Ingabe kukhona inkinga ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho? Ake sifunde nge-Endothelial Dysfunction.

Wake wacabanga ukuthi imithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu ibaluleke kangakanani? Ifana nemigwaqo emincane ethwala imiyalezo nezakhamzimba emizimbeni yethu yonke. Ngakho-ke kwenzekani uma kukhona ubuthakathaka elangeni elithambile ngaphakathi kwale migwaqo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-endothelium? Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ``Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwe-Endothelial''. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu kakhudlwana, kulungile?

Kuyini Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwe-Endothelial?

Kalula nje, i-Endothelial Dysfunction yilapho ungqimba oluncane lwamaseli ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho olubizwa ngokuthi i-endothelium lungasebenzi kahle. Lawa maseli e-endothelial ngokuvamile asiza ukugcina imithambo yegazi yakho ivulekile (ivulekile) uma kudingeka. Kodwa uma lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kwenzeka, kwenzeka okuphambene nalokho. Okusho ukuthi, imithambo yegazi iqala ukufinyela futhi inciphe.

Cabanga ngakho njengepayipi lamanzi. Uma ulwelwesi olungaphakathi lungalungi, kuzoba nzima ukuthi amanzi adlule, akunjalo? Yilokho okwenzekayo. Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi simo yisimo esibizwa ngokuthi "i-Vasospasm" esihlobene nemithambo yenhliziyo. Kulokhu, yize kungekho lutho oluvinjiwe ngaphakathi kwemithambo yakho yenhliziyo, imithambo iba mincane. Futhi, "i-Endothelial Dysfunction" kwandisa ingozi ye-"Atherosclerosis", okuwukugcwala kwamafutha ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi nokunciphisa imithambo yegazi.

Ngakho-ke iyini indima yale endothelium?

Yonke imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wethu (okungukuthi imithambo yegazi, imithambo yegazi, ama-capillary) ingaphakathi ligcwele ungqimba olulodwa lwamaseli abizwa ngokuthi amaseli e-endothelial. Ubuwazi, le endothelium ingenye yezinhlelo zezitho ezinkulu emzimbeni wethu!

Amaseli e-endothelial akhipha izinto ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zinto zilawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwemithambo yegazi (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Vascular Tone". Le "Vascular Tone" inquma umfutho wegazi wethu, nokuthi inhliziyo kufanele iphompe igazi kanzima kangakanani.

Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa i-endothelium yakho ngokwayo yenza eminye imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile:

• Ilawula uketshezi kanye nama-electrolyte egazini lakho.
• Kusiza ukujiya kwegazi uma kudingeka.
• Kuvimbela ubuthi ukuthi bungangeni ezicutshini.
• Ilawula ukuvuvukala kwezicubu.

Cabanga nje ukuthi lolu ngqimba oluncane lwamaseli lusebenza kangakanani emzimbeni wethu!

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-endothelial?

Isikhathi eside, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha babecabanga ukuthi i-endothelium yayimane nje iyisithiyo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Kodwa kamuva kwaqashelwa ukuthi lokhu futhi kuyisimiso esibalulekile sezitho zomzimba. Yilapho lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi ``Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwe-Endothelial`` singabhekwa njengesifo esihlukile.

Lokhu kutholakala kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1990, okusho ukuthi lesi simo asizange sitholakale isikhathi eside. Ngakho ochwepheshe abakakwazi ukusho ukuthi sisakazeke kangakanani kubantu.

Kungani lokhu kungasebenzi kahle kwe-endothelial kwenzeka?

Isizathu esiyinhloko salesi simo ukuthi akwanele igesi ebizwa ngokuthi i-Nitric Oxide (NO) ngaphakathi kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi yakho. Into emangalisayo ukuthi, le nitric oxide ikhiqizwa yi-endothelium yakho uqobo! Le nitric oxide iyi-"(Vasodilator)", okusho ukuthi ivula imithambo yegazi futhi ivumele igazi ukuthi ligeleze ngokukhululeka.

Ngakho-ke, kwenzekani uma amazinga e-nitric oxide ehla?

• Imithambo yegazi iyancipha: Lokhu kungaholela ekucindezelekeni kwegazi okuphezulu.
• Ukuvuvukala kwenzeka ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi: Lokhu kungaholela ekuqineni kwemithambo yegazi, noma ekuqineni kwemithambo yegazi.
• Ukukhiqizwa kwama-platelet kuyanda: Lokhu kungabangela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Izindonga zemithambo yegazi ziba nezimbobo: Lokhu kuveza izicubu kuma-lipoprotein ayingozi kanye nobunye ubuthi.

Yiziphi izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-Endothelial?

Uphawu oluyinhloko lwesifo semithambo yenhliziyo (ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-endothelial) yi -angina , okuwubuhlungu besifuba. Lobuhlungu besifuba buvela ngoba imithambo yakho ivaleka ngesikhathi okufanele ivuleke. Lobuhlungu besifuba buvame ukuba bubi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.

Abanye abantu bangase babe nobuhlungu besifuba obuqhubekayo (`Angina`) ngisho noma bengenzi lutho. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, izimpawu zifaka phakathi ubuhlungu besifuba obuqhubekayo, ukukhathala okukhulu, kanye nokuphelelwa umoya. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yalokhu? (Izici Eziyingozi)

Izici ezithile zingandisa ingozi yakho yokuthola i-Endothelial Dysfunction. Usengozini enkulu uma unezimo ezilandelayo:

• Isifo Sikashukela (`Isifo Sikashukela`)
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension)
• Izinga likashukela eliphezulu egazini (`i-Hyperglycemia`)
• I-Cholesterol Ephezulu
• Isifo Sokushiswa Kwemithambo Yegazi
• Ukubhema
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Ezinye izifo ezizimele

Yiziphi ezinye izimo ezingabangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Endothelial?

Lesi simo (Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwe-Endothelial) sandisa ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi (Izifo Zenhliziyo Nemithambo yegazi) kanye nezinye izifo eziningi. Isibonelo:

• I-Atherosclerosis kanye Nesifo Semithambo Yenhliziyo
• Amahlule Egazi Nokushaywa Yisifo Sohlangothi
• Inhliziyo ekhulisiwe (i-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy)
• Ukuhlaselwa Yinhliziyo Nokwehluleka Kwenhliziyo
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (i-Hypertension)
• Ukwehluleka Kwezinso
• Isifo Semithambo Engasogwini (i-PAD)
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wamaphaphu (PH)
• Isifo Semithambo Emincane (Isifo Semithambo Emincane Yenhliziyo)

Yiziphi izinkinga zalesi simo?

Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwe-Endothelial Kungaholela esimweni esibizwa ngokuthi i-Acute Coronary Syndrome . Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo ezintathu zesifo semithambo yenhliziyo. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuthi kube nokugcwala kwamafutha (i-plaque) ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi eqhumayo. Ukugcwala okunjalo kungavimba ukugeleza kwegazi emisipheni yenhliziyo futhi kubangele ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo.

Lesi sifo sitholakala kanjani ? (Ukuxilongwa)

Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezahlukene zezithombe ukuze babheke ngqo ukuthi igazi ligeleza kanjani emithanjeni yegazi. Lezi zivivinyo zingasiza udokotela ukuthi abone ukuthi kukhona yini izimpawu zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-endothelial. Lezi zivivinyo zifaka:

• I-Electrocardiogram (`I-Electrocardiogram - EKG`)
• I-Angiogram, okuhlanganisa ne-Coronary Computed Tomography Angiogram (CCTA).

Futhi, ezinye izivivinyo "zokuthwebula izithombe zokucindezeleka" zingasetshenziswa ukubona ukuthi ukugeleza kwegazi emithanjeni yakho yegazi kunciphile yini, okungase kubangele inhliziyo yakho ukuthi isebenze kanzima. Izibonelo:

• I-Echocardiogram (`I-Echocardiogram - i-echo`)
• I-MRI (`MRI`)
• I-Positron Emission Tomography (i-PET scan)

Kuphathwa kanjani lokhu? (Ukwelashwa)

Uma unesifo semithambo yenhliziyo noma ye-peripheral (COPD) ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-endothelial, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi ethile. Isibonelo:

• I-aspirin noma imithi yokunciphisa igazi.
• Imithi elawula umfutho wegazi, njengemithi yokuvimba iziteshi ze-calcium.
• Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol efana nama-statin.
• Imithi evula imithambo yegazi, njenge-nitrate.

Futhi, uma une-Endothelial Dysfunction, unganciphisa izimpawu zakho ngokwenza izinguquko zokudla kanye nendlela yokuphila . Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo nokuzivocavoca njalo.
• Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Yehlisa isisindo (uma kudingeka) futhi ugcine isisindo esinempilo.
• Ukuthola izindlela ezinempilo zokuphatha ukucindezeleka .
• Thola usizo lokuyeka ukubhema futhi ugweme ukubhema intuthu ebhemayo.
• Ukulawulwa okuhle kwezimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu.

Iyini imbono yabantu abane-Endothelial Dysfunction?

Ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-Endothelial kungelashwa ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila kanye nemithi.Kuyisimo esingelapheka kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu abanesifo semithambo yenhliziyo esingenakuvimbela (i-NOCAD) bangase baqhubeke nobuhlungu esifubeni naphezu kokwelashwa.

Lolu hlobo lobuhlungu besifuba obungapheli lungaphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Lungaphinde luholele ezimweni ezifana nokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka. Ukwelashwa kwengqondo, imithi, kanye namasu okulawula ukucindezeleka kungasiza.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezilandelayo, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula
• Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo (isib. ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba, ubuhlungu obuvela engalweni yesobunxele, ubuhlungu emhlathini, ukujuluka, isicanucanu)
• Ukukhathala ngokweqile ngaphandle kwesizathu

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Kungani ngibe nalesi simo (Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwe-Endothelial)?
• Ingabe ngidinga imithi?
• Yiziphi izinguquko endleleni yokuphila kanye nokudla okufanele ngizenze?
• Ingabe ngisengozini yokuthola isifo senhliziyo? Ngingayinciphisa kanjani leyo ngozi?
• Ingabe kufanele ngiqaphele izimpawu zezinkinga?

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwe-Endothelial uhlobo lwesifo semithambo yegazi yenhliziyo. Uma kungekho nitric oxide eyanele ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi yakho, imithambo yegazi iyancipha. Lokhu kuncipha kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni. Lesi simo sibangela i-angina, noma ubuhlungu besifuba, futhi sandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.

Into engcono kakhulu ukuthi, uma uyibona kusenesikhathi futhi uthola ukwelashwa okufanele, kanye nokwenza izinguquko endleleni yakho yokuphila, unethuba elikhulu lokuzivikela ezifweni zenhliziyo ezimbi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ungazinaki izimpawu. Uma ungabaza, kuwukuhlakanipha ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kwe- Endothelial, Isifo Senhliziyo, Imithambo Yegazi, I-Angina, I-Nitric Oxide, Umfutho Wegazi, I-Cholesterol