Uma uthatha umbiko wegazi, ikakhulukazi umbiko we-cholesterol, kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi kunamagama amaningi afana ne-LDL, i-VLDL, ne-Triglycerides, kanye nenani elibizwa nge-HDL. Ukubona lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kungakwenza udideke kancane, akunjalo? Ungase uzibuze, "Yikuphi kwalokhu okuhle? Yikuphi okubi?" Ungakhathazeki. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngenye yalezi, i-HDL, abantu abaningi abayibiza ngokuthi 'i-cholesterol enhle', ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, iyini le cholesterol ye-HDL?
I-cholesterol ye-HDL yinto etholakala egazini lakho. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, yinto esiza udokotela wakho ukuthi athole umbono ngengozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo . Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okufanele ukuhlole i-cholesterol yakho kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Lipid Panel". Yilapho uzobona khona leli nani le-HDL (ngezinye izikhathi elibizwa nge-HDL-C) kulowo mbiko.
Ngokungafani ne-cholesterol ye-LDL (i-cholesterol embi) esivame ukukhuluma ngayo, izinga le-cholesterol ye-HDL eliphakeme kancane kunejwayelekile libonisa ukuthi ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo iphansi. Yingakho siyibiza ngokuthi "i-cholesterol enhle."
Kodwa-ke, akukuhle ukuba nayo kakhulu. Uma izinga lakho le-HDL liphezulu ngendlela engavamile, kungase kubonise ukuthi amazinga akho e-cholesterol aphansi (i-dyslipidemia). Ngakho-ke, udokotela wakho uzohlala ezama ukukusiza ukuthi ugcine izinga lakho le-HDL lingaphakathi kwebanga elifanele.
Lisho ukuthini igama elithi HDL?
I-HDL imele i- High-Density Lipoprotein . I-lipoprotein iyinhlayiya encane eyenziwe ngamafutha (njengamafutha) namaprotheni.
Cabanga nge-cholesterol emizimbeni yethu njengabagibeli. Laba bagibeli abakwazi ukuhamba ngegazi bodwa. Badinga izimoto ukuze bahambe. Lezo zimoto, noma 'amabhasi', yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi ama-lipoprotein.
Le HDL iwuhlobo olulodwa nje 'lwebhasi' oluhamba egazini lakho. Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zamabhasi abizwa ngokuthi i-LDL ne-VLDL. Umbiko wakho we-"Lipid Panel" ukhombisa ukuthi ingakanani i-cholesterol yohlobo ngalunye eyayihamba egazini lakho ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwegazi.
Lokho kusho ukuthi, i-HDL ne-HDL cholesterol azifani ngempela. I-HDL imele 'ibhasi', kanti i-HDL cholesterol imele abagibeli (i-cholesterol) kulelo bhasi. Kodwa ngolimi oluvamile, sikhuluma ngento efanayo kokubili.
Yisiphi isizathu esikhethekile sokuthi kungani i-HDL 'iyi-cholesterol enhle'?
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi izinhlayiya ze-HDL “zinhle” ukuthi ucwaningo lwezokwelapha luthole ukuthi amazinga aphezulu azo anciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-HDL ukuqoqa i-cholesterol engafuneki, eningi emzimbeni bese uyiyisa esibindini. Njengomuntu oqoqa udoti emgwaqweni. Isibindi sibe sesiyiphula le cholesterol bese siyikhipha emzimbeni ngendle.
Lokhu kuyinto enhle kakhulu. Ngoba, uma i-cholesterol egazini ikhuphuka, ingafakwa ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, yakhe lokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-plaque". Lokhu kungabangela ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi futhi kuholele ezimweni ezimbi njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nohlangothi.
Ngakho-ke, sidinga ukuba 'nama-'bhasi' e-HDL anele egazini lethu ukuze sithathe i-cholesterol eyengeziwe emzimbeni wethu. Akukhona lokho kuphela, i-HDL iyasiza ekulweni nokuvuvukala emzimbeni futhi ivimbele ukuqhekeka kwegazi . Yingakho siyithanda kakhulu i-HDL, ifana nomngane omkhulu wenhliziyo yethu.
Yiziphi izindinganiso ezinconywayo ze-cholesterol ye-HDL?
Leli thebula libonisa amanani ajwayelekile nangavamile amazinga e-cholesterol ye-HDL kubantu abadala. Lawa manani ayahluka kancane ngobulili.
| Izinga le-HDL | Inani (ku-mg/dL) |
|---|---|
| Amazinga aphansi e-HDL (awalungile) | Amadoda: ngaphansi kuka-40 mg/dL Owesifazane: ngaphansi kuka-50 mg/dL |
| Izinga le-HDL Eliphilile/Elijwayelekile | Amadoda: phakathi kuka-40 no-80 mg/dL Owesifazane: phakathi kuka-50 no-80 mg/dL |
| Izinga le-HDL eliphezulu kakhulu | Kuwo wonke umuntu: ngaphezu kuka-80 mg/dL |
Ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha, izinga elijwayelekile le-HDL libhekwa njengeliphakathi kuka-45 no-80 mg/dL.
Yiziphi izimbangela zamazinga aphansi e-HDL?
Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani amazinga akho e-cholesterol ye-HDL engaba phansi. Ezinye zazo yilezi:
- I-Metabolic syndrome: Lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yezinto ezandisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. I-HDL ephansi ingenye yezimpawu zayo.
- Isisindo somzimba esiningi (i-BMI engaphezu kuka-25): Ukuba namafutha amaningi emzimbeni kunganciphisa amazinga e-HDL.
- Ukubhema nokusebenzisa ugwayi: Akuzona nje ugwayi nama-bidis, kodwa futhi ne-nicotine etholakala kuma-e-cigarettes yehlisa i-HDL.
- Ukumelana ne-insulin: Uma amafutha omzimba enyuka, kuba nzima nge-insulin ukulawula ushukela egazini. Lokhu futhi kuyimbangela ye-HDL ephansi.
- Izimo zofuzo: Ezinye izimo zofuzo ezifana 'ne-Familial combined hyperlipidemia', 'i-ApoA1 deficiency', 'isifo se-Tangier' zingabangela amazinga aphansi e-HDL.
- Eminye imithi oyithathayo: Isibonelo, eminye imithi yokuvimbela i-beta, ama-hormone, noma imithi yokukhipha isisu (amaphilisi amanzi) inganciphisa i-HDL okwesikhashana. Kodwa ungayeki ukuthatha imithi enqunywe udokotela wakho ngenxa yalokhu. Ukwenza kanjalo kungandisa ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo.
Kungani amazinga e-HDL enyuka ngokungadingekile?
Ngezinye izikhathi amazinga e-HDL angaba ngaphezu kuka-80 mg/dL. Lokhu kungabangelwa yilokhu:
- Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile
- I-Hyperthyroidism (i-thyroid gland esebenza ngokweqile)
- Izimo ezifana ``ne-cholangitis ye-biliary eyinhloko``
- Izinguquko ezithile ezakhiweni zofuzo
- Imiphumela emibi yemithi ethile
Ngingakwazi yini ukulawula izinga lami le-HDL?
Yebo, ungakwenza nakanjani! Uma izinga lakho le-HDL liphansi, udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ngezindlela zokulikhulisa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Ukudla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo (isib. imifino, izithelo, izinhlanzi eziqukethe i-omega-3, amantongomane).
- Ukuzivocavoca umzimba nsuku zonke.
- Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
Uma izinga lakho le-HDL liphezulu ngendlela engavamile, udokotela wakho uzophenya imbangela bese ekunikeza ukwelashwa uma kudingeka.
Uma ubheka umbiko wakho we-cholesterol, khumbula ukuthi u-'H' ku-HDL umele ukuthi 'Usizo.' I-HDL uhlobo lwe-cholesterol olusiza umzimba.
Kungaba nzima kancane ukuqonda amanani embikweni wakho we-cholesterol. Kodwa ungadideki. Uma izinga lakho le-HDL lingaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile, udokotela wakho ukhona ukuthola imbangela futhi ayelaphe. Khumbula, lapho wenza izinqumo ngempilo yakho, udokotela wakho ungumlingani wakho omkhulu. Mbuze noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-HDL 'iyi-cholesterol enhle' ethwala i-cholesterol embi eningi, eningi isuka emzimbeni wethu iye esibindini ukuze isuswe.
- Ukuba namazinga aphezulu e-HDL ngokuvamile kunciphisa ingozi yesifo senhliziyo. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nawo aphezulu kakhulu akuyona into enhle ngaso sonke isikhathi.
- Uma izinga lakho le-HDL liphansi, ungalikhulisa ngokudla ukudla okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca, nokugcina isisindo esinempilo.
- Uma unemibuzo mayelana namanani embikweni wakho we-cholesterol, ungadideki futhi ukhulume nodokotela wakho. Uzokuchazela konke.
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