Umphimbo obuhlungu yinto esivame ukubhekana nayo. Kusukela emkhuhlaneni omncane kuya emphinjeni obuhlungu ngezizathu ezahlukene, kungaba yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu nematasa yomzimba wethu. Kodwa wake wacabanga ukuthi lomphimbo ubaluleke futhi umatasa kangakanani? Uma sikhuluma, siphefumula, sidla, siphuza amanzi... sikhonza buthule le ngxenye kuzo zonke lezi zinto, futhi kwezokwelapha siyibiza ngokuthi "i-Pharynx". Kalula nje, lokhu kufana nokuhlangana okuhle emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sifunde kabanzi ngakho.
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Uyini ngempela umsebenzi womphimbo (i-pharynx)?
Kalula nje, i-pharynx yakho iyingxenye yomphimbo wakho efana ne-funnel esiza kokubili ezinhlelweni zakho zokuphefumula kanye nezokugaya ukudla. Isebenza njengephoyisa lomgwaqo eliqondisa izimoto ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo.
Unemisebenzi emibili eyinhloko:
1. Ukwenza ukuphefumula kube lula: Umphimbo yilapho umoya owuthathayo ngekhala nangomlomo uqondiswa khona nge-larynx yakho uye ku-trachea nasemaphashini akho. Kufana nokukhombisa umoya lapho kufanele uye khona ngqo.
2. Ilawula umgudu wokugaya ukudla: Ukudla neziphuzo ozidlayo kuthunyelwa ngqo emhubheni, lapho kufinyelela khona esiswini. Okubaluleke kakhulu, kuvimbela ngisho nocezu oluncane lokudla noma ithonsi lamanzi ukuthi lingangeni ngengozi ku-trachea nasemaphashini. Lona umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu.
Ikuphi i-pharynx?
Umphimbo wakho uphakathi nentamo yakho. Utholakala ngaphansi kwesisekelo sekhanda lakho nangaphezu nje komphimbo wakho kanye ne-larynx. Kuyipayipi elivame ukuba ngamasentimitha angu-1.5 ubude. Lakhiwe kakhulu ngemisipha.
Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko zomphimbo (i-pharynx)?
Lomphimbo omatasa uhlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko. Lezi zingxenye ezintathu zisebenza ndawonye ukwenza wonke umsebenzi womphimbo. Kulula kakhulu ukukhumbula lokhu.
| Ingxenye yomphimbo | Indawo kanye nomsebenzi |
|---|---|
| I-Nasopharynx | Lokhu kutholakala phezulu emphinjeni wakho. Njengoba igama lisho, kuxhumanisa ikhala lakho nohlelo lwakho lokuphefumula. Uma uphefumula ngekhala lakho, umoya uqala ukungena lapha. |
| I-Oropharynx | Lokhu kutholakala phakathi komphimbo wakho. Njengoba igama lisho, kuxhuma emlonyeni wakho (umlomo) . Amathonsi akho nawo atholakala kule ngxenye. Umoya, ukudla, isiphuzo... konke lokhu kudlula kule ngxenye. |
| I-Hypopharynx | Lokhu kutholakala phansi komphimbo. Kulawula indlela ukudla neziphuzo okungena ngayo emhubheni kanye nendlela umoya ongena ngayo emaphashini. |
Yiziphi izifo nezimo ezivamile ezithinta umphimbo?
Izimo ezahlukahlukene zingathinta umphimbo, kusukela kumkhuhlane ovamile kuya kumdlavuza womphimbo. Ezinye zezimo ezivame kakhulu zifaka:
- Umphimbo obuhlungu (Pharyngitis): Lesi simo singabangelwa yizinto ezifana ne-tonsillitis, izifo ezahlukahlukene, ukungezwani komzimba, noma ukuphefumula ngomlomo.
- Ukutheleleka: Ukutheleleka ngamagciwane, njenge-strep throat, kanye nokutheleleka ngamagciwane, njenge-flu noma i-mononucleosis, nakho kungathinta umphimbo.
- Umdlavuza: Umdlavuza owenzeka emphinjeni, njengomdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal, umdlavuza we-oropharyngeal, kanye nomdlavuza we-hypopharyngeal.
- Ubunzima bokugwinya (i-Dysphagia): Izifo ezithinta isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, njenge-stroke kanye ne-multiple sclerosis (MS), zingabangela ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, ungesabi ukuthi ngoba nje unesifo somphimbo esibuhlungu, umdlavuza womphimbo. Kodwa-ke, uma izimpawu ziqhubeka noma zibuya, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze akunike iseluleko.
Izimpawu zokuthi udinga ukubona udokotela
Ngenxa yokuthi kunezimo eziningi ezingathinta umphimbo, izimpawu zingahluka. Ezinye izimo zimbi kakhulu kunezinye. Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela.
| Isibonakaliso | Okufanele ukunake ngokukhethekile |
|---|---|
| Umphimbo obuhlungu ohlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa | Umphimbo obuhlungu ojwayelekile uzophela ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Uma kuqhubeka isikhathi eside kunalokho, kubalulekile ukuthi uyohlolwa. |
| Ubunzima bokugwinya ukudla noma isiphuzo | Uma uzwa ubuhlungu lapho ugwinya noma uma kukhona okuzwa sengathi kubhajwe emphinjeni wakho. |
| Ubuhlungu bendlebe | Ukutheleleka komphimbo ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta izindlebe. |
| Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-39 Celsius (103 Fahrenheit) | Lokhu kungaba uphawu lokutheleleka okukhulu emzimbeni. |
| Amaqhubu ngemuva kwentamo | Uma uhlangana nento efana nekhikhi, kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. |
| Ubuthakathaka noma ukuqina entanyeni | Ubunzima noma ubuhlungu ekuphenduleni intamo. |
Ukuhlolwa kokuthola inkinga yomphimbo
Kuye ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi uhlolwe ngezindlela ezahlukene ukuze athole inkinga.
- I-Biopsy: Ukuthatha ingcezu encane yezicubu ukuze ihlolwe.
- I-Laryngoscopy: Ukuhlolwa kwengaphakathi lomphimbo kusetshenziswa ipayipi elincane elinekhamera.
- Ukukhula komphimbo: Ukuthatha isampula yokukhipha umphimbo ukuze kuhlolwe ukutheleleka.
- Ukuhlolwa kwezithombe: Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) noma i-MRI scan (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan).
Uwugcina kanjani umphimbo wakho uphilile?
Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula ongazenza ukuze unakekele umphimbo wakho oyigugu. Uma uzenza umkhuba, ungagwema izifo eziningi.
- Gwema ukubhema: Ukubhema kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yomdlavuza womphimbo. Uma ubhema, ukuzama ukuyeka kuwusizo olukhulu emphinjeni wakho nakuwo wonke umzimba wakho.
- Gwema intuthu kagwayi ephuma komunye umuntu: Ukuphefumula intuthu kagwayi yabanye abantu nakho kuyingozi emphinjeni wakho. Kungabangela ukucasuka komphimbo.
- Zivikele ezifweni: Geza izandla zakho njalo futhi uhlale kude nabantu abagulayo. Le mikhuba elula ingakusiza ekuvikeleni ezifweni ezithelelanayo njenge-strep throat kanye ne-flu.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi: Ukuphuza amanzi anele usuku lonke kuzosiza ukugcina umphimbo wakho umanzi, kuvimbele ukuthi wome futhi uklwebhe.
I-pharynx enempilo ibalulekile empilweni yezinhlelo zakho zokuphefumula nezokugaya ukudla. Yi-pharynx esiza ukuqondisa umoya emaphashini nokudla esiswini. Ngakho-ke kungumthwalo wethu ukuvikela lesi sitho esiyigugu ngokugwema ukubhema nokuzivikela ezifweni.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Umphimbo wakho, noma i-pharynx, yingxenye ematasa yomzimba wakho ebalulekile kokubili ekuphefumuleni nasekudleni.
- Yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko (i-Nasopharynx, i-Oropharynx, ne-Hypopharynx).
- Uma unezimpawu ezifana nomphimbo obuhlungu, ubunzima bokugwinya, umkhuhlane ophakeme, noma iqhubu entanyeni yakho elihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.
- Ungagcina umphimbo wakho uphilile ngokugwema ngokuphelele ukubhema nokuzivikela ezifweni ngokugeza izandla zakho njalo.
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