I-Hepatoblastoma: Uyazi ngale nselele engavamile esibindini somntwana wakho?

Bomama nobaba, nihlala nicabanga ngempilo yengane yenu encane, akunjalo? Ngezinye izikhathi, ngisho nobuhlungu besisu noma ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kungakwenza uzizwe wesaba kakhulu futhi ukhathazekile. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngomdlavuza ongase ubesabise kancane kubazali, kodwa ngenhlanhla, awuvamile kakhulu . Yilokhu odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi i-hepatoblastoma. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyinkimbinkimbi kancane, masiligcine lilula.

Kuyini i-hepatoblastoma? Ake sikuqonde kalula.

Kalula nje, i-hepatoblastoma uhlobo olungavamile kakhulu lomdlavuza wesibindi . Luthinta kakhulu izingane ezincane eziphakathi kweminyaka engu-1 no-3. Ngisho nasezweni elifana ne-United States, lesi simo senzeka ezinganeni eyodwa noma ezimbili kwesigidi. Lokho kusho ukuthi asivamile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma lesi sifo sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi iqhubu noma amaqhubu anomdlavuza angasuswa ngokuhlinzwa, ingane ingelapheka ngokuphelele . Ngezinye izikhathi, ukufakelwa isibindi kungenye indlela yokwelapha.

Ingabe ingane yakho encane inazo lezi zimpawu? Qaphela!

Kunezimpawu eziningana ezivamile ezingabonakala endabeni ye-hepatoblastoma. Kodwa khumbula, ungesabi ukucabanga ukuthi yilesi sifo ngoba nje unalezi zimpawu. Lezi zingabangelwa ezinye izizathu ezilula. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zinto ziqhubeka, kungcono ukubona udokotela.

• Ubuhlungu besisu (ikakhulukazi ohlangothini oluphakathi noma oluphezulu kwesokudla lwesisu).
• Iqhubu elingavamile esiswini. Cabanga nje, lapho ugeza ingane yakho noma ushintsha izingubo zayo, uzizwa into engavamile, njengesiqhubu, esiswini.
• Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla kwesisindo (ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo). Ingane ayidli kakhulu njengakuqala futhi kubonakala sengathi yehlisa isisindo.
• Ukucanuzela nokuhlanza okuqhubekayo.
• Ukuphuzi kwesikhumba noma amehlo (i-jaundice).

I-Hepatoblastoma ivame ukuba umdlavuza okhula kancane . Ngakho-ke, ingane yakho ingase ingakhombisi zimpawu kuze kube yilapho isimila somdlavuza sikhulu ngokwanele ukuthi sithinte umzimba. Isibonelo, ingane yakho ingase ibe nobuhlungu besisu izinsuku eziningana, noma ingase ibonakale sengathi yehla isisindo. Akuzona zonke izinhlungu zesisu ezibangelwa yi-hepatoblastoma. Kodwa-ke, uma unezinkinga, njengokuthi "lokhu akusikho nje ubuhlungu besisu," ungangabazi ukubona udokotela wezingane wengane yakho ngokushesha.

Kungani lokhu kwenzeka? Yiziphi izizathu?

Eqinisweni, ochwepheshe abakakazi kahle ukuthi amangqamuzana esibindi aphilile aphenduka kanjani abe amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo ezithile ezandisa ingozi ye-hepatoblastoma:

• Ukuzalwa unesisindo esincane kakhulu (isisindo sokuzalwa esingaphansi kwamakhilogremu angu-2.4).
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37).
• I-Aicardi syndrome: Lokhu kungabangela ukukhubazeka ebuchosheni bomntwana nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.
• I-Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: Lokhu kungathinta intuthuko yengane futhi kwandise ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza.
• I-Biliary atresia: Lokhu kungavimba imigudu ye-bile ezinganeni ezincane futhi kubangele ukulimala kwesibindi.
• I-Edwards syndrome (i-trisomy 18): Lokhu kuthinta indlela umzimba wengane okhula ngayo.
• I-Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP): Lokhu kubangela inani elikhulu lama-microps amancane (ama-polyps) ku-colon angaba umdlavuza.
• I-Hemihyperplasia: Kulokhu, uhlangothi olulodwa lomzimba wengane lukhula ngokushesha kunolunye.
• I-Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGB): Lokhu kungabangela ukukhubazeka esibindini nakwezinye izitho zomzimba ezinganeni.

Akuzona zonke izingane ezinalezi zimo ezizoba ne-hepatoblastoma. Futhi, ingane engenazo lezi zinto eziyingozi ingaba nalesi simo. Yingakho kuthiwa imbangela eqondile ayaziwa.

Ake sifunde futhi ngezinkinga (imiphumela engase ivele ngemuva kokwelashwa).

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza kwe-hepatoblastoma ngezinye izikhathi kungabangela imiphumela kamuva . Lezi yizinkinga zempilo ezibonakala ezinyangeni noma ngisho neminyaka ngemva kokuxilongwa noma ukwelashwa. Ingane yakho ingadinga ukulandelwa isikhathi eside kanye nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze ilawule lezi zinkinga.

Umdlavuza wesibili ungenye isibonelo somphumela osekupheleni. Okusho ukuthi, ukuthuthuka kohlobo olusha lomdlavuza ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni ngemuva kokuqeda ukwelashwa kwe-hepatoblastoma.

Le miphumela efika sekwephuzile ingathinta ingane yakho:

• Ikhono lokucabanga, lokufunda, nokukhumbula.
• Ukukhula nentuthuko.
• Imizwa, imizwa kanye nempilo yengqondo.
• Izitho zangaphakathi nezicubu.

Ungesabi lokhu. Odokotela nabo bayakwazi lokhu, ngakho-ke banaka izinto ezinjengalezi.

Odokotela basithola kanjani lesi sifo ngokunembile?

Uma uyisa ingane yakho kudokotela wezingane, bazoqala ngokuyihlola ngokomzimba . Bazokubuza ngezimpawu zengane yakho nokuthi sezinesikhathi esingakanani zikhona. Bese benza ezinye izivivinyo, ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): I-AFP iyinto ekhiqizwa yisibindi somntwana. Amazinga ayo ayahlolwa.
• Ukubalwa kwegazi okuphelele (i-CBC): Lokhu kulinganisa izinhlobo kanye nenani lamaseli egazi egazini lengane.
• Iphaneli ephelele ye-metabolic (CMP): Lokhu kuhlola izinto ezingu-14 ezahlukene egazini lengane kanye nokusebenza kwesibindi.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwesibindi kanye ne-Doppler: Lokhu kuvumela odokotela ukuthi bathathe izithombe zengaphakathi lesibindi sengane yakho.
• Ukuthwebula izithombe ze-magnetic resonance (MRI): Lokhu kuhlola kungaveza izithombe ezicacile zezitho zomzimba nemithambo yegazi.
• I-Vascular ultrasound: Lokhu kuhlolwa kwenziwa ukuze kubhekwe inethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi engena futhi iphuma esibindini sengane.

Udokotela wakho wezingane, uma kudingeka, angakudlulisela kudokotela wezifo zomdlavuza wezingane, udokotela ogxile ekwelapheni umdlavuza ezinganeni ezincane.

Zinqunywa kanjani izigaba zomdlavuza?

Ukunquma isigaba somdlavuza kubaluleke kakhulu kodokotela bezifo zomdlavuza ukuhlela ukwelashwa. Odokotela bezifo zomdlavuza bezingane basebenzisa izinhlelo ezimbili zokuhlukanisa esikhundleni sokuhlukanisa umdlavuza. Lezi yizi:

• ISINYATHELO: Lokhu kusho "izinga lesifo ngaphambi kokwelashwa." Ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, okunikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, udokotela ubheka ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani esibindini sengane. Inani lamaqhubu omdlavuza, ubukhulu bawo, kanye nohlobo lwawo kuyahlolwa.
• ISIHLOKO: Lokhu kusho ukuthi "ubukhulu besifo ngemuva kokwelashwa." Kubheka isimo ngemva kokwelashwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Isibindi sethu sinezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko (ama-lobe). Ochwepheshe bomdlavuza bahlukanisa lezi zingxenye ezimbili zibe yizigaba ezine ezengeziwe. Isigaba ngasinye sihlukaniswa ngokwenani lama-lobe esibindi aqukethe izimila ezinomdlavuza. Njengoba inani lama-lobe anezimila ezinomdlavuza landa, inani lezigaba nalo liyakhula.

Isibonelo, cabanga ngalokhu: Ukuhlolwa kuthola izigaxa ezimbili ezinomdlavuza ezingxenyeni ezimbili ezahlukene zesibindi sengane. Umdlavuza ube usuhlukaniswa njengesigaba sesi-2 se-PRETEXT. Uma ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kususa isigaxa esisodwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, umdlavuza uhlukaniswa njengesigaba soku-1 se-POSTTEXT. Udokotela ube esethi ingane manje ine-hepatoblastoma yesigaba soku-1.

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-hepatoblastoma yilezi:

• Isigaba I: Umdlavuza usengxenyeni eyodwa kuphela yesibindi sengane. Ezinye izingxenye ezintathu azithinteki.
• Isigaba II: Kunezimo ezimbili zalokhu. Esinye ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona ezingxenyeni ezimbili eziseduze kwesibindi, kodwa hhayi kwezinye izingxenye ezimbili. Esinye ukuthi umdlavuza ukhona engxenyeni eyodwa, kodwa hhayi ezingxenyeni ezimbili ezingaphandle.
• Isigaba III: Umdlavuza ukhona engxenyeni eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yesibindi, kodwa awukho umdlavuza ezingxenyeni eziseduze ngqo nezingxenye ezinomdlavuza.
• Isigaba IV:Umdlavuza ususakazekele kuzo zonke izingxenye ezine zesibindi sengane.

Nakuba lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwezigaba kungase kubonakale kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane, odokotela bazokuchazela kahle.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo?

Ukwelashwa okuvamile kakhulu ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe ingxenye yesibindi ethintekile umdlavuza . Isibindi singesinye sezitho ezimangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Ngoba yisona kuphela isitho esingakhula kabusha ngemva kokususwa kwengxenye ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isibindi sengane yakho sizokhula sibuyele esayizini waso wokuqala.

Udokotela wezingane ohlinzayo wengane yakho angase anqume ukukunikeza ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali okwengeziwe ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kwelashwa kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa isimila somdlavuza.

Ingane ingathola i-chemotherapy cishe amasonto amane kuya kwayisithupha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Le chemotherapy, enikezwa ngemva kokuhlinzwa, inciphisa amathuba okuthi umdlavuza uphinde ubuye.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-hepatoblastoma zifaka:

• Ukwelashwa kwe-Ablation: Lena inqubo engangenisi kakhulu i-hepatoblastoma ephindaphindayo.
• Ukufakelwa isibindi: Lokhu kuyindlela yokukhetha uma umdlavuza uthinte ingxenye ephakathi yesibindi noma izingxenye eziningi zesibindi.
• I-Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE): Le nqubo ihilela ukuqeda ukuhlinzekwa kwegazi esimila somdlavuza kanye nokulethwa kwemithi ye-chemotherapy ngqo esimila.

Ingabe i-hepatoblastoma ingelapheka?

Yebo, kungenziwa. Kodwa kuncike ekutheni ingane yakho itholakale nini nokuthi ithola ukwelashwa isikhathi esingakanani. I-Hepatoblastoma ingelapheka uma udokotela ohlinzayo wengane yakho engasusa yonke noma ingxenye yesimila somdlavuza .

"Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okusheshayo yizinto ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu ekulweni nalesi sifo."

Ziyini amazinga okusinda?

Amazinga okusinda komdlavuza ayizilinganiso kuphela ezisekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu abanezinhlobo ezahlukene zomdlavuza. Sekukonke, izingane ezine kwezi-5 ezine-hepatoblastoma zisinda eminyakeni emihlanu ngemva kokuxilongwa .

Uma ucabanga ngamazinga okululama, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho kwengane yakho kungase kuhluke kokwabanye abantwana .

Kunezici eziningi ezingathinta ukubikezelwa kwesifo se-hepatoblastoma. Uma unemibuzo mayelana namazinga okusinda, udokotela wezingane ohlinzayo ungumthombo ongcono kakhulu wolwazi. Angachaza ukuthi lezi zibalo zisho ukuthini endabeni yengane yakho.

Ingane yami kufanele ibone nini udokotela?

Ingane yakho kufanele ibe nezikhathi zokulandelela njalo nethimba lokunakekela umdlavuza. Ithimba lizohlola impilo yengane yakho njalo, okuhlanganisa nanoma yimiphi imiphumela engemihle. Lizohlola nezimpawu zokubuya kwe-hepatoblastoma noma umdlavuza omusha.

Kufanele ngiyise nini ingane yami eGumbini Lezimo Eziphuthumayo?

Ukwelashwa kwe-hepatoblastoma kuvame ukuhilela ukuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kungabangela izinkinga, njengokutheleleka. Thatha ingane yakho uye nayo ekamelweni eliphuthumayo ngokushesha uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Uma umkhuhlane ungaphezu kwama-degrees Celsius angu-100.4 (38.3 degrees Celsius).
• Uma indawo yokuhlinzwa ibomvu ngokumnyama, noma uma ingane izwa ubuhlungu lapho uyithinta.
• Uma kuvela uketshezi oluluhlaza noma oluphuzi endaweni yokuhlinzwa.

Ungamsiza kanjani ingane yakho ngalezi zivivinyo kanye nokwelashwa?

Ukuhlolwa kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi kungani ingane yakho igula. Kodwa izinaliti zokudonsa igazi zingalimaza. Izingane zingase zesabe umsindo wemishini ye-MRI. Izingane zingase zizizwe zikhathazekile futhi zesabe nge-chemotherapy noma ukuhlinzwa. Kuvamile kakhulu ukuthi ingane isabele ngale ndlela uma inomdlavuza. Ukusebenza nochwepheshe wempilo yengane ngalesi sikhathi kungaba usizo olukhulu enganeni yakho (nakuwe) njengoba idlula kulezi zivivinyo kanye nokwelashwa.

Uma uthola ukuthi ingane yakho ine-hepatoblastoma, ungase ukhungathekiswe yimizwa eminingi. Nakuba ungase uzame ukuhlala uzolile ngaphandle, ungase uzizwe sengathi uyawa ngaphakathi. Lesi isikhathi esinzima kakhulu. Nakuba i-hepatoblastoma ingelapheka ngokwelashwa, ukubhekana nokwelashwa kungaba yinselele kokubili enganeni nakubathandekayo bayo.

Udokotela ohlinzayo wengane yakho kanye nethimba lonke lokunakekela bayakuqonda lokhu. Bazokwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukuze ukwelashwa kube lula ngangokunokwenzeka. Bazokujabulela nokuchaza lokho ongakulindela nokuthi ungasiza kanjani ingane yakho. Khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa.

Okokugcina, izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-Hepatoblastoma umdlavuza wesibindi ongavamile kakhulu othinta kakhulu izingane ezincane eziphakathi kweminyaka eyi-1-3.
• Qaphela izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, ukuqunjelwa, ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, ukwehla kwesisindo, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, kanye ne-jaundice. Ungesabi ngoba nje unalezi zinto, kodwa bona udokotela.
• Lesi sifo selapheka kalula uma sitholakala kusenesikhathi futhi sithola ukwelashwa ngokushesha .
• Izindlela zokwelapha zifaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali, kanye nokufakelwa kwesibindi.
• Imiphumela yesikhathi esisheshayo ingenzeka ngemva kokwelashwa, ngakho-ke ukulandelwa kwesikhathi eside kubalulekile.
• Gcina ukuxhumana okuhle nodokotela wengane yakho. Buza yonke imibuzo yakho nezinto ezikukhathazayo.
• Thola ukwesekwa kwengqondo nokwemizwa kwakho kanye nomntanakho phakathi nalolu hambo.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza ukuthi uqonde lesi simo esingavamile. Ngifisela ingane yakho ukululama okusheshayo!

I- Hepatoblastoma, umdlavuza wesibindi, umdlavuza wobuntwana, ubuhlungu besisu, isibindi, izimpawu zomdlavuza, ukwelashwa komdlavuza