Ingabe udokotela wakho ukunike umjovo we-heparin ukuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi emzimbeni wakho noma ukuvimba ukujiya kwegazi okukhona ukuthi kungakhuli? Noma ingabe unikeza lo muthi othile emndenini wakho? Ungase wesabe ukuzwa leli gama. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lo muthi ubaluleke kakhulu osetshenziswa njalo. Namuhla, sizoxoxa ngalo muthi obizwa ngokuthi i-heparin ngamagama alula.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Heparin?
I-Heparin umuthi ovimbela ukujiya kwegazi . Ngokwezokwelapha, lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi "i-anticoagulant". Cabanga nje, uma i-blood clot ivele ngokungadingekile ngaphakathi kwemithambo yethu yegazi, ingaphazamisa ukugeleza kwegazi. La ma-blood clot angakheka emithanjeni, emithanjeni, emaphashini, noma enhliziyweni. Lokho okwenziwa umjovo we-heparin ukuvimba ama-blood clot anjalo ukuthi akheke noma ukuvimbela i-blood clot esevele yakhekile ukuthi ikhule.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isetshenziswa futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ezikhethekile.
- Lapho wenza ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile.
- Ngesikhathi sokuhlanza izinso kweziguli ezinesifo sezinso.
- Vimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi ezigulini ezihlala embhedeni isikhathi eside ngemva kokuhlinzwa noma ngenxa yesinye isimo sezokwelapha.
Izinto okufanele uzitshele udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha lo muthi
Ngaphambi kokukunikeza i-heparin, udokotela wakho kuzodingeka azi umlando wakho wezempilo ophelele. Qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho uma unezinye zezimo ezibalwe ngezansi.
| Isimo sempilo noma ithuba | Ngicela utshele udokotela. |
|---|---|
| Izifo zokopha | Isibonelo, isifo esifana ne-hemophilia noma isimo lapho kunamazinga aphansi ama-platelet egazi. |
| Izifo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla | Izimo ezifana nesifo samathumbu noma i-diverticulitis. |
| Ukutheleleka kwenhliziyo | Izimo ezifana ne-'Endocarditis' (ukutheleleka kwe-valve yenhliziyo). |
| Umfutho wegazi ophakeme | Uma uthatha ukwelashwa komfutho wegazi ophakeme noma uma kungalawulwa. |
| Izifo zesibindi | Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sesibindi. |
| Ukuhlinzwa kwakamuva noma ukubeletha | Uma usanda kuhlinzwa noma ubelethe. |
| Izilonda zesisu | Izilonda zesisu zamanje noma zangaphambilini. |
| Ukungezwani komzimba | Uma une-allergy ku-heparin, ama-sulfite, eminye imithi, ukudla, noma izithasiselo. |
| Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa | Uma ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, noma uncelisa. |
Uyisebenzisa kanjani le mithi?
Lo mjovo uvame ukunikezwa esibhedlela noma emtholampilo nguchwepheshe wezokwelapha oqeqeshiwe. Unikezwa njengomjovo emthanjeni (`injection`) noma njenge-drip emithanjeni (`infusion`) njenge-saline. Ngezinye izikhathi, inani elincane lifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
Kungase kudingeke uzinike lo mjovo ekhaya. Uma kunjalo, uzofundiswa ukuthi uwulungiselele kanjani futhi uwufake ngendlela efanele. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha umuthi njengoba uyalelwe, ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Uma wenza kanjalo, ingozi yakho yokuba nehlule legazi inganda futhi.
Wenzani ngezinaliti ezisetshenzisiwe kanye nezirinji?
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Ungalokothi ulahle izinaliti ezisetshenzisiwe kanye nesirinji emgqonyeni kadoti. Sebenzisa isitsha esikhethekile sokuhlaba esinikezwe zona. Uma ungenaso, ungacela udokotela wakho akunike sona.
Kuthiwani uma umthamo wemithi ukhuphuka?
Uma ucabanga ukuthi uphuze i-overdose, iya eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) oseduze nawe ngokushesha. Noma shayela i-National Poisons Information Centre e-Colombo National Hospital ukuze uthole iseluleko.
Izinto okufanele uziqaphele lapho uthatha umuthi
- Ukuhlolwa okuvamile: Iya kokuhlolwa okuhleliwe ngudokotela wakho. Kungase kudingeke futhi ukuthi uhlolwe igazi. Ungaweqi la ma-aphoyintimenti.
- Gwema ukulimala: Ngesikhathi uthatha lo muthi, ungopha kalula. Ngakho-ke, gwema ezemidlalo nemisebenzi engabangela ukuba uwe noma ulimele. Qaphela kakhulu uma usebenzisa izinto ezibukhali njengemimese. Uma ushefa, kuphephile ukusebenzisa i-razor kagesi. Yiba mnene kakhulu lapho uxubha futhi ufaka i-floss yamazinyo akho.
- Bika noma yikuphi ukulimala: Uma ubona noma yikuphi ukuklwebheka, amabala abomvu, noma ukuphuma kwegazi ngokweqile ngisho noma kungokulimala okuncane, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Isaziso sangaphambi kokuhlinzwa: Uma uhlelelwe ukuhlinzwa (ngisho nokukhishwa kwezinyo), qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela ukuthi uthatha i-heparin.
- Izandla nezinyawo ezibandayo: Uma izandla noma izinyawo zakho zizizwa zibanda futhi ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kungaba yinkinga yokujikeleza kwegazi. Tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside: Ukuthatha i-heparin isikhathi eside kungenza amathambo abe buthaka futhi kwandise ingozi yokuphuka kwamathambo. Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthola i-calcium ne-vitamin D eyanele ekudleni kwakho.
Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona yomuthi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, i-heparin ingabangela imiphumela emibi. Eminye yale miphumela iyingozi, kanti eminye ivamile.
| Imiphumela emibi okufanele ibikwe kudokotela wakho ngokushesha | |
|---|---|
| Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba | Ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala kobuso, izindebe noma ulimi. |
| Izimpawu zokopha | Indle emnyama noma ephuzile; umchamo obomvu noma onsundu omnyama; ukuhlanza okufana nokugayiwe kwekhofi; amabala abomvu esikhumbeni; ukuphuma kwegazi okungavamile emehlweni, ezinsinini, noma ekhaleni. |
| Izimpawu ze-clot yegazi | Ubuhlungu besifuba; ubunzima bokuphefumula; ubuhlungu bomlenze, ukuvuvukala, noma umuzwa ofudumele. |
| Izimpawu Zokushaywa Yisifo Sohlangothi | Ukushintsha kombono; ukudideka; ubunzima bokukhuluma noma ukuqonda; ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu; ukungazweli noma ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe ebusweni, engalweni, noma emlenzeni; ubunzima bokuhamba; isiyezi. |
| Ezinye izici | Ubuhlungu bamathambo, umkhuhlane, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza. |
| Imiphumela emibi evamile okufanele ibikwe kudokotela uma iqhubeka | |
| Ukulahlekelwa izinwele | Ukulahlekelwa izinwele okwesikhashana. |
| Ubuhlungu endaweni yokujova | Ubuhlungu, ukubomvu, noma ukuvuvukala okuncane endaweni yokujova. |
Ezinye izinto ezingase zihlangane nalo muthi
Uma uthatha i-heparin, kufanele ugweme ukuthatha eminye imithi. Tshela udokotela wakho ngayo yonke imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini kanye nemithi yamakhambi).
Ingozi yokopha iyanda kakhulu uma uthatha imithi, ikakhulukazi i-aspirin kanye ne-NSAID (isb., i-ibuprofen, i-naproxen), kanye ne-heparin. Ngakho-ke, ungaphuzi noma yimiphi imithi yokwelapha izinhlungu ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela.
Izinto ezinjengokubhema nokuphuza utshwala nazo zingathinta ukusebenza kahle kwalomuthi. Ngakho-ke khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokho futhi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Heparin umuthi obaluleke kakhulu ovimbela ukujiya kwegazi. Ungesabi.
- Thatha umuthi njengoba nje udokotela wakho ekutshelile, ngomthamo ofanele, ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi wakho ngaphandle kweseluleko.
- Qaphela kakhulu lapho uthatha lo muthi, ngoba ngisho nokulimala okuncane kungabangela ukopha.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezinkulu njengokuphuma kwegazi okungavamile, ikhanda elibuhlungu kakhulu, noma ubuhlungu besifuba, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Yazisa udokotela wakho ngayo yonke eminye imithi oyithathayo.
- Lahla izinaliti ezisetshenzisiwe kanye nezinaliti ngokuphephile esitsheni esikhethekile.
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