Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi unesifo sezinso sesigaba sesi-3? Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba kancane futhi ushaqekile uma uzwa la mazwi. "Hawu Nkulunkulu wami, kuzokwenzekani ngokulandelayo?", "Ingabe impilo yami inqunyelwe?", njll. Imibuzo eminingi ingase ifike engqondweni yakho. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lokhu akusona ukuphela kwempilo yakho. Lokhu kumane kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi udinga ukunakekela impilo yakho kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu namuhla, ngokucacile nangokulula, futhi sithole izimpendulo zayo yonke imibuzo onayo engqondweni.
Siyini ngempela isifo sezinso sesigaba sesi-3?
Kalula nje, izinso ezimbili emzimbeni wethu zifana nezihlungi ezimbili ezinkulu. Umsebenzi wazo oyinhloko ukuhlunga ukungcola nezinto ezingafuneki egazini bese zikukhipha njengomchamo. Isifo sezinso yilapho umsebenzi walezi zihlungi ezimbili wehla kancane kancane.
Kunezigaba ezi-5 zesifo sezinso. Isigaba sesi-3 sisho ukuthi izinso zakho zinciphise ukusebenza kwazo kwaba cishe ingxenye yokuvamile. Cabanga ngesimo lapho imishini engu-50 kweyi-100 efektri ingasebenzi.
Odokotela balinganisa lokhu ngokuhlolwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate). Kalula nje, leli nani le-GFR likutshela ukuthi lingakanani igazi elingahlungwa yizinso zakho ngomzuzu. Esigabeni sesi-3, leli nani le-GFR liphakathi kuka-30 no-59. Lokhu futhi kunezingxenye ezimbili, i-3A kanye ne-3B. Esigabeni sesi-3B, ingozi iphakeme kancane.
Yiziphi izimpawu nemiphumela yezempilo ezwakalayo kulesi sigaba?
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi abasesigabeni sesi-3 abanazo izimpawu ezithile. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezithile.
- Ukuvuvukala kwezandla, izinyawo, noma amaqakala.
- Ubuhlungu emhlane (lapho izinso zitholakala khona).
- Izinguquko endleleni yokuchama (ukuchama okuningi noma okuncane).
Kodwa-ke, okuyingozi kakhulu kunalezi zimpawu imiphumela emibi yokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso. Lezi yizinto okudingeka siziqaphele ngempela.
| Inkinga yempilo engaba khona | Kuchazwe kalula |
|---|---|
| Umfutho Wegazi Ophakeme | Izinso azikwazi ukulawula umfutho wegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umfutho wegazi ophezulu ulimaza izinso kakhulu. Kungumjikelezo omubi osebenza ngazo zombili izindlela. |
| I-anemia | Izinso zikhiqiza i-hormone (i-Erythropoietin) esiza ekwakheni amangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Lapho izinso zihluleka, le hormone ayibe isanele, okuholela ekulahlekelweni yigazi. Lokhu kungakwenza uzizwe ukhathele futhi ungenampilo ngaso sonke isikhathi. |
| Isifo Samathambo | Izinso zisiza ukugcina amathambo eqinile ngokusebenzisa i-vitamin D. Uma le nqubo iphazamiseka, amathambo aba buthakathaka futhi aqale ukuqaqamba. |
Uma lesi simo singalashwa futhi singalawulwa, lesi sifo singaqhubekela esigabeni sesi-4. Isigaba sesi-4 yisimo esibi kakhulu esiseduze kakhulu nokwehluleka kwezinso. Uma ufika kuleso sigaba, uzodinga ukwelashwa nge-dialysis, okuwumshini ohlanza igazi lakho, noma ukufakelwa izinso, ukuze usinde.
Indlela yokulawula isigaba sesi-3? Yini okufanele siyenze?
Into yokuqala okufanele uyiqonde ukuthi umonakalo osuvele wenziwe awunakuguqulwa ngokuphelele. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuze simise ukulimala kwezinso okuqhubekayo nokulawula ezinye izifo esezivele zikhona. Lesi yisikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yakho.
Ushintsho lwendlela yokuphila
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela lezi zinto ngqo.
| Lokho okufanele sikwenze | Kungani lokho kubalulekile? |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlangana nodokotela ngosuku oluhleliwe | Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze kuqashwe isimo sakho futhi kwenziwe noma yiziphi izinguquko ezidingekayo. Kungadingeka futhi ukuthi ubonane nochwepheshe wezinso (Nephrologist). |
| Ukulawulwa komfutho wegazi kanye nesifo sikashukela | Lezi yizitha ezimbili ezinkulu zezinso. Ukulawula lezi ezimbili kunganciphisa kakhulu umonakalo ezinso. |
| Ukushintsha ukudla | Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Udokotela wakho uzokweluleka ukuthi unciphise ukudla okunamaphrotheni amaningi, usawoti, i-potassium kanye ne-cholesterol. |
| Ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukubhema | Ukubhema konakalisa imigudu ehambisa igazi ezinso. |
| Ukuzivocavoca nokulawula isisindo | Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo kuzuzisa impilo yonke. |
| Ukugwema imithi ethile yokubulala izinhlungu | Eminye imithi yokunciphisa izinhlungu (ama-NSAID) njenge-ibuprofen ne-naproxen ingalimaza izinso. Buza udokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi. |
Imithi udokotela angayinikeza
Kuye ngesimo sakho, udokotela wakho angakunikeza imithi efana nale.
- Imithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi: Imithi efana ne-ACE inhibitors noma ama-ARB.
- Ama-diuretics: Asiza ekususeni uketshezi olungadingekile kanye nemikhiqizo engcolile eqongelela emzimbeni ngomchamo.
- Imithi yokwehlisa i-cholesterol.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-anemia: Imijovo ye-erythropoietin, esiza ekukhiqizeni amaseli abomvu egazi.
- Izihlanganisi ze-Vitamin D kanye ne-Phosphate: Gcina amathambo eqinile futhi ulawule amazinga e-phosphate egazini.
Isifo sezinso sesigaba sesi-3 asisona ukuphela kwempilo yakho. Yithuba elihle lokucabanga kabusha ngendlela yakho yokuphila bese uqala indlela entsha eya empilweni.
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu osesigabeni sesi-3 ozodlulela esigabeni sesi-4. Lokho kusho ukuthi uma ulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wakho ngqo futhi wenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila, ungagcina izinga lakho lamanje lesifo sikashukela futhi uphile impilo enempilo nende. Kudinga ukuzinikela nokuzithiba. Joyina udokotela wakho kulolu hambo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo sezinso sesigaba sesi-3 sisho ukuthi izinso sezilahlekelwe cishe yisigamu somsebenzi wazo. Kodwa lokhu akusona isigwebo sokufa.
- Nakuba umonakalo wezinso ungenakuqedwa, kungenzeka ukuvimba noma ukulibazisa lesi sifo ekubeni sibi kakhulu.
- Imigomo yakho eyinhloko kufanele kube ukugcina umfutho wegazi lakho kanye nesifo sikashukela (uma unazo) kulawulwa kahle.
- Thatha umuthi owunikezwe udokotela ngesikhathi esifanele. Ungayeki ukuthatha noma yimuphi umuthi ngaphandle kokucabanga.
- Landela iseluleko sokudla (ukunciphisa usawoti, amaprotheni, kanye ne-potassium) kahle.
- Ungayeki noma yimiphi imitholampilo ehleliwe kanye nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Impilo yakho incike kukho.
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