Uma uthola inxeba noma ukusikeka, umzimba wakho ngokwemvelo wakha amahlule egazi ukuze umise ukuphuma kwegazi. Lena indlela ebalulekile yokuvikela. Kodwa-ke, wake wazibuza ukuthi kwenzekani uma amahlule egazi akheka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho ngaphandle kwesizathu? Lokho kungaba isimo esiyingozi. Namuhla, sixoxa ngesimo esizuzwe njengefa esanda le ngozi: I-Factor V Leiden thrombophilia .
Iyini ngempela i-Factor V Leiden?
I-Factor V Leiden thrombophilia yisimo sofuzo ozalwa naso . Senza igazi lakho lithambekele kakhulu ekuqhekekeni kunokujwayelekile. Njengoba libizwa ngokuthi “Factor Five Leiden,” igama elithi “V” libhekisela kunombolo yesiRoma yesi-5.
Akuwona wonke umuntu onalesi simo othola amahlule egazi. Kodwa-ke, uma uqhathanisa nomuntu ongenalo lolu shintsho lwezakhi zofuzo, usengozini enkulu. Lokhu kungaholela ezimweni ezimbili eziyingozi:
- I-Deep vein thrombosis ( DVT ): Lokhu kubhekisela ekuqhekekeni okwakheka emithanjeni ejulile, ngokuvamile emilenzeni noma ezingalweni. Akuvamile, kungakheka nasemithanjeni yesibindi , izinso , ubuchopho, noma amehlo.
- I-Pulmonary embolism (PE): Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Kwenzeka lapho ihlule legazi liphuma, lihamba egazini lakho, bese lihlala emaphashini akho.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyazi ukuthi uma utholakala unalokhu, asikho isidingo sokwesaba. Eqinisweni, abantu abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi (90%) abanalesi simo abasoze baba nokuqhekeka kwegazi okungavamile. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlala uqaphela izingozi kubalulekile.
Yiziphi izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele?
Empeleni, azikho izimpawu ezithile zesifo sofuzo ngokwaso. Ungaphila impilo yakho yonke ungazi ukuthi unaso. Izimpawu zivela kuphela uma kwenzeka ihlule legazi.
Isexwayiso Esibalulekile: Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ze-DVT noma i-PE ezibalwe ngezansi, iya emnyangweni wezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela esiseduze (ER) ngokushesha noma ushayele izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo ze-911/local. Ungalibali.
| Indawo ye-Clot | Izimpawu Ezingaba Khona |
|---|---|
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) |
|
| I-Pulmonary Embolism (PE) |
|
Kungani lokhu kwenzeka?
I-Factor V Leiden ibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Ake senze kube lula ukuthi lokhu kusebenza kanjani.
Imizimba yethu ithembele kumaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi 'izici zokwakheka kwegazi' ukuze aphathe ukujiya kwegazi. I-"Coagulation factor V" ingenye yalawa maprotheni abalulekile, futhi umzimba wakho usebenzisa imiyalelo evela ku-'F5` gene ukuze uyikhiqize.
Ngokuvamile, uthola amakhophi amabili anempilo e-'F5' gene. Nge-Factor V Leiden, uthola ikhophi eyodwa noma ezimbili ezinephutha . Lokhu kuguqulwa kwaqala ukubonwa ngabacwaningi edolobheni laseLeiden, eNetherlands, okuyilapho kwaqanjwa khona igama.
I-gene enephutha ethi `F5` iholela kuphrotheni ye-Factor V eguquliwe kancane. Ngenxa yalolu shintsho lwesakhiwo, amaprotheni avame ukusebenza “njengamabhuleki” okuvimba ukujiya okungadingekile—okwaziwa ngokuthi `iphrotheni C` kanye `iphrotheni S`—awakwazi ukulawula iphrotheni ye-Factor V ngempumelelo. Kufana nokushayela imoto enamabhuleki anephutha; igazi lakho liqala ukujiya ngisho noma kungafanele.
Ingabe kuyifa?
Yebo. Uyizuza njengefa kumzali oyedwa noma bobabili. Ilandela iphethini ethi `autosomal dominant`, okusho ukuthi udinga kuphela ukuzuza ifa lesakhi sofuzo esinephutha kumzali oyedwa ukuze ube nalesi simo.
- Iningi labantu (heterozygous) lizuza ikhophi eyodwa yesakhi sofuzo esinephutha.
- Akuvamile kakhulu ukuthi umuntu (homozygous) athole amakhophi amabili . Laba bantu basengozini enkulu kakhulu yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
Yiziphi ezinye izinto ezandisa ingozi yakho yokuqhekeka kwegazi?
Uma une-Factor V Leiden, ezinye izici zokuphila noma zempilo zingandisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuba namahlule. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngalokhu nodokotela wakho eNirogi Lanka ukuze uthole iseluleko esiqondene nawe.
| Isici Sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ithonya Lofuzo | Ukuthola amakhophi amabili e-F5 gene enephutha (homozygous). |
| Umlando Womndeni | Ukuba nezihlobo eziseduze ezinomlando we-DVT noma i-PE. |
| Ezinye Izimo Zezokwelapha | Ukuba khona kwezinye izinkinga zempilo eziyisisekelo ezithinta ukujiya kwegazi. |
| Ukuhlinzwa | Ingozi iyanda isikhathi esithile ngemva kwezinqubo ezinkulu zokuhlinzwa. |
| Ukukhulelwa | Ingozi iyanda kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kanye nesikhathi sokubeletha. |
| Ukwelashwa ngama-hormone | Ukusetshenziswa kwamaphilisi okuvimbela inzalo aqukethe i-estrogen noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisekelwe kuma-hormone. |
| Indlela Yokuphila | Ukubhema, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, kanye nezikhathi ezinde zokungenzi lutho noma ukungasebenzi. |
Lokhu kutholakala futhi kwelashwa kanjani?
Uma ubhekene ne-DVT noma i-PE, ikakhulukazi usemncane, noma uma kunomlando womndeni owaziwayo, udokotela wakho angase ahlole i-Factor V Leiden. Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukuhilela ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile (kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kofuzo) , okuqinisekisa ukuthi unesifo sofuzo nokuthi sizuzwe njengefa kumzali oyedwa noma bobabili.
Izinketho Zokwelapha
Ngenxa yokuthi lesi yisimo sofuzo esihlala impilo yonke, ayikho ikhambi lokushintsha izakhi zofuzo zakho. Ukwelashwa kugxile ekuphatheni amahlule egazi nokuvimbela azayo. Udokotela wakho angase atuse:
- Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala kwegazi: Ngokuvamile eyaziwa ngokuthi 'imithi yokunciphisa igazi,' le mithi isiza ekuncibilikiseni amahlule akhona futhi ivimbele ukwakheka amasha. Udokotela wakho uzonquma isikhathi sokwelashwa ngokusekelwe ezingeni lakho elithile lengozi.
- Amasokisi okucindezela: Lawa asiza ekuthuthukiseni ukujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni yakho, ehlisa ingozi yokwakheka kwamahlule.
- Isihlungi se-Vena cava: Idivayisi encane efakwa emthanjeni wakho oyinhloko ukuze isebenze njengesihlungi, ivimbele amahlule emilenze ukuthi aye emaphashini akho.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ezimweni ezithile, kungadingeka ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ihlule.
Uma uke watholakala unalesi simo, hlala uthintana nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma yikuphi ukwelashwa ngama-hormone, ukuvimbela inzalo, noma ukuhlela ukukhulelwa.
Ukuphila impilo enempilo ne-Factor V Leiden
Abantu abaningi abanalesi simo baphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kokuthinta isikhathi sabo sokuphila. Nakuba kufanele uqaphele, sicela ukhumbule ukuthi ukungenelela kwezokwelapha kusenesikhathi kusebenza kahle kakhulu. Gxila kulezi zindlela zokuphila:
- Yeka ukubhema ngokuphelele.
- Gwema ukukhubazeka isikhathi eside. Uma usendizeni ende noma uhleli isikhathi eside, sukuma uhambe noma welule imilenze yakho njalo ngehora.
- Gcina isisindo somzimba siphilile.
- Ungasebenzisi izindlela zokwelapha eziqukethe i-estrogen ngaphandle kweseluleko esicacile sezokwelapha.
Kungokwemvelo ukuzizwa ukhathazekile ngemva kokuxilongwa yi-Factor V Leiden, kodwa abantu abaningi baphila impilo egcwele, evamile ngokuhlala benolwazi nangokulandela isiqondiso sezokwelapha esinikezwa yithimba lakho lezempilo.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Ezithathwayo ezivela eNirogi Lanka
- I-Factor V Leiden yisimo esizuzwe njengefa esanda ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi okungavamile.
- Ukuba nesakhi sofuzo akuqinisekisi ukuthi uzoba namahlule; empeleni, abantu abaningi abakaze babhekane nezinkinga.
- Uma ubona izimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala kwemilenze, ukubomvu, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukuphelelwa umoya (izimpawu ze-DVT noma i-PE), funa usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo (shayela u-911 noma uvakashele i-ER eseduze) ngokushesha.
- Ngokuphathwa kahle kanye nemithi, unganciphisa ngempumelelo izingozi zakho.
- Xoxa njalo nodokotela wakho ngokukhulelwa, ukuhlinzwa, noma imithi emisha.
- Beka phambili indlela yokuphila enempilo ukuze uvikele impilo yakho yesikhathi eside.
I-Factor V Leiden, Ukujiya kwegazi, i-DVT, i-Pulmonary Embolism, i-thrombophilia, izinkinga zofuzo, i-deep vein thrombosis, i-Nirogi Lanka
