Uma sithola isilonda noma ukulimala noma kuphi emzimbeni wethu, ukujiya kwegazi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kumiswe ukuphuma kwegazi . Kuyindlela yokuzivikela yomzimba wethu. Kodwa, kwenzekani uma amajiya egazi akheka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi emzimbeni ngaphandle kwesizathu? Lokho kungaba yingozi kancane. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesimo esinjalo sofuzo esanda ingozi yokujiya kwegazi ngokungadingekile. Leso yi -Factor V Leiden thrombophilia .
Kalula nje, iyini i-Factor V Leiden?
I-Factor V Leiden thrombophilia yisimo esibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuzuza kusukela ekuzalweni . Lokhu kwenza igazi lakho likwazi ukujiya ngendlela engavamile kunokujwayelekile. Igama libizwa ngokuthi “factor five Leiden.” U-V umele inombolo yesiRoma yesi-5.
Akuwona wonke umuntu onalesi simo ozoba namahlule egazi. Kodwa-ke, usengozini enkulu yokuba namahlule egazi uma kuqhathaniswa nomuntu ongenalo lolu hlobo lofuzo. Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezimbili eziyingozi:
- I-Deep vein thrombosis ( DVT ): Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kwakheka ihlule legazi emthanjeni wegazi ojulile emzimbeni. Ngokuvamile, lawa akheka emithanjeni yemilenze noma izingalo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi angakheka nasemithanjeni yesibindi , izinso , ubuchopho, noma amehlo.
- I-Pulmonary embolism (PE): Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu. Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi ihlule legazi elivele lakhiwe liyaqhekeka, lihambe negazi, bese libhajwa emaphashini .
Into ebalulekile ukuthi akudingeki wesabe uma usuthole ukuthi unalesi simo. Abantu abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi (90%) abanalesi simo abakaze babe namahlule egazi angavamile. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela izingozi.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezingabona lesi simo?
Eqinisweni, azikho izimpawu ezihlobene nalokhu kuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Ungaphila impilo yakho yonke ungazi. Kodwa-ke, uma kuvela ihlule legazi, uzoqala ukuzwa izimpawu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ze-DVT noma i-PE, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo wesibhedlela (ETU) noma ushayele i-ambulensi ngokushesha . Lokhu akuyona into yokulibazisa.
| Indawo lapho igazi liqhekeka khona | Izimpawu ezingaba khona |
|---|---|
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) |
|
| Ihlule legazi emaphashini (PE) |
|
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Iyini imbangela yalokhu?
I-Factor V Leiden ibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Ake sichaze lokhu kalula.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamaprotheni asiza ukujiya kwegazi. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi 'izici zokujiya'. "Isici sokujiya V" singenye yamaprotheni abalulekile. Umzimba wethu uyalwa ukuba wenze le phrotheni ngesakhi sofuzo esibizwa ngokuthi 'i-F5'.
Ngokuvamile, sonke sizalwa namakhophi amabili aphilile alesi sakhi sofuzo i-'F5'. Kodwa-ke, umuntu onesifo se-Factor V Leiden unekhophi eyodwa noma zombili zalesi sakhi sofuzo i-'F5' esinephutha. Lesi sakhi sofuzo esinephutha satholwa okokuqala yiqembu labacwaningi edolobheni lase-'Leiden' eNetherlands. Yingakho sathola igama laso.
Kukhona ushintsho oluncane esakhiweni seprotheyini i-Factor V, ekhiqizwa umzimba ngenxa yemiyalelo etholwe ku-gene enephutha ethi `F5`. Ngenxa yalolu shintsho oluncane, amanye amaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi `iprotheyini C` kanye ne-`iprotheyini S`, alawula ukujiya kwegazi, okungukuthi, avimba igazi ekujiyani ngokungadingekile, awakwazi ukulawula le phrotheyini i-Factor V eshintshiwe. Kufana nemoto engenamabhuleki. Ngakho-ke, igazi liqala ukujiya ngisho nangezikhathi ezingadingekile.
Ingabe lokhu kuyinto evela ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane?
Yebo. Ungazuza lokhu kumama wakho, kuyihlo, noma kokubili. Kuzuzwe njengefa ngendlela "elawulayo ye-autosomal". Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungazuza lesi sakhi sofuzo esingenasici kumama wakho noma kuyihlo.
- Iningi labantu (heterozygous) lizuza ikhophi eyodwa kuphela yalesi sakhi sofuzo esingasebenzi kahle (kusuka kumama noma kubaba).
- Akuvamile kakhulu, umuntu (ofana no-homozygous) angazuza amakhophi womabili alesi sakhi sofuzo esingasebenzi kahle (kumama nakubaba). Laba bantu basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
Yiziphi izinto ezandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi?
Uma une-Factor V Leiden, izinto ezilandelayo zingandisa ingozi yakho yokuba ne-blood clot. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho.
| Isici sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ithonya lezakhi zofuzo | Ukuthola amakhophi amabili e-F5 gene enephutha (homozygous). |
| Umlando womndeni | Amalungu omndeni wakho aseduze ake aba ne-DVT noma i-PE. |
| Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha | Ukuba nezinye izimo zezokwelapha ezithinta ukujiya kwegazi. |
| Ukuhlinzwa | Ingozi iphakeme isikhashana ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu. |
| Ukukhulelwa | Ingozi iyanda ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangemva kokubeletha. |
| Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone | Ukuthatha amaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngamahomoni eziqukethe i-hormone i-estrogen. |
| Indlela Yokuphila | Ukubhema, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, nokuhlala endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside kakhulu. |
Odokotela basithola kanjani lesi simo? Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?
Uma unomlando we-DVT noma i-PE, ikakhulukazi usemncane, noma uma othile emndenini wakho enomlando walesi simo, udokotela wakho angase asole i-Factor V Leiden.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile (kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kofuzo) kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale lokhu. Lokhu kungakutshela ngqo ukuthi unalo yini leli jini elingalungile, futhi uma kunjalo, ukuthi unekhophi eyodwa noma ezimbili zalo.
Izindlela zokwelapha
Ngenxa yokuthi lesi yisimo sofuzo esihlala isikhathi eside, akukho ukwelashwa kokushintsha isakhi sofuzo. Esikhundleni salokho, ukwelashwa kusebenza ekuncibilikiseni amahlule egazi akhona futhi kunciphise ingozi yamahlule egazi esikhathini esizayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udokotela wakho angase ancome okulandelayo:
- Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala kwegazi: Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi "imithi yokunciphisa igazi." Le mithi incibilikisa amahlule egazi futhi ivimbele ukwakheka kwamahlule amasha. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi udinga ukuthatha isikhathi esingakanani le mithi ngokusekelwe engcupheni yakho.
- Amasokisi okucindezela: Lawa asiza ekuthuthukiseni ukujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni futhi anciphise ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Isihlungi se-Vena cava: Lesi yithuluzi elincane elifana nesihlungi elifakwa emthanjeni omkhulu emzimbeni ukuvimbela amahlule egazi akheka emilenzeni ukuthi aye emaphashini.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Kwezinye izimo, amahlule egazi kudingeka asuswe ngokuhlinzwa.
Uma unalesi simo, kufanele nakanjani ukhulume nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo, ukuhlela ukukhulelwa, noma ukuqala noma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa ngama-hormone.
Ungaphila kanjani uphilile nge-Factor V Leiden?
Kwabaningi abantu abanalesi simo, isikhathi sokuphila asithinteki. Ngisho noma kwenzeka ukuqhekeka kwegazi, ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kungavimbela imiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke ungesabi. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela indlela yakho yokuphila.
- Gwema ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Ungahlali endaweni efanayo isikhathi eside. Ikakhulukazi uma uhamba ngendiza isikhathi eside, vuka uhambe futhi welule imilenze yakho okungenani kanye ngehora.
- Gcina isisindo somzimba siphilile.
- Ungasebenzisi ukwelashwa ngama-hormone okuqukethe i-estrogen ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi ukhathazekile uma uthola ukuthi une-Factor V Leiden thrombophilia. Kodwa khumbula, iningi labantu abanalesi simo lingaphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela isimo sakho nokulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Factor V Leiden thrombophilia yisimo sofuzo esidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokujiya kwegazi.
- Akuwona wonke umuntu onalesi simo othola amahlule egazi. Abantu abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi ngeke babe nenkinga.
- Uma uba nezimpawu ze-DVT noma i-PE, njengokuvuvukala kwemilenze, ukubomvu, ubuhlungu besifuba, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula, hamba ngokushesha eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).
- Uma lesi simo sitholakala, ukwelashwa okufana nokunciphisa igazi kungalawula ukwakheka kwamahlule egazi.
- Njalo xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma yiluphi uhlobo lokwelashwa ngama-hormone noma indlela yokuvimbela inzalo nangaphambi kokukhulelwa.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo nokugwema izinto eziyingozi.
I-Factor V Leiden, ukujiya kwegazi, i-DVT, i-Pulmonary Embolism, i-thrombophilia, izifo zofuzo, ukujiya kwegazi emithanjeni yegazi, eSri Lanka
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