Uma umama noma ubaba osekhulile endlini yethu ekhubeka awe endlini yokugezela, ukwesaba okufika ngokushesha engqondweni yethu ukuthi, 'O, angazi ukuthi kwenzekeni ethanjeni lesinqe.' Nakuba sihlekisana ngokuthi "uma sesigugile, sizophuka isinqe sethu," empeleni lesi yisimo esibi kakhulu esingathinta izimpilo zethu. Kodwa asikho isidingo sokwesaba. Uma siqaphela ngokugcwele lokhu kuphuka kwesinqe, singabhekana nanoma yisiphi isimo ngokuhlakanipha.
Kalula nje, kuyini ukuphuka kwesinqe?
Ukuphuka kwesinqe kuwukuphuka engxenyeni engenhla yethambo lethu lethanga, eduze kwejoyinti lesinqe. Leli thambo lethanga libizwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi 'i-femur'. Leli yithambo elide kakhulu nelinamandla emzimbeni wethu. Ngakho-ke ukuze lokhu kuphuke, ngokuvamile kudinga ukulimala okukhulu, njengokuwa okukhulu noma ingozi yemoto.
Kodwa kukhona okukhethekile okudingeka sikuqonde lapha. Nakuba kudinga amandla amaningi ukuphula leli thambo kumuntu osemusha, kumuntu omdala, ikakhulukazi umuntu onesifo esifana ne -osteoporosis , leli thambo lingaphuka ngisho nangokushelela okuncane bese liwa ekhaya.
Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukudingeka ukuze kulungiswe inqulu ephukile, ngakho-ke lesi akusona isimo okufanele sithathwe kalula.
Ingabe kunezindlela ezahlukene zokuphula isinqe?
Yebo, odokotela bahlukanisa ukuphuka kwe-hip ngezinhlobo eziningana kuye ngokuthi ukuphuka kwenzeka kuphi. I-hip joint yethu ifana ne-ball-and-socket joint. Ingxenye efana ne-ball engenhla kwethambo lethanga (ikhanda le-femoral) ingena e-socket e-pelvis yethu ukuze yakhe i-hip joint. Ngakho-ke lokhu kuhlukaniswa kusekelwe lapho ukuphuka kwenzeka khona phezulu kwethambo lethanga.
Ungakuqonda kalula lokhu kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo Lokuphuka | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuphuka Kwekhanda Lesifazane | Lokhu kuwukuphuka kwengxenye emise okwebhola phezulu kwethambo lethanga. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. |
| Ukuphuka Kwentamo Yesifazane | Ukuphuka 'kwentamo' ye-femur, ibhuloho elixhumanisa ikhanda le-femur elibunjwe njengebhola nethambo elide. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lokuphuka kwenqulu. |
| Ukuqhekeka kwe-Intertrochanteric | Ukuphuka kwendawo phakathi kwezindawo ezimbili ezivelele emathanjeni lapho imisipha ihlangana khona, ngaphansi nje kwengxenye 'yentamo'. |
Ziyini izimpawu zokuphuka kwesinqe?
Bheka lezi zimpawu ngemva kokuwa noma ingozi. Lezi yizimpawu eziyinhloko nezivame kakhulu:
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obungabekezeleleki endaweni yesinqe.
- Ukungakwazi ukunyakaza isinqe noma umlenze.
- Iqhubu elingazwakala esandleni noma ushintsho ekubukekeni.
- Kuvuvukele kakhulu.
- Ukuphuka kanye nobuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Izinqe noma imilenze zibonakala zinwebekile ngendlela engavamile.
Yiziphi izimbangela zokuphuka kwezinqe futhi obani abasengozini enkulu?
Noma ubani angaphuka isinqe engozini, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kakhulu kunabanye.
Izizathu eziyinhloko yilezi:
- Ukuwa (ikakhulukazi ukuwa kusuka phezulu noma ukushelela kwasebekhulile)
- Izingozi zezimoto
- Izingozi zezemidlalo
Ake sibone ukuthi ubani osengozini enkulu.
| Isigaba sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala | Njengoba sikhula, amathambo aba buthakathaka futhi ibhalansi iyancipha, okungaholela ekuqhekekeni ngisho nasekuweni okuncane. |
| Abantu abanezifo ezenza amathambo abe buthaka | Izimo ezifana ne-osteoporosis noma i-osteopenia zibangela ukuthi amathambo angaqini futhi aphuke kalula. |
| Abesifazane | Abesifazane basengozini enkulu, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini, ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni ezithinta amandla amathambo. |
| Abantu abanezifo ezithinta ibhalansi | Izimo ezifana nesifo sikaParkinson, i-vertigo, noma i-epilepsy zandisa ingozi yokuwa. |
Udokotela ukuxilonga kanjani lokhu ngqo?
Uma ulethwa esibhedlela ngemva kwengozi, udokotela ose-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) uzoqala akuhlole. Ngemuva kwalokho, bazokwenza izivivinyo eziningana ukuze bathole ukuthi ithambo liphukile yini, futhi uma kunjalo, liphukile kuphi futhi kanjani.
- I-X-ray yesinqe: Lokhu kungabonisa ngokusobala ukuthi kukhona ukuphuka kwethambo.
- I-MRI (I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Lokhu kungabona ngisho nokuqhekeka okuncane kakhulu okungabonakali ku-X-ray.
- I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan): Lokhu kusiza ukuthola ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi ithambo laphuka kanjani.
Ilashwa kanjani? Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka?
Cishe wonke umuntu ophuka isinqe uzodinga ukuhlinzwa. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa oludingayo luzoncika ohlotsheni lokuphuka, ubukhali balo, iminyaka yakho, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuhlinzwa.
| Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa | Wenzani? |
|---|---|
| Ukufakwa Kwezinqe/I-Hip Arthroplasty | Lokhu kuhlinzwa kuvame ukwenziwa kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Kulokhu kuhlinzwa, ithambo eliphukile liyasuswa bese kufakwa ijoyinti lokwenziwa elenziwe ngensimbi, ipulasitiki, noma i-ceramic. Kungase kuhilele ukushintshwa okuphelele noma ukushintshwa okuyingxenye. |
| Ukunciphisa Okuvulekile kanye Nokulungiswa Kwangaphakathi (i-ORIF) | Lapha, udokotela ohlinzayo ubuyisela izingcezu zamathambo aphukile endaweni yazo bese efaka izikulufo, amaphini, amapuleti, noma izinduku ukuze azibambe ndawonye aze aphole. Kwabanye abantu, lezi zishiywa emzimbeni impilo yonke. Kwabanye, zisuswa kolunye ukuhlinzwa ngemva kokuba ithambo selipholile. |
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngemva kokuhlinzwa?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunezingozi ezincane ezihlobene nalokhu kuhlinzwa. Ezinye zezinkinga ezinkulu ezingase zenzeke yilezi:
- I-Avascular Necrosis: Ukugeleza kwegazi ethanjeni kuyaphazamiseka, okubangela ukuba amangqamuzana ethambo afe.
- Ukungahlanganisi: Ukwehluleka kwamathambo aphukile ukuhlangana kahle futhi.
- I-Malunion: Ukungalingani kwamathambo aphukile.
- Ukutheleleka Kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis): Ngezinye izikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma ithambo liphuka esikhumbeni (ukuphuka okuvulekile), ukutheleleka ngamagciwane kungavela.
- Amahlule Egazi: Kukhona ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi emilenzeni ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuhamba isikhathi eside ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa?
Kungathatha izinyanga eziningana, noma ngisho nonyaka , ukuphulukiswa ngokuphelele ngemva kokuphuka kwenqulu. Lena inqubo eyenzeka kancane kancane. Isikhathi esithathayo ukuze ululame sincike ezintweni eziningana:
- Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa owake wakwenza
- Iminyaka yakho kanye nempilo yakho iyonke
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona yini abanye abalimele engozini
Kuzodingeka uqale ukwelashwa ngokomzimba (PT) ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kwelashwa kuzohlala izinyanga eziningana. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngokomzimba uzokufundisa ukuzivocavoca ukuze uqinise imisipha ezungeze inqulu yakho futhi akusize ukuthi ubuyele ekuhambeni.
Kuzodingeka usebenzise i-walker, izinduku zokubambelela, noma induku yokuhamba ukuze uqale ukuhamba. Udokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha uzokutshela ukuthi uzodinga ukuzisebenzisa isikhathi esingakanani.
Kungani ukuphuka kwesinqe kuyingozi? Ikakhulukazi kubantu asebekhulile...
Ukuphuka kwenqulu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha ngoba, ngaphezu kokuphuka kwethambo, kungalimaza nezakhiwo ezibalulekile ezizungezile.
Cabanga nje, engozini enkulu ngokwanele ukuphula ithambo lethanga, kungenzeka ukuthi umthambo we-femoral ogijima eduze ungalimala. Uma lokho kwenzeka, kungabangela ukopha okukhulu futhi kube yingozi ngisho nokuphila.
Lesi simo siyingozi nakakhulu kumuntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65. Njengoba sikhula, ikhono lomzimba lokuphulukisa liyancipha. Ngakho-ke, inxeba elikhulu njengaleli lithatha isikhathi eside ukuphola. Ukubhekana nokuhlinzwa kanye nenqubo yokululama elandelayo kungaba nzima nakumuntu omdala.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokuba umuntu osekhulile eselulame ekuphukeni kwenqulu, angase esabe ukuhamba futhi, ukuphuma aye emphakathini, noma ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe. Isizungu esibangelwa yiso kanye nomsebenzi oncishisiwe kungaba nomthelela omubi kakhulu empilweni yakhe iyonke.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sivimbele ingozi enjalo?
Nakuba singenakukwazi ukulawula izingozi, kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ukuze sinciphise ingozi.
- Yenza indawo yasekhaya lakho iphephe: Hlanza izinto ezingadingekile ekhaya lakho nasemsebenzini futhi unciphise izingozi ezingase zikhubeke. Beka umata ongasheleli endlini yokugezela. Qiniseka ukuthi kunokukhanya okuhle.
- Thola ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo: Uma uneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65, noma uma othile emndenini wakho ene-osteoporosis, khuluma nodokotela mayelana nokuhlolwa kokuqina kwamathambo.
- Ukudla okuhle kanye nokuzivocavoca: Yidla ukudla okucebile nge-calcium kanye ne-vitamin D. Ukuzivocavoca okuphakamisa isisindo, njengokuhamba, kusiza ukuqinisa amathambo.
- Landela izinyathelo zokuphepha: Ungakhweli ezihlalweni noma ematafuleni ukuze ufinyelele noma yini engenhla. Sebenzisa imishini efanele ngaso sonke isikhathi. Gqoka ibhande lesihlalo njalo uma ugibele imoto.
Kufanele uye nini e-ETU (Emergency Treatment Unit) ngokushesha?
Uma usola ukuthi inqulu iphukile, kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Yiya esibhedlela noma ushayele i-ambulensi ngokushesha. Ungalibali, ikakhulukazi uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu ngemuva kokuwa noma ingozi:
- Uma ungakwazi ukunyakazisa isinqe noma umlenze wakho.
- Uma ubuhlungu bungabekezeleleki.
- Uma isinqe noma umlenze udonsekile futhi ubukeka ungewona owemvelo.
- Uma isikhumba sibhoboziwe futhi ithambo libonakala.
- Uma isinqe sivuvukele kakhulu.
- Uma ubona ukulimala okukhulu kanye nalezi zimpawu.
Ungakwazi yini ukuhamba nesinqe esiphukile?
Lutho neze. Ungazami ukuma noma ukuhamba unesindo esinqeni esiphukile. Ukwenza kanjalo kungenza ukuphuka kube kubi kakhulu futhi kubangele ezinye izinkinga.
Ingabe kufanele sithuthe umuntu ophuke isinqe?
Cha. Uma usola ukuthi othile uphuke isinqe, shayela i-ambulensi ngokushesha. Siza umuntu ukuthi agcine isinqe sakhe siqinile futhi singanyakazi kuze kufike ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshiwe bese umhambisa esibhedlela. Ungacindezeli umlenze, zama ukuwumisa, noma uzame ukuwuhamba.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuphuka kwesinqe kuyisimo esibi kakhulu, esisongela ukuphila, ikakhulukazi kwasebekhulile.
- Uma unobuhlungu obukhulu endaweni yesinqe, ukuvuvukala, kanye nokungakwazi ukuhambisa umlenze wakho ngemva kokuwa noma ingozi, kungaba ukuphuka kwesinqe. Yiya ku-ETU ngokushesha.
- Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukudingeka, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
- Isikhathi sokululama singaba side. Ukwelashwa nge-physiotherapy kubalulekile enkambisweni yokuphulukiswa phakathi nalesi sikhathi.
- Le ngozi ingancishiswa ngokwenza indawo yasekhaya lakho iphephe ukuvimbela ukuwa kanye nokudla ukudla okune-calcium eningi kanye nokuzivocavoca ukuze ugcine amathambo akho eqinile.
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