Ingabe ngokuzumayo uhlanza futhi unesifo sohudo? Ake sifunde kahle ngale (i-Norovirus) embi kakhulu!

Namuhla sizokhuluma ngesifo esingathandeki kakhulu, kodwa esithathelwanayo kakhulu abantu abaningi abasithola kalula futhi abahlushwa yiso. Cabanga nje, uma ushesha, uzizwa ugula ngokuzumayo bese uqala ukuhlanza, kanye nesifo sohudo esibi. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kungenzeka ukuthi usuthole lesi sifo esibangelwa yileli gciwane elibizwa ngokuthi `(Norovirus)`. Lokhu empeleni kuvame kakhulu.

Kuyini lokhu `(i-Norovirus)`? Ake sikuqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, `(i-Norovirus)` iyiqembu lamagciwane. Uma leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni wethu, into eyinhloko eyenzekayo ukuhlanza okukhulu kanye nesifo sohudo. Lesi yisifo esisakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu sisuka kumuntu siya komunye. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, lokhu kubangela ukuthi isisu namathumbu ethu avuvuke futhi avuvuke kakhulu. Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi `(i-Gastroenteritis)`.

Esikhathini esiningi, leli gciwane '(i-Norovirus)' lisakazeka ezifweni eziwumshayabhuqe phakathi nezinyanga zesimo sezulu esibandayo. Emazweni afana ne-United States, leli gciwane '(i-Norovirus)' liyimbangela yokuqala yezifo ezibangelwa ukudla. Ubuwazi, leli gciwane latholakala okokuqala ngo-1968 ekuqubukeni kwesifo esikoleni edolobheni laseNorwalk, e-Ohio, e-USA. Yingakho ekuqaleni labizwa ngokuthi "igciwane laseNorwalk".

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-`(Norovirus)` kanye ne-`Stop Flu''?

Abantu abaningi babiza lesi simo ngokuthi `(Gastroenteritis)` esibangelwa `(Norovirus)` `(Stomach Flu). Kodwa empeleni lokho kuyiphutha elingalungile. `(Stomach Flu)` akulona igama elifanele ngokwezokwelapha. Umkhuhlane ovamile, noma umkhuhlane, yisifo sokuphefumula esibangelwa `(Influenza virus). `(Norovirus)` ubangela ukuvuvukala esiswini nasemathunjini. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukungadidanisi lokhu kokubili, akunjalo?

Zingaki izinhlobo ze-`(Norovirus)` ezikhona?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zale `(i-Norovirus)`, okungukuthi, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene. Lokhu kungokwamalungu omndeni wamagciwane i-`(i-Caliciviridae)`. Amagciwane akulo mndeni yiwo abangela isisu namathumbu ethu ukuba avuvuke futhi abangele i-`(i-Gastroenteritis). Cabanga nje, kunamaqembu angaba yi-10 kulo mndeni, kanye nezinhlobo zawo ezingaba ngu-48! Kodwa uhlobo oluvame kakhulu phakathi kwalawa yi-GII.4. Kodwa akudingeki wazi ngazo zonke lezi zinhlobo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalokhu, ngakho awukwazi ukucabanga ukuthi uma unakho kanye, ngeke kuphinde kwenzeke.

Ivame kangakanani i-`(i-Norovirus)`? Ingabe ngempela kuyinto okufanele ukhathazeke ngayo?

Yebo, `(i-Norovirus)` iyigciwane elivame kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Cabanga nje, kunezigameko ezingaba yizigidi ezingu-685 ezibikwa emhlabeni wonke minyaka yonke. Lezo yizigidi! Kulezi, ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-200, noma ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-200, zithinta izingane ezincane. Ngakho-ke lokhu akuyona into okufanele ithathwe kalula.

Ingabe kukhona isikhathi esikhethekile se-`(i-Norovirus)`?

Yebo, esikhathini esiningi, ukusabalala kwe-`(Norovirus)` kubonakala kuvame kakhulu ngendlela ethile. Kuvame kakhulu kusukela ngoNovemba kuya ku-Ephreli emazweni angaphezu kwe-equator, kanye kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba emazweni angaphansi kwe-equator. Lokho kusho ukuthiKuvame ukusabalala uma kubanda. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni eziseduze ne-equator, akukho sikhathi esithile; kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. ESri Lanka, sibona nokuthi lolu hlobo lwesifo sesisu luvame kakhulu ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-`(Norovirus)`?

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-Norovirus yilezi:

• Isicanucanu : Ukuzizwa sengathi usuzohlanza.
• Ukuhlanza : Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo.
• Uhudo : Indle enamanzi, izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
• Ubuhlungu besisu : Kuzwakala sengathi ingaphakathi lesisu liyabuhlungu uma lithintekile.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu eziyinhloko, ungase ubhekane nezinye izimpawu:

• Ikhanda elibuhlungu
• Umkhuhlane : Umzimba uzizwa ushisa.
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba : Umzimba wonke uqaqamba njengomkhuhlane.

Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqala emahoreni ayi-12 kuya kwangu-48 ngemva kokuchayeka egciwaneni (okungukuthi, igciwane lingena emzimbeni). Kodwa-ke, ukugula kuvame ukuphela phakathi nosuku olulodwa kuya kwezintathu.

Ingabe izimpawu ziyafana ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu abadala?

Ngokuvamile, izimpawu ze-`(Norovirus)` ziyafana ezinganeni ezincane nakubantu abadala. Kodwa-ke, kungase kube nomehluko othile. Abantu abadala bangase babe nesifo sohudo esiningi, kuyilapho izingane ezincane zingase zihlanze kakhulu.

Ivela kanjani le `(i-Norovirus)`? Iyini imbangela?

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokukhula kwe-`(Norovirus)` ukungena kwegciwane elivela emndenini we-`(Caliciviridae)` wamagciwane emizimbeni yethu. Lapho leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni, isisu namathumbu ethu ayavuvukala futhi avuvuke. Yingakho silibiza ngokuthi `(Gastroenteritis)`. Kungenxa yalesi simo `(Gastroenteritis)` lapho kuvela khona izimpawu ezishiwo ngaphambilini njengokuhlanza nohudo.

Singenwa kanjani yi-`(i-Norovirus)`?

Kunezindlela eziningana ezingasithelela ngazo leli gciwane, ngakho-ke kudingeka siqaphele kakhulu.

• Ngokusondelana nomuntu onegciwane: Lokho kusho ukuthinta umuntu ogulayo, noma ngokuthinta izinto azisebenzisile.
• Ngokuthinta izindawo ezinegciwane bese uthinta umlomo noma impumulo yakho ngesandla esifanayo: Cabanga nje, uma uthinta into efana nesibambo somnyango noma itafula elisetshenziswe yisiguli bese udla ukudla noma ushaya ikhala lakho ngesandla esifanayo, ungasithola lesi sifo.
• Ukudla ukudla neziphuzo eziqukethe igciwane: Lokhu kuyingozi kakhulu. Ungagula uma udla ukudla okungakahlanzwa kahle noma okulungiselelwe ngumuntu onegciwane.

Emazweni afana ne-United States, esinye sezifo eziyinhloko ezibangelwa ukudla yi-'(Norovirus)' . Lokhu kuvame ukusabalala lapho umuntu onegciwane engagezi izandla zakhe kahle ngaphambi kokulungisa ukudla bese ekuphakela abanye. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukudla kwasolwandle njenge-oyster kungaqukatha ngokwemvelo i-'(Norovirus)'. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kuphekwe kahle ngaphambi kokudla.

Ingabe i-`(i-Norovirus)` iyisifo esithathelwanayo?

Yebo impela! `(I-Norovirus)` iyigciwane elisakazeka ngokushesha kakhulu futhi kalula lisuka komunye umuntu liye komunye. Uma unaleli gciwane, umzimba wakho ukhipha izigidigidi zezinhlayiya ezincane zegciwane. Lezi zanele ukugulisa abanye abantu. Cabanga nje, kungadinga ezimbalwa nje zalezi zinhlayiya zegciwane ukugulisa omunye umuntu!

Kuthatha cishe amahora ayi-12 kuya kwangu-48 ukuthi igciwane lingene emzimbeni wakho futhi libangele izimpawu. Lesi sikhathi sibizwa ngokuthi "isikhathi sokufukamela." Kodwa ngisho nangemva kokuba izimpawu zakho seziphelile, usengasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye cishe izinsuku ezimbili (amahora angu-48). Ngakho-ke kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu.

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola i-`(i-Norovirus)`?

Eqinisweni, noma ubani angathola `(i-Norovirus)`. Kodwa-ke, cishe uyoyithola uma:

• Uma uchitha isikhathi nomuntu onegciwane.
• Abanye abantu basengozini yofuzo yokuthola leli gciwane. Lokho kusho ukuthi imizimba yabo isheshe izwele kakhulu kuleli gciwane.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-`(Norovirus)`?

Ukuba ne-`(Norovirus)` kunzima kakhulu. Uma uhlanza njalo futhi unesifo sohudo, umzimba wakho ukhathele kakhulu. Uma izakhamzimba noketshezi emzimbeni kulahleka ngale ndlela, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungenzeka. Lena inkinga eyinhloko eyingozi ye-`(Norovirus)`.

Lezi izimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni:

• Ukuncipha kokuchama noma umchamo onombala omnyama.
• Umlomo owomile.
• Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka kanye nesiyezi.
• Ikhanda elibuhlungu .

Ngaphezu kwalezi zimpawu, izingane ezincane zingase zibhekane nalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Ukukhala ngaphandle kwezinyembezi.
• Ukuzulazula njalo, ukungahlaliseki.
• Ukulala usuku lonke.

Uma une-`(i-Norovirus)`, isisu sakho namathumbu akho kuyavuvukala, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukudla noma ukuphuza. Ungase uhlanze noma yini oyidlayo noma oyiphuzayo, noma uzame ukuyikhipha. Kodwa kufanele uzame ukudla noma ukuphuza. Ungazami ukudla noma ukuphuza okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Yidla kancane kancane, usuku lonke, futhi uphuze kancane kancane. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udla kakhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa noma uyidla ngokushesha, umzimba wakho ungayenqaba.

Ungayibona kanjani i-`(i-Norovirus)`?

Udokotela uzokuxilonga ukuthi une-Norovirus ngemva kokulalela izimpawu zakho. Esikhathini esiningi, akudingeki ukuhlolwa okukhethekile. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi, isampula yendle ingahlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe. Lokhu kungadingeka, ikakhulukazi uma unezinye izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo noma uma amasosha omzimba wakho ebuthaka.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha `(i-Norovirus)`?

Ngeshwa, ayikho ikhambi eliqondile le-Norovirus.Lokhu kusho ukuthi alikho ikhambi laleli gciwane. Ukwelashwa kuhloswe kakhulu ukulawula izimpawu nokunikeza induduzo. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuphela zodwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezintathu. Ungenza okulandelayo ukusiza ekulawuleni lezi zimpawu:

• Phuza uketshezi oluningi. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza uketshezi oluqukethe ama-electrolyte (njengamanzi). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuhlanza nohudo kubangela ukuthi umzimba ulahlekelwe ama-electrolyte.
• Phumula ngokwanele. Ungawusebenzisi umzimba wakho ngokweqile.
• Yidla ukudla okuthambile, okungaxubile. Izinto ezifana nephalishi lelayisi kanye nesobho zilungile. Gwema ukudla okunamafutha nokunongiwe.

Ingabe ukuthuthukiswa kwe-`(i-Norovirus)` kungavinjelwa?

Impela! Kunezinto eziningana esingazenza ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwe-`(i-Norovirus)`. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela lezi, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi lapho izifo zisakazeka khona.

• Geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi njalo. Kubalulekile ukugeza izandla zakho okungenani imizuzwana engama-20.
• Geza imifino nezithelo kahle ngaphambi kokudla.
• Pheka ukudla kahle, ikakhulukazi ukudla kwasolwandle kanye ne-shellfish, kuze kufike ezingeni lokushisa elingaphezu kwama-degrees Fahrenheit angu-145 (62.77 Celsius).
• Gwema ukusondelana eduze nabantu abangenwe yi-Norovirus.
• Hlanza futhi ubulale amagciwane ezindaweni ezivame ukuthintwa (njengezibambo zomnyango, amatafula, amafoni) kanye nezimpahla njalo.
• Geza izingubo kahle, ikakhulukazi uma zingcoliswe ukuhlanza noma uhudo.

Khumbula, ukugeza izandla zakho ngensipho namanzi kuphumelela kakhulu ekubulaleni izinhlayiya ze-Norovirus kunokusebenzisa i-sanitizer yezandla.

Uma unesifo `(i-Norovirus)`, akufanele ulungiselele abanye ukudla noma ubanakekele, njengoba ungasabalalisa lesi sifo kwabanye.

Ungayithola i-Norovirus kabili?

Yebo, ungayithola i-Norovirus izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene (izinhlobo) zayo. Uma usuthelelekile ngohlobo olulodwa, umzimba wakho ungakha amasosha omzimba (isivikelo) kulolo hlobo. Kodwa hhayi kuzo zonke izinhlobo. Lokho kusho ukuthi ungayithola i-Norovirus izikhathi eziningana empilweni yakho. Futhi, amasosha omzimba owuthola ngokuthola uhlobo olulodwa awahlali phakade. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi uphinde uthole uhlobo olufanayo ngemva kwesikhathi eside, ngisho nangemva kokuyithola okokuqala.

Yini ongayilindela uma uthola i-`(i-Norovirus)`?

Izimpawu ze-`(Norovirus)` zivame ukuqala ngokuzumayo futhi zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ungase ube nokuhlanza nesifo sohudo izinsuku eziningana. Lokhu kungaqhubeka kuze kube yilapho ukugula sekuphelile ngokuphelele. Ungase uzizwe sengathi ufuna ukudla noma ukuphuza. Kodwa uma ungadli noma ungaphuzi, usengozini enkulu yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Uma ungakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela.

Khumbula, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zalokhu, ngakho ungacabangi ukuthi ngoba nje wake waba nakho kanye, ngeke kuphinde kwenzeke. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyisifo sesikhashana. Esikhathini esiningi, akubanga nemiphumela yesikhathi eside.

I-Norovirus ingahlala isikhathi esingakanani emzimbeni wami?

Uma usuthole i-Norovirus, ungalikhipha igciwane esithweni sakho sangasese ngisho nangaphambi kokuba uqale ukukhombisa izimpawu. Ungalikhipha futhi igciwane kuze kube amasonto amabili ngemuva kokuba izimpawu zakho seziphelile. Kodwa-ke, ungalidlulisela kwabanye lesi sifo kuze kube amahora angu-48 ngemuva kokuba usuthelelekile futhi izimpawu zakho seziphelile.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ubonane nodokotela ezimweni ezilandelayo:

• Uma ungakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza, lokhu kungabangela ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
• Uma izimpawu zakho zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezintathu.
• Uma ubonisa izimpawu ezinzima zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (umchamo omnyama, ukozela ngokweqile, umlomo nezindebe ezomile, isiyezi).
• Uma ingane isencane, inokuhlanza/uhudo oluqhubekayo, ingadli noma ingaphuzi, ayikhiphi izinyembezi uma ikhala, noma ilala kakhulu.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma uya kudokotela, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingabe ngine-Norovirus noma olunye ukutheleleka?
• Ngingadla futhi ngiphuze kanjani njengoba ngigula kangaka?
• Ingabe ikhona imithi engingayisebenzisa ezongisiza ngilulame ngokushesha?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngivimbele lokhu ukuthi kungasabalali emndenini wami wonke?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-`(Norovirus)` kanye ne-`(Rotavirus)`?

Kokubili `(i-Norovirus)` kanye `(i-Rotavirus)` kuyizifo ezibangela ukuvuvukala kwesisu namathumbu (`(i-Gastroenteritis)`). Kodwa-ke, lezi ezimbili azifani, kodwa zihlukile. Manje sekukhona umuthi wokugomela `(i-Rotavirus), ikakhulukazi wezingane ezincane. Kodwa-ke, awukho umuthi wokugomela onjalo okwamanje we-`(i-Norovirus).`

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

`(I-Norovirus)` igciwane elivela ngokuzumayo futhi libangele ukungakhululeki kwangempela. Kuyacasula ngempela uma ufuna ukudla nokuphuza, kodwa umzimba wakho awufuni ukukwamukela. Ngenhlanhla, lesi simo sivame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ungadla ukudla okuncane usuku lonke esikhundleni sokudla okukhulu, bese uphuza uketshezi oluncane.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuzivikela ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni nokuvimbela ukusabalala kwawo kwabanye.

Uma ungakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza, noma uma izimpawu zakho zihlala izinsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu, qiniseka ukuthi ufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha. Ungakhohlwa ukugeza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi. Leyo yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela kulezi zinhlobo zokutheleleka. Qaphela!

I- Norovirus, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, izifo ezithelelanayo, ubuthi bokudla, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, impilo