbeni kanye nokuthi zihlala isikhathi esingakanani. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olufanele wena.
Ake siqonde lezi zinhlobo ngokucacile kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo lwe-insulini | Isikhathi sokuqala | Isikhathi esiphezulu | Ubude besikhathi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ukusebenza okusheshayo Isibonelo: i-Novolog, i-Humalog | Kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-15 | Kungakapheli amahora angu-1-2 | Cishe amahora angu-3-5 |
| Okusebenza isikhathi esifushane / Okuvamile Isibonelo: i-Humulin R | Kungakapheli imizuzu engama-30-60 | Kungakapheli amahora angu-2-4 | Cishe amahora angu-5-8 |
| Ukusebenza okuphakathi nendawo Isibonelo: iHumulin N, iNovolin N | Kungakapheli amahora angu-1-2 | Kungakapheli amahora angu-4-12 | Cishe amahora ayi-12-18 |
| Isebenza isikhathi eside Isibonelo: iLantus, iLevemir, iBasaglar | Kungakapheli amahora angu-1-2 | Isebenza ngendlela efanayo usuku lonke, cishe ayinawo umphumela ophakeme. | Cishe amahora angama-24 |
| Kuxutshwe kusengaphambili Isibonelo: I-Humalog Mix 70/30 | Kuyahlukahluka kuye ngohlobo (imizuzu eyi-15-60) | Kuyahlukahluka ngohlobo (I-Double Peak) | Cishe amahora ayi-10-16 |
I-insulin ye-Glargine (isib. i-Lantus) iwuhlobo olusebenza isikhathi eside. Uma ijovwa kanye ngosuku, ihlanganisa izidingo zomzimba ze-insulin eyisisekelo cishe amahora angama-24.
Yiziphi izindlela zokungenisa i-insulin emzimbeni?
Kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko zokuthatha i-insulin. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukhethe indlela elula kakhulu futhi ekufanele.
- Amasirinji: Lena yindlela yendabuko esetshenziswa abantu abaningi. Lokhu kuhilela ukudonsa umthamo ofanele we-insulin kusuka ebhodleleni ungene kwisirinji bese uwufaka ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
- Amapeni: Lawa afana namapeni. Anekhatriji ye-insulin kuwo. Akudingeki ukuthi ukhiphe umuthi ebhodleleni. Ungawufaka kalula umthamo oqondile. Abiza kancane kunesirinji, kodwa kulula kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa.
- Amaphampu: Lawa amadivayisi amancane, agqokwayo aletha inani elincane le-insulin emzimbeni ngezikhathi ezithile. Angasetshenziswa futhi ukuletha i-bolus ye-insulin ngemva kokudla.
- Ama-inhalers: Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu eSri Lanka. I-insulin esebenza ngokushesha uhlobo lwe-insulin olungaphefumulwa. I-Afrezza ingenye yalezo zinhlobo.
Yiziphi izindawo ezingcono kakhulu zokufaka i-insulin?
Isivinini lapho i-insulin imuncwa khona emzimbeni singahluka kuye ngokuthi uyijova kuphi. Indawo engcono kakhulu nenconywa kakhulu yisisu (indawo yesisu) ngoba i-insulin imuncwa emzimbeni ngendlela efanayo lapho. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ijovwe okungenani amasentimitha amabili ukusuka engonweni.
Izindawo ezilandelayo ezinhle kakhulu yizingalo ezingaphezulu (ingalo engenhla), amathanga, kanye nezinqe .
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungajovi endaweni efanayo njalo. Uma uqhubeka nokujova endaweni efanayo, kungakheka amaqhubu noma izibazi ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Uma lokho kwenzeka, i-insulin ngeke imuncwe kahle. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe isendaweni efanayo, shiya isikhala esingaba ngumunwe phakathi kwendawo yokujova yangaphambili.
Ngingayikhetha kanjani uhlobo lwe-insulin olungilungele?
Lokhu akuyona into ongazinqumela yona wedwa. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela isimo sakho bese ekunikeza uhlobo lwe-insulin noma inhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezikulungele. Uzocabangela izici eziningi lapho enza leso sinqumo, okuhlanganisa:
- Indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo ku-insulin.
- Indlela yakho yokuphila (lokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo, ukuthi uvivinya umzimba kangakanani).
- Ungajova kangaki ngosuku?
- Uhlola kangaki amazinga kashukela egazini lakho?
- iminyaka yakho.
- Imigomo yakho yokulawula ushukela.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi ye-insulin?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-insulin ingaba nemiphumela emibi, kodwa lokhu kuvame ukuphathwa.
- Ushukela wegazi ophansi kakhulu (i-Hypoglycemia):Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu futhi ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqaphele. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nokujuluka, ukuthuthumela, indlala enkulu, ukungaphumuli, kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kufanele uphuze into emnandi ngokushesha (ushukela, i-glucose, isiphuzo esimnandi).
- Ukwanda kwesisindo: Ungase uthole isisindo uma uqala ukusebenzisa i-insulin.
- Amaqhubu noma izibazi ezindaweni zokujova: Lokhu kungenzeka uma uqhubeka nokujova endaweni efanayo.
- Ukuqubuka noma ukulunywa endaweni yokujova.
Ungayigcina kanjani i-insulin ngendlela efanele?
Ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza kahle kwe-insulin, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyigcina ngendlela efanele.
- Gcina njalo amabhodlela noma amapeni angasetshenziswanga esiqandisini. Kodwa ungalokothi uwagcine efrijini. Ungavumeli i-insulin iqine.
- Ungagcina ibhodlela lakho lamanje noma ipeni ekushiseni kwegumbi (cishe izinsuku ezingama-28-30), kodwa ligcine kude nokukhanya kwelanga okuqondile nokushisa okukhulu.
- Bheka i-insulin vial ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa. Izinhlobo ezisebenza ngokushesha kanye nezisebenza ngokushesha kufanele zibe uketshezi olucacile. Izinhlobo ezisebenza phakathi nendawo kufanele zibe nobisi futhi zibe namafu, kodwa akufanele zibe namaqhubu.
- Uma i-insulin yakho ishintshe ukubukeka noma isiphelelwe yisikhathi, ungayisebenzisi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-insulini iwumuthi osindisa impilo obalulekile ekulawuleni isifo sikashukela. Ungesabi.
- Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-insulin. Udokotela wakho kuphela onganquma uhlobo kanye nomthamo ofanele wena.
- Ungalokothi ushintshe uhlobo lwakho lwe-insulin, umthamo, noma isikhathi somjovo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
- Uma ufaka i-insulin, shintsha indawo esikhundleni sokuyifaka endaweni efanayo nsuku zonke. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga zesikhumba.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina i-insulin ngendlela efanele. Qaphela ukuthi yiziphi okufanele zigcinwe esiqandisini nokuthi yiziphi ezingagcinwa endaweni yokushisa yegumbi.
- Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka nge-insulin, qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
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