Awukwazi ukugaya ukudla? Ubuhlungu besisu? Lokhu kungaba yi-EPI (Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency)

Ingabe uvame ukuzizwa usuthi ngemva kokudla, ube nobuhlungu esiswini, futhi ube nendle enuka kabi nenamafutha? Ungase futhi wehlise isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu. Lezi akuzona izimpawu okufanele uzishaye indiva. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency, noma i-EPI ngamafuphi, esingadala lezi zimpawu.

Kalula nje, iyini i-EPI?

Kulungile, ake sikubeke kanje. Sinesitho esibizwa ngokuthi i-pancreas esiswini sethu. Umsebenzi waso oyinhloko ukukhiqiza ama-enzyme , uhlobo olukhethekile lwamakhemikhali olusisiza ekugayeni ukudla esikudlayo. La ma-enzyme angena emathunjini ethu amancane futhi aphule ukudla esikudlayo, ikakhulukazi amafutha namafutha, ukuze umzimba wethu ukwazi ukuwamunca.

Manje, okwenzekayo kumuntu one-EPI ukuthi i-pancreas ayikhiqizi ama-enzyme anele. Kwenzekani-ke? Ukudla akugaywa kahle. Umzimba awumunci izakhamzimba ozidingayo, ikakhulukazi amafutha namavithamini ancibilikayo (njengevithamini A, D, E, kanye no-K). Lokhu kubangela izinkinga ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu kanye nokwehla kwesisindo.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Manje kunezindlela zokwelapha ezinhle kakhulu zalokhu. Uma uthola ukwelashwa okufanele, ungaphila impilo evamile futhi.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-EPI?

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-EPI uhlobo oluthile lomonakalo kumanyikwe. Lokhu kungaba nezimbangela eziningana.

• I-pancreatitis evame ukwenzeka: Odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi i-pancreatitis engapheli . Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ama-enzyme akhiqizwa ku-pancreas aqala ukusebenza ngaphakathi ku-pancreas ngaphambi kokuba afike emathunjini amancane. Lokhu kulimaza i-pancreas uqobo. Le ngozi iphezulu kubantu abaphuza utshwala obuningi. Futhi, izici ezifana namazinga aphezulu amafutha egazini (ama-Triglycerides) kanye namasosha omzimba abuthakathaka nazo zingathinta lokhu.
• Ukuhlinzwa: Lesi simo ngezinye izikhathi singabangelwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreas, isisu, noma amathumbu.
• Izifo ezizalwa nazo: Ezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngofuzo nazo zingabangela i-EPI.
• I-Cystic Fibrosis: Abantu abanalesi sifo bakhiqiza i-mucus ejiyile nenamathelayo emizimbeni yabo. Le mucus ivimba imigudu ye-pancreatic, ivimbele ama-enzyme ukuthi angaphumi.
• I-Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome: Lesi futhi yisifo esibangelwa izakhi zofuzo. Kulesi simo, amaseli akhiqiza ama-enzyme ku-pancreas ayalahleka.
• Ezinye izifo: Abanye abantu basengozini yokuthola i-EPI ngenxa yezinye izifo zesimiso sokugaya ukudla, njengesifo sikaCrohn nesifo seCeliac.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-EPI? Ziyini izimpawu?

Ezigabeni zokuqala, kungase kungabi khona zimpawu, kodwa njengoba i-pancreas yonakele futhi ikhono layo lokumunca amafutha liyancipha, izimpawu ziqala ukuvela kancane kancane.

Ithebula elingezansi libala izimpawu ezivame kakhulu.

Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo ngqo?

Uma uya kudokotela, uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho bese eyalela ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela

• Ingabe uzwa ubuhlungu esiswini sakho esingaphezulu?
• Ingabe indle inephunga elibi noma inombala onamafutha? Ingabe kunzima ukuyigeza?
• Ingabe unesifo sohudo noma ukuvuvukala?
• Uke wehlisa isisindo muva nje?

Ukuhlolwa okungase kunconywe

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuhlolwa kwalokhu.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuphumelela kakhulu kwe-EPI yi -Pancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy (PERT) . Kalula nje, ukuthatha amaphilisi ukuze kufakwe esikhundleni sama-enzyme ama-pancreas akho angawakhiqizi.

• Indlela yokuthatha amaphilisi e-PERT: Lawa maphilisi kufanele athathwe ngesikhathi sokudla . Uma ethathwa ngaphambi kokudla, ama-enzyme azobe esephumile esiswini ngaphambi kokuba ukudla kufike kuso. Uma ethathwa ngemva kokudla, ama-enzyme azobe esefike sekwephuzile ngemva kokuba ukudla sekuqalile ukugaya. Ngakho-ke, lawa maphilisi kufanele athathwe kanye nokudla okuyinhloko kanye nokudla okulula .
• Imithi enciphisa i-asidi yesisu: Ngezinye izikhathi, i-asidi ephezulu yesisu ingabhubhisa la maphilisi e-enzyme ngaphambi kokuba asebenze. Ukuze ayeke lokhu, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze imithi efana ne-'Proton pump inhibitors' (isb. i-omeprazole) noma i-'H2 blockers' (isb. i-famotidine).
• Izibulali-zinhlungu:Uma kukhona ubuhlungu, ungathatha umuthi wokuqeda ubuhlungu ojwayelekile njengeParacetamol ngokweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Uma ubuhlungu bukhulu, imithi enamandla inganikezwa. Kodwa-ke, imithi enjalo ingaba umlutha, ngakho-ke kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha okukhulu nangaphansi kweseluleko sikadokotela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwelapha isifo esiyisisekelo (isib. i-Chronic Pancreatitis, i-Cystic Fibrosis) esibangele isimo se-EPI.

Ungazinakekela kanjani?

Kanye nemithi, indlela yakho yokuphila kanye nemikhuba yakho yokudla nakho kubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni lesi simo.

• Yidla ukudla okuncane okuningana: Esikhundleni sokudla ukudla okukhulu kathathu ngosuku, yidla ukudla okuncane cishe izikhathi eziyisithupha ngosuku. Lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukugaya ukudla.
• Gwema utshwala nokubhema: Utshwala benza kube nzima ngomzimba ukumunca amafutha futhi kulimaza nepancreas. Ukubhema nakho kuyingozi kupancreas.
• Thatha amavithamini: Njengoba umzimba ungawamunci kahle, kuzodingeka uthathe amavithamini anjengevithamini A, D, E, kanye no-K ngaphandle. Ngenxa yalokhu, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza amavithamini kanye nemithamo efanele.
• Funa iseluleko kuchwepheshe wezokudla: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko kuchwepheshe wezokudla ukuze ulungiselele ukudla okunempilo okufanelana nawe.

I-EPI akuyona inkinga okufanele uyikhathazeke ngayo. Ngokwelashwa okufanele nendlela yokuphila, ungayilawula nakanjani futhi uphile impilo evamile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uxhumana nodokotela wakho futhi ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ngqo.