Ingabe uvame ukuzizwa ukhathele futhi ukhathele ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo? Ingabe ubuye ube nomkhuhlane ophansi, umphimbo obuhlungu, kanye nomphimbo obuhlungu? Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lokhu kumane nje kuyisifo somkhuhlane ovamile, kodwa ngemuva kwalezi zimpawu kungase kube negciwane elivame kakhulu emhlabeni, kodwa asikhulumi kakhulu ngakho. Leli yigciwane le-Epstein-Barr, noma i-EBV ngamafuphi.
Iyini igciwane le-Epstein-Barr (EBV)?
Kalula nje, i-EBV ingenye yamagciwane avame kakhulu emhlabeni. Idluliselwa kakhulu ngamathe ethu. Cabanga nje, ivame kakhulu kangangokuthi cishe abantu abadala abangama-95% bake batheleleka ngaleli gciwane esikhathini esithile empilweni yabo. Esikhathini esiningi, abazi nokuthi likhona.
Leli gciwane lingelomndeni we-Herpesvirus. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, `(Herpesvirus 4)`. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, lokhu kuhlukile ezinhlotsheni ze-herpes esivame ukukhuluma ngazo. Into ekhethekile ngegciwane le-EBV ukuthi uma selingene emzimbeni wakho, leli gciwane lihlala emzimbeni wakho impilo yonke. Kodwa alihlali libangela izifo. Esikhathini esiningi, lihlala lilele emzimbeni. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi lapho amasosha ethu omzimba ebuthaka, lingaphinde livuseleleke futhi libangele izimpawu.
Isifo esiyinhloko nesiyaziwa kakhulu esibangelwa yileli gciwane yi-"Mononucleosis." Abanye abantu basibiza nangokuthi "Isifo Sokuqabulana." Isizathu ukuthi sidluliselwa kalula ngokuqabulana.
Ziyini izimpawu zokutheleleka nge-EBV?
Kungathatha cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha ukuthi ube nezimpawu ngemuva kokutheleleka yileli gciwane. Kodwa usengasabalalisa igciwane kwabanye phakathi naleso sikhathi. Uma izimpawu zivela, zivame ukufana nezomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane. Lezi zimpawu zincane kakhulu ezinganeni ezincane. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kungabi nazimpawu nhlobo.
Kodwa-ke, kubantu abasebasha, ikakhulukazi abasebasha, izimpawu zingabonakala kakhulu. Ukukhathala okukhulu kuvame kakhulu phakathi kwabo.
Ithebula elingezansi libala izimpawu ezivame kakhulu zokutheleleka nge-EBV.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukukhathala | Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ulala kangakanani. |
| Imfiva | Ukuzizwa ushisa, umkhuhlane izinsuku eziningana. |
| Umphimbo obuhlungu | Umphimbo obuhlungu obuhlungu uma ugwinya, amathonsi avuvukile. |
| Izindlala ezivuvukele entanyeni | Ama-lymph node avuvukele ezindaweni ezifana nentamo nasemakhwapheni. |
| Ubuhlungu bemisipha | Ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nobuhlungu. |
| Ukuqhuma kwesikhumba | Abanye abantu bangase babe nokuvuvukala okubomvu emizimbeni yabo. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwe-spleen nesibindi | Lokhu kungatholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa ngudokotela. |
Ezimweni eziningi, uzoqala ukuzizwa ungcono zingakapheli amasonto amabili kuya kwamane, kodwa ukukhathala kungaqhubeka izinyanga eziningana.
Igciwane le-EBV lidluliselwa kanjani?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, leli gciwane liyathelelana kakhulu. Lisakazeka kakhulu ngamathe. Yingakho i-'Mononucleosis' ibizwa nangokuthi "Isifo Sokuqabulana". Ngaphandle kwalokho, lingasakazeka ngezinye izindlela eziningana.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungalithola leli gciwane ngisho nakumuntu ongenazo izimpawu.
| Indlela yokudlulisela |
|---|
| Ukukhwehlela kanye nokuthimula. |
| Ukuphuza enkomishini efanayo noma ukudla epuletini elifanayo nomuntu onegciwane. |
| Ukwabelana ngezinto zakho siqu njengezibhulashi zamazinyo nezinto zokusila. |
| Ngokuthinta izinto ezifana namathoyizi afakwa yizingane ezincane emilonyeni yazo. |
| Ngocansi (ngoketshezi lomzimba). |
Ake sifunde ngokuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa.
Ukuthola kanjani lokhu, Dokotela?
Kunzima ukubona ukuthi unesifo se-EBV yini ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho zodwa, ngoba izimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhathala, nomphimbo obuhlungu zingafana nomkhuhlane ovamile noma umkhuhlane. Ngakho-ke, uma unalezi zimpawu, kungcono ukubona udokotela bese uhlolwa.
Uma udokotela wakho ekuxilonga, uzobheka ukuthi kukhona yini udende noma isibindi esikhulu, noma amabala amhlophe kuma-tonsils akho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungase ucelwe ukuthi uhlole igazi ukuze uthole ukuthi uqinisekile. Lokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi kuhlola ama-antibodies awenziwe ngumzimba wakho ngokumelene negciwane. Lokhu kungakutshela ukuthi unesifo okwamanje noma uke waba naso esikhathini esidlule.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Ngenxa yokuthi i-EBV iyigciwane, ayinakwelashwa ngama-antibiotic. Eqinisweni, akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-EBV okwamanje. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi baphenya ngemithi ethile.
Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kuhloswe ukulawula izimpawu.
- Phumula ngokwanele. Ungazami ukuya emsebenzini noma esikoleni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunzima kangakanani ngomzimba wakho.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi kanye noketshezi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela umzimba wakho ukuthi ungaphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Uma umphimbo ubuhlungu, hlanza ngamanzi anosawoti afudumele. Noma, ungamunca i-ice pop noma i-lozenge.
- Ungathatha umuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu njengeParacetamol noma i-Ibuprofen onconywe udokotela wakho ngenxa yomkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bomzimba .
- Ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obubukhali ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwenkinga nge-spleen.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukugwinya. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo.Shayela u-1990 ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
- Ukuphuma komchamo okuncane kakhulu. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki ngemva kwamasonto angu-4-6 noma uma ziba zimbi kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela futhi. Kungaba olunye ukutheleleka.
- I-EBV igciwane elivame kakhulu emhlabeni, elidluliselwa ngamathe. Abantu abaningi bazoyithola ngesikhathi esithile empilweni yabo.
- Izimpawu eziyinhloko ukukhathala, umkhuhlane, umphimbo obuhlungu, kanye nezindlala ezivuvukele entanyeni. Lezi zifana nezimpawu zomkhuhlane ovamile.
- Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalokhu. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuphumula ngokwanele, uphuze uketshezi, bese welapha izimpawu.
- Uma igciwane selingene emzimbeni, lihlala lilele emzimbeni impilo yonke. Lingaphinde lisebenze uma amasosha omzimba encipha.
- Uma uzwa izimpawu ezinzima njengobunzima bokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Ungabelani ngezinto ezifana nezinkomishi, izipuni, noma amazinyo nomuntu onezimpawu.
Isexwayiso: Unganiki izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-19 i-aspirin ngoba ingabangela isimo esingavamile kodwa esibi esibizwa ngokuthi i-'Reye's syndrome'.
Ngisho noma uqala ukubuyela emsebenzini noma esikoleni, qala kancane. Gwema imisebenzi engalimaza ubende, njengezemidlalo nokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, okungenani inyanga yonke.
Izinkinga ezibangelwa yi-EBV
Nakuba izimo eziningi zokutheleleka nge-EBV zizikhawulela zona, ezinye izinkinga ezingavamile zingavela. Kubalulekile ukuzazi lezi. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi lezi azivamile kakhulu.
| Izinkinga ezingaba khona | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubende obuqhekekile | Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo. Ubuhlungu obungazelelwe, obubukhali ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesisu kungaba uphawu lwalokhu . |
| Izinkinga zesistimu yezinzwa | Ukutheleleka kobuchopho kanye nomgogodla, njenge-meningitis kanye ne-encephalitis. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo (i-Myocarditis) | Ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo. |
| Ingozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza | Kwandisa ingozi yezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza, njenge-Burkitt's lymphoma, i-Hodgkin's lymphoma, kanye nomdlavuza womphimbo ongaphezulu. |
Kufanele ufune nini iseluleko sezokwelapha?
Nakuba ukutheleleka kwe-EBV kuvame ukuphela ngokuphumula ekhaya, kwezinye izimo, kudingeka usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Qaphela kakhulu lezi zimpawu:
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