Wake wezwa ngamahlule egazi ahamba ngemithambo yegazi engaphakathi kwemizimba yethu? Eqinisweni, amahlule egazi abaluleke kakhulu ukuze kumiswe ukuphuma kwegazi lapho imizimba yethu ilimele. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphandle kwesizathu, uma amahlule egazi ehlangana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, kungaba yingozi kancane. Ngoba la mahlule egazi angavimba ukuhamba kwegazi futhi abangele izinkinga ezinkulu. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuhlinzwa okukhethekile ukususa lawo mahlule egazi kubizwa ngokuthi i-Embolectomy. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, kuyini i-Embolectomy?
I-Embolectomy ukususwa kwehlule legazi elinamathele emthanjeni wegazi (umthambo wegazi). Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi i-thrombectomy. Kukhona umehluko omncane phakathi kwala magama amabili. Ake sikuqonde lokho futhi.
Cabanga ngehlule legazi elakheka emthanjeni omkhulu wegazi emlenzeni wakho. Uma leli hlule legazi lihlala endaweni yalo, silibiza ngokuthi i-thrombus . Manje cabanga ngengxenye encane yaleli hlule legazi ephukayo, lihambe negazi, bese liya emaphashini akho bese libhajwa emthanjeni omncane wegazi lapho. Ngokufanayo, ihlule legazi elakheka endaweni eyodwa, lihambe liye kwenye indawo bese libhajwa libizwa ngokuthi i-embolus .
Ngakho-ke, ngamafuphi, i-Thrombectomy ukususwa kwehlule legazi (`thrombus`) endaweni yokwakheka kwalo. I-Embolectomy ukususwa kwehlule legazi (`embolus`) elihambile laze lanamathela kwenye indawo. Kodwa-ke, kulezi zinsuku, la magama amabili avame ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenziwa udokotela ohlinzayo noma udokotela oqeqeshwe ngezindlela ezingangenisi kakhulu igazi. Kuye ngokuthi ihlule legazi likuphi, lokhu kungaba ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo kakhulu . Uma ihlule livimba ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi esithweni esibalulekile emzimbeni, kungaba yingozi empilweni.
Ubani odinga lokhu kuhlinzwa futhi ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo?
I-Deep Vein Thrombosis yisimo lapho kwakheka khona ihlule legazi emthanjeni ojulile emlenzeni. Uma leli hlule legazi liphuka liye emaphashini, lingabangela isimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Pulmonary Embolism . Uma lesi simo singenakulawulwa ngemithi, udokotela angase anqume ukwenza i-Embolectomy.
Ngokuvamile, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuthola amahlule egazi kunabanye. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yezici eziningana.
- Kulabo abanesifo senhliziyo
- Kulabo abanokukhuluphala ngokweqile
- Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
- Ezimweni zomdlavuza
- Kubantu abanezifo ezithile zofuzo ezithinta ukujiya kwegazi
Kungani udokotela angancoma lokhu kuhlinzwa?
Iningi labantu abanegazi eliqhekekile baqale banikwe imithi yokunciphisa igazi, kodwa ukuhlinzwa kungadingeka ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Uma ungenakunikezwa imithi yokunciphisa igazi noma imithi yokunciphisa igazi nganoma yisiphi isizathu.
- Uma, naphezu kokunikeza leyo mithi, ihlule legazi lingancibiliki futhi isimo siba sibi kakhulu.
- Kukhona ingozi yesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-paradoxical embolism , okungenzeka ukuthi ihlule legazi lidlule embotsheni encane enhliziyweni liye esithweni esibalulekile njengobuchopho.
Ngokuvamile, isinqumo esinjengalesi senziwa yithimba lodokotela abahlangana ndawonye bahlole isimo sesiguli ngokucophelela.
Ake sifunde isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kanjani.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko. Udokotela uzokhetha indlela engcono kakhulu kuye ngobukhulu nendawo lapho igazi liqhekekile khona.
Kwenzekani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa?
Ngesikhathi bekulungiselela ukuhlinzwa, ithimba lezokwelapha lizolungiselela ukuhlolwa okudingekayo kanye nemishini.
- Uma kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile (i-Surgical Embolectomy), kuzokwenziwa amalungiselelo okuskena okubizwa ngokuthi i-transesophageal echocardiogram ukuze kuqashwe ukusebenza kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa.
- I-catheter embolectomy isebenzisa umshini we-ultrasound ukuthola indawo eqondile lapho igazi liqhekekile khona kanye nendlela ye-X-ray ebizwa ngokuthi i-angiogram ukuqondisa i-catheter.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenziwa yiphi indlela yokuhlinzwa, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu.
Kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa
Ithebula elingezansi lizosisiza siqonde ngokucacile umehluko phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili nokuthi zenziwa kanjani.
| Indlela | Indlela okwenziwa ngayo |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Catheter Embolectomy | Akukho mehluko omkhulu kulokhu.
|
| Ukuhlinzwa Okuvulekile (Ukuhlinzwa Kwe-Embolectomy) | Kulokhu, isifuba siyavulwa bese kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa.
|
Ezinye iziguli zinedivayisi encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-vena cava filter efakwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi amahlule egazi esikhathini esizayo angahambi aye emaphashini.
Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa sekuqediwe, uma uhlinzwe ngokuvulekile, ukusikwa ngaphakathi nangaphandle kuzothungwa, bese ukhishwa emshinini wenhliziyo namaphaphu. Uma uhlinzwe nge-catheter, ukusikwa okuncane kuzoqiniswa futhi kuboshwe ngebhandishi.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, cishe uzokwenza okulandelayo:
- Kuzodingeka uqhubeke nokuphuza ama-anticoagulant ukuze unciphise igazi lakho.
- Kuzodingeka uphinde uhlolwe (i-Transthoracic echocardiogram) ukuze uhlole ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.
- Kungase kudingeke uhlale egunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ake sixoxe futhi ngezinzuzo nezimbi (izingozi)
Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa, lolu lunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi.
Lokhu kuhlinzwa akulona olwawo wonke umuntu, kodwa kungaba yindlela engcono kakhulu kulabo abangakwazi ukuthatha imithi yokunciphisa igazi, abangasabeli kuyo, futhi abanezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu, ukuze bathole ukululama okusheshayo.
Nokho, kubalulekile ukuthi sazi ngezingozi ezihambisana nalokhu kuhlinzwa.
| Izingozi Zokuhlinzwa Kwe-Embolectomy | |
|---|---|
| Izingozi Zendlela Ye-Catheter (Engenabungozi Kancane) | |
| Ukopha | Ukopha kungenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo emthanjeni wegazi. |
| Ukulimala kwenhliziyo | Ukulimala kwenhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile (i-arrhythmia) kungenzeka. |
| Ihlule legazi elisele | Kungase kungenzeki ukususa ngokuphelele ihlule legazi. |
| Izingozi zokuhlinzwa okuvulekile | |
| Ukopha okukhulu | Ukopha ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa. |
| Isifo senhliziyo | Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo (i-supraventricular tachycardia - SVT) kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo kungase kwenzeke. |
| Ezinye izingozi | Ukwehluleka kwezinso, ukutheleleka, futhi akuvamile ngisho nokufa. |
Ukululama kanye nesikhathi sokubonana nodokotela futhi
Kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Uzovunyelwa ukuya ekhaya uma ukuphefumula kwakho kanye nokusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho sekubuyele esimweni esijwayelekile. Ukululama kuvame ukushesha ngemva kwenqubo ye-catheter kunangemva kokuhlinzwa okuvulekile.
Esikhathini esidlule, inani elikhulu labantu abenza lokhu kuhlinzwa lashona. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka kwesayensi yezokwelapha, leso simo sishintshe kakhulu . Namuhla, ingozi yokufa ngenxa yalokhu kuhlinzwa yehle yaya phakathi kuka-5% no-16%. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abantu abangu-73% abenze lokhu kuhlinzwa basaphila futhi baphila kahle ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu.
Nakani lezi zimpawu!
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngokushesha .
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Izimpawu zokutheleleka endaweni yokusikwa (ukuvuvukala, ukubomvu, ukuphuma kobomvu)
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo
- Ukopha okungavamile
Zibukeka zifana, kodwa zihlukile! (Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha)
Kunezinye amagama ambalwa azwakala efana ne-embolectomy. Ake sibheke umehluko phakathi kwawo.
Ukususwa kwe-Embolectomy kanye nokususwa kwe-Endarter
I-Embolectomy ukususwa kwehlule legazi. I-Endarterectomy ukususwa kwamafutha anqwabelanayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuvimbela ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Embolectomy kanye ne-Thrombolytic
I-Embolectomy inqubo engokomzimba ehilela ukususa ihlule legazi ngokuhlinzwa. Ukwelashwa nge-thrombolytic kuhilela ukufaka umuthi emthanjeni ukuze kuncibilikiswe ihlule legazi emzimbeni. Lo muthi ngezinye izikhathi ungabangela ukopha kwezinye izindawo, njengobuchopho.
Njengoba ubona, kunezindlela eziningi ezahlukene zokwelapha amahlule egazi. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kuwe futhi okuphephile kuwe. Uma wena noma othile omaziyo ehlelelwe ukwenza lolu hlobo lokuhlinzwa, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Embolectomy ukususwa kwehlule legazi eliyingozi elinamathele emthanjeni wegazi.
- Lokhu kwenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: nge-catheter (ipayipi elincane) nangokuhlinzwa kwesifuba okuvulekile.
- Lokhu kuhlinzwa kungasindisa impilo yeziguli ezingasabeli noma ezingakwazi ukuphuza imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
- Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlinzwa, lokhu kunezingozi, kodwa ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bezokwelapha besimanje, izinga lempumelelo liphezulu kakhulu.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu besifuba ngemva kokuhlinzwa, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
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