Wake wabuka amehlo akho esibukweni? Ungabona indilinga emnyama phakathi kwengxenye enombala yeso (siyibiza ngokuthi i-iris). Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-pupil. Usayizi wayo uyashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uma le pupil ihlala incane kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukukhanya kushintsha kangakanani, kungaba uphawu lwenkinga yempilo. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-Miosis ngokwezokwelapha.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Miosis?
I-Miosis yilapho inhlamvu yeso iba ncane kunokujwayelekile, ifane nesicabucabu. Ubukhulu benhlamvu bulawulwa yimisipha engxenyeni enombala yeso lethu, i-iris.
Njengoba nje ugoba amehlo uma ungena ekukhanyeni kwelanga okukhanyayo, abafundi bethu nabo baba bancane ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo. Futhi, ezindaweni ezimnyama, abafundi bayakhula (bavuleke) ukuze babone kangcono. Lena inqubo evamile. Kodwa-ke , kumuntu one-miosis, abafundi bahlala bebancane kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukukhanya kushintsha kangakanani . Abanye abantu bababiza ngokuthi 'abafundi abakhombayo' ngoba babukeka njengesihloko senalithi.
Lesi simo singavela esweni elilodwa kuphela (elihlangothini olulodwa) noma kuwo womabili amehlo (elihlangothini zombili).
Umehluko Phakathi kwe-Miosis ne-Mydriasis
Lezi zimo ezimbili ziphambene. I-Miosis yilapho iris incishisiwe khona. I-Mydriasis yilapho iris inkulu ngendlela engavamile (ivuleke kakhulu).
Yiziphi izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-miosis?
Kungaba nezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani ijwabu leso lingaba lincane. Nakuba ezinye zivamile, ezinye zingaba zimbi kakhulu.
| Imbangela | Umphumela |
|---|---|
| Eminye imithi (isb., ama-opioid) | Ngokuvamile kuthinta amehlo womabili . |
| Isifo sikaHorner | Uhlangothi olulodwa kuphela lobuso oluthintekile. |
| Ubuthi | Ngokuvamile kuthinta amehlo womabili . |
| Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo (i-Uveitis/Iritis) | Ngokuvamile kuthinta iso elilodwa , kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta kokubili. |
| I-Pontine Stroke | Womabili amehlo ayathinteka. |
| Ubuhlungu Bekhanda Beqembu | Kuthinta uhlangothi olulodwa kuphela. |
1. Eminye imithi
Eminye imithi, ikakhulukazi ama-opioid, asetshenziselwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ingabangela ukuba i-iris ibe ncane emehlweni womabili. Amanye amaconsi amehlo asetshenziselwa i-glaucoma, njenge-pilocarpine, nawo angabangela lokhu.
2. Isifo SikaHorner
Lesi yisimo esibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa yozwela egijima isuka ebuchosheni bethu iye emehlweni nasebusweni. Kulesi simo, izimpawu ezifana nokugoba kwamehlo kanye nokugoba kwamehlo zingabonakala ohlangothini olulodwa lobuso.
3. Ubuthi
Lesi simo singabangelwa ukugwinya izibulala-zinambuzane ezithile, ikakhulukazi ama-organophosphate . Singabangelwa futhi ukudlula ngokweqile eminye imithi, njenge-benzodiazepines.
Uma kukhona ngisho nokusola okuncane ngento enjalo, isiguli kufanele siyiswe esibhedlela esiseduze i-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ngokushesha. Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukushayela ucingo i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko esengeziwe.
4. Ukuvuvukala Kwamehlo
Ukuvuvukala ngaphakathi kweso, okubangela ukubomvu nobuhlungu, nakho kungabangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-iris. I-Uveitis kanye ne-iritis yizimo ezimbili ezinjalo.
5. Ukulimala Kobuchopho Noma Kwamehlo
Lokhu kungenzeka futhi uma into ishaya iso bese ibangela ukulimala, noma ngenxa yesifo sohlangothi (i-Pontine stroke) esenzeka ezingxenyeni ezithile zobuchopho, ikakhulukazi i-brainstem.
6. Ezinye izizathu
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-miosis ingabonakala nasezimweni ezifana nabafundi baka-Argyll Robertson, ezenzeka ezigabeni zokugcina ze-syphilis engelashwanga, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu elihlangene.
Ake sifunde futhi nge-Miosis eyenzeka ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kwe-cataract, iris idinga ukunwetshwa ukuze kube lula ukuhlinzwa. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi iris ingafinyela ngokuzumayo ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-miosis yangaphakathi kokuhlinzwa. Eminye imithi, njenge-alpha-1 antagonists yomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ukukhulisa i-prostate, isengozini enkulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukutshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?
I-Miosis iyisibonakaliso, hhayi isifo, ngakho ukwelashwa kuqondiswe esimweni esiyisisekelo esibangele lokhu.
- Uma kungenxa yomuthi: Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi uzowuyeka noma uzowushintsha yini umuthi.
- Uma kuyisifo samehlo: kuzonikezwa imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala noma imithi yokulwa nokutheleleka.
- I-Horner's syndrome: Kungase kudingeke ukuhlinzwa uma kubangelwa into efana nesimila.
- Uma kwenzeka isifo sohlangothi: Ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kumele kunikezwe esibhedlela.
Ingabe i-Miosis ingavinjelwa?
Singakwazi ukuvimbela i-miosis ebangelwa yizimbangela ezithile.
- Ukugwema izidakamizwa: Ukugwema ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi ama-opioid.
- Ukugqoka izinto zokuzivikela: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugqoka izinto zokuvikela amehlo ezifanele, njengezibuko, lapho udlala imidlalo noma wenza umsebenzi oyingozi.
- Ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngendlela efanele: Yazisa udokotela wakho njalo ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo.
Khumbula, lolu hlobo loshintsho embaleni wamehlo akho, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka ngokuzumayo noma kuhambisana nezinye izimpawu (njengokuba ndikindiki kolunye uhlangothi lobuso, ikhanda elibuhlungu, amehlo abomvu), kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi sempilo. Ngakho ungakushayi indiva.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Miosis iyi-pupil encane kakhulu, engase ingasabeli kahle ekukhanyeni.
- Lokhu akusona isifo, kodwa uphawu lwesinye isimo.
- Izimbangela zingasukela ezimeni ezilula kuya kwezibucayi njengemithi, ubuthi, izifo zezinzwa, isifo sohlangothi, kanye nokutheleleka kwamehlo.
- Uma ubona lolu hlobo loshintsho ku-iris yakho, ikakhulukazi uma luhambisana nezinye izimpawu, bona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu.
- Yazisa udokotela wakho njalo ngayo yonke imithi oyiphuzayo.
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