Ingabe ngokuzumayo uba nokuvuvukala okufana nokuqubuka emzimbeni wakho bese uluma? Ake sifunde kahle ukuthi kuyini ukuqubuka!

Wake waphawula ukuthi ngokuzumayo ezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho ziba bomvu, zivuvuke kancane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi zibe namaqhubu amakhulu, alumayo? Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kuyavela futhi kunyamalale ngesikhathi esifushane, ngisho namahora ambalwa. Lokhu sikubiza ngolimi lwethu ngamagama anjengokuthi 'amaqhubu' noma 'i-urticaria'. Ngakho-ke namuhla sizokhuluma ngalezi zindawo, noma ezaziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-Urticaria, noma ngesiNgisi , amaqhubu .

Ziyini lezi "Zintuthwane"? Kalula nje...

Ama-hives angamaqhubu abomvu (siwabiza ngokuthi afana ne-eczema) noma amabala avela ebusweni besikhumba sakho. Empeleni lokhu uhlobo lokuvuvukala okwenzeka ebusweni besikhumba sakho. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umzimba wakho usabela kabi kokuthile. Manje ungase uzibuze ukuthi kuyini ukusabela kabi. Umzimba wethu unesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba . Yilokhu okusivikela ezifweni. Ngakho-ke, lapho amaprotheni athile (esiwabiza ngokuthi ama-allergen) ayingozi kwabanye abantu kodwa hhayi kubantu abaningi engena emzimbeni, isimiso sokuzivikela komzimba sisebenza ngokumelene nawo. Yilapho kuvela khona lezi zinhlobo zama-hives.

Lokhu kuyalunywa kakhulu uma kuvela. Ngezinye izikhathi kungazwakala sengathi kubuhlungu obuvuthayo noma obuhlabayo. Kungaba kuncane njengesihloko somunwe wakho, noma kungasakazeka kube kukhulu njengepuleti elikhulu. Odokotela babiza lokhu ngokuthi "i-Urticaria" .

Ngezinye izikhathi la maqhubu angahlangana akhe amabala amakhulu abizwa ngokuthi ama-plaque . Esikhathini esiningi, amaqhubu azonyamalala zingakapheli amahora angama-24, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi angahlala ebonakala izinsuku eziningana noma ngisho nangaphezulu.

Ingabe zikhona izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-hives?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko zamaswidi ezinambuzane. Ake sibone ukuthi ayini.

I-Urticaria Ebukhali

Lezi yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-ringworm ezitholwa ngabantu abaningi. Lezi zinhlobo ze-ringworm zihlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto ayisithupha . Zivela ngokuzumayo bese ziphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

I-Urticaria Engapheli

Lesi yisimo esikhathazayo kancane. Uma lezi zibungu zivela okungenani kabili ngesonto isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ayisithupha , ziwela kulesi sigaba. Abanye abantu kufanele bahlushwe yizibungu izinyanga noma iminyaka.

Lezi ziqhumane zesikhathi eside ngezinye izikhathi azinazo izizathu ezicacile . Ezimweni ezinjalo, zibizwa ngokuthi i-urticaria engapheli engavamile . Esikhathini esidlule, zazibizwa nangokuthi i-urticaria engapheli engavamile . Igama elithi "Idiopathic" lisho ukuthi imbangela ayaziwa.

I-Urticaria Yomzimba

Lolu futhi uhlobo olukhethekile. Abanye abantu bathola ama-hives lapho bevezwa emakhazeni, ekushiseni, noma elangeni, kanti abanye bathola ama-hives lapho bezwa ukudlidliza noma ingcindezi esikhumbeni sabo, ekuzivocavoceni, noma ekujulukeni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ama-hives angokwenyama noma i-inducible urticaria . Ngokuvamile avele kungakapheli ihora ngemva kokuchayeka entweni efanele. Lolu hlobo lungaba futhi lwesikhathi eside ngezinye izikhathi. Cabanga, kukhona abanye abantu, ngisho noma bethinta kanzima ngezandla zabo, indawo iyavuvukala futhi ibe bomvu. Lokho kungaba okwalolu hlobo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamaqhubu kanye nokuqubuka okuvamile?

Lokhu kuyinto abantu abaningi abayididayo. Ukuqubuka yinoma yisiphi isimo esingajwayelekile esenzeka esikhumbeni. Okusho ukuthi, kungaba yinoma yini kusukela kumabala, ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, ukubomvu, njll. Ukuqubuka kuwuhlobo lokuqubuka . Kodwa akuzona zonke iziqubuka eziwukuqubuka. Njengoba nje kungezona zonke izithelo eziwukumango, kodwa amamango awuhlobo lwezithelo.

Ubani onamathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa ama-hives?

Eqinisweni, noma ubani angathola ama-hives. Uma une-allergies ezintweni eziningi, cishe uzothola ama-hives njalo. Kwabanye, okungukuthi, labo abangenawo ama-allergies anzima kangaka, bangase bawathole kanye noma kaningana empilweni yabo.

Ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezingane, kube nokuxhumana phakathi kwama-hives acute kanye nezimo ezifana ne -asthma, i-allergy rhinitis, kanye ne-atopic dermatitis . Ama-hives angavela nangezikhathi zokucindezeleka okukhulu .

Zivame kangakanani izihlathi?

Ungase umangale ukuzwa lokhu. Kuthiwa cishe u-20% wabantu bazokhula babe nezidleke okungenani kanye empilweni yabo. Lokho kufana nomuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu. Kodwa-ke, izidleke zesikhathi eside (izidleke ezingamahlalakhona) zithinta kuphela phakathi kuka-1% no-3% wabantu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-hives ezibukhali?

I-ringworm ibukeka ihlukile kuwo wonke umuntu. Ingavela noma kuphi emzimbeni wakho. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-ringworm yesikhathi esifushane yilezi:

• Amaqhubu noma amabala aphakanyisiwe esikhumbeni. Lokhu kungase kubonakale kubomvu kumuntu onesikhumba esikhanyayo.
• Uma ucindezela phakathi kweswidi le-worm, liba mhlophe (Blanching) . Okusho ukuthi, uma ulicindezela, umbala obomvu kuleyo ndawo uyancipha futhi uba mhlophe.
• Ukuluma kuyisibonakaliso esiyinhloko nesikhathaza kakhulu.
• Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuvuvukala ngaphansi kwesikhumba kungabangela ukubukeka okuvuvukile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-angioedema . Lokhu kungabangela nokuvuvukala okubuhlungu kwezindebe, nxazonke kwamehlo, kanye nangaphakathi komphimbo. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwento ethile engathi sína kakhulu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-hives ezingamahlalakhona?

Ngokuvamile, i-ringworm yesikhathi eside ibukeka ifana ne-ringworm yesikhathi esifushane. Okusho ukuthi, amaqhubu alumayo, avuvukile, aphakeme anombala okhanyayo phakathi uma ecindezelwa. Kodwa-ke, i-ringworm yesikhathi eside ingabangela okulandelayo:

• Usayizi kanye nesimo samaqhubu avelayo kungashintsha njalo . Okuncane endaweni eyodwa namuhla kungase kube kukhulu kwenye indawo kusasa.
• Lokhu kuyavela, kuyanyamalala, futhi kuphinde kuvele okungenani njalo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa . Kungahlala izinyanga, ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka.
• Lokhu kungenzeka ngokushisa , ukuvivinya umzimba, noma ukucindezeleka .

Yini ebangela ama-hives?

Izimbangela ze-hives ezibukhali

Esikhathini esiningi, ama-hives esikhashana abangelwa ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nento oyidlayo , oyiphuzayo, noma oyithintayo . Isikhumba sethu sinohlobo olukhethekile lweseli lokuzivikela elibizwa ngokuthi ama-mast cell . Uma la maseli esebenza, akhipha ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuthi i-histamine. Phakathi kwalawo makhemikhali , i-histamine iyimbangela eyinhloko yama-hives. Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ukuthi umuthi owuthathayo ukuze unciphise ukulunywa ubizwa ngokuthi i-antihistamine. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi wehlisa ukusebenza kwe-histamine.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-ringworm ingabangelwa nezinye izizathu ezahlukahlukene njengokutheleleka , ukucindezeleka, kanye nokucindezeleka ngokomzimba esikhumbeni . Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nodokotela abakwazi ukuthola ukuthi yini ngempela eyabangela ukuthi uthole i-ringworm.

Izimbangela ze-hives ezingamahlalakhona

Ngokungafani nama-hives esikhathi esifushane, ama-hives esikhathi eside ngokuvamile awabangelwa ukungezwani komzimba . Angabangelwa ukutheleleka ngamagciwane noma amagciwane , noma ngenxa yezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njenge -lupus . Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, odokotela abakwazi ukuthola imbangela ethile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kubizwa ngokuthi ama-hives angavamile noma angavamile .

Nakuba izimpethu zesikhathi eside zingahlala isikhathi eside, ngokuvamile azihlali isikhathi eside . Nakuba zingase zingakhululeki kancane, azisongeli impilo.

Ingabe ama-hives ayathelelana?

Lokhu kuyinkinga nakubantu abaningi. Ngokungafani nezinye izifo zesikhumba, i-ringworm ayithelelani . Kodwa-ke, uma uthola i-ringworm ngoba unejusi lesitshalo njenge-marigold esikhumbeni sakho, ungasabalalisa i-allergen evela kuleso sitshalo kwabanye uze ugeze ijusi esikhumbeni sakho. Lokho kungabangela i-ringworm kwabanye. Kodwa umuntu one-ringworm akathelelani ngqo komunye umuntu.

Ungazi kanjani ngokuqinisekile ukuthi unezinhlungu? (Ukuxilongwa)

Udokotela wakho uzohlola isikhumba sakho futhi anqume ukuthi akukho ama-hives kanye ne-angioedema.(ukuvuvukala ngaphansi kwesikhumba) kungakutshela ukuthi unama-hives. Ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba kungakusiza ukuthola ukuthi yini onayo i-allergy. Kodwa lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kuma -hives esikhashana (ama-hives acute) . Uma usuyazi imbangela, ungawagwema lawo ma-allergen futhi ugweme ama-hives ahambisana nawo. Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko kokungezwani komzimba kwama-hives yile:

• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba: Kulokhu kuhlolwa, odokotela bafaka izinto ezihlukahlukene zokungezwani komzimba esikhumbeni sakho. Uma isikhumba sakho siba bomvu noma sivuvukala, kusho ukuthi une-allergy kuleyo nto. Lokhu kubizwa nangokuthi ukuhlolwa kokubhoboza isikhumba noma ukuhlolwa kokuklwebheka . Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlolwa kwesikhumba akuvamile ukwenziwa kubantu abane-ringworm yesikhathi eside.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuhlola inani lama-antibodies athile egazini lakho. Imizimba yethu yenza la ma-antibodies ukuze alwe nezinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba. Uma umzimba wakho wenza la ma-antibodies amaningi kakhulu, ungase uthole ama-hives nokuvuvukala.

Ukwelapha kanjani ama-hives? Ungawaphatha kanjani?

Esikhathini esiningi, i-ringworm izophela ngaphandle kokwelashwa . Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase ancome imithi ethile kanye nemithi yasekhaya ukusiza ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki kwakho nokunciphisa amathuba okuba ne-ringworm ephindaphindayo. Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa:

• Imithi yokungezwani komzimba: Ama-antihistamine avimba imiphumela ye -histamine . Angathathwa njengamaphilisi noma asetshenziswe esikhumbeni esithintekile njengokhilimu. Ama-antihistamine angasiza ekunciphiseni ukulunywa okubangelwa ama-hives futhi angasiza ekunciphiseni noma ekuqedeni ukusabela kwe-allergy. Amanye ama-antihistamine, njenge -diphenhydramine (Benadryl®) , asebenza ngokushesha (kodwa angakwenza ulale). Kuye ngobukhulu be-hives yakho, udokotela wakho angancoma imithi yokungezwani komzimba yansuku zonke efana ne -Loratadine (Claritin®), i-Fexofenadine (Allegra®), i-Cetirizine (Zyrtec®), noma i-Levocetirizine (Xyzal®) .

• Imijovo yokungezwani komzimba: Kubantu abane-allergies yesikhathi eside futhi okunzima ukwelapha, odokotela bangase batuse imijovo yanyanga zonke evimba impendulo yokungezwani komzimba. Abantu abane-allergies enzima bakhiqiza uhlobo lwe-antibody olubizwa ngokuthi i-IgE (Immunoglobulin E) . Le mijovo ivimba amasosha omzimba ekukhiqizeni i-IgE.

• Ukwelashwa ekhaya: Thola impumuzo ezifweni ze-pinworm, ungakwaziUngafaka ishawa ebandayo noma ugeze. Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile . Faka ama-compress abandayo ngendwangu ecwiliswe emanzini abandayo . Ungafaka ukhilimu we-hydrocortisone noma ukhilimu we-antihistamine, ongawuthenga ekhemisi, ukuze unciphise ukulunywa nokuvuvukala.

• Ama-steroid omlomo: Uma ama-antihistamine noma ama-steroid angaphandle engasizi, ama-corticosteroids anjenge -prednisone angasiza ekunciphiseni izimpawu ze-ringworm. Kodwa-ke, lawa kufanele asetshenziswe kuphela ngaphansi kokuqashwa ngudokotela.

• I-Epinephrine: Ukusabela okubi kakhulu kwesikhashana okungaba khona ngenxa yokungezwani komzimba kungaholela esimweni esisongela ukuphila esibizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis . Izimpawu zifaka phakathi amaqhubu, ukuvuvukala kobuso, umlomo, noma umphimbo, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuphefumula kanzima, ukuhlanza, kanye nomfutho wegazi ophansi. I-Anaphylaxis isongela ukuphila . Noma ubani obhekana nalolu hlobo lokusabela kufanele anikezwe umjovo we-epinephrine (i-EpiPen®) ngokushesha ukuze avule imigudu yomoya evuvukele.

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngenxa yama-hives?

Uma umuntu eba nokusabela okubi kakhulu kwesikhashana, izindlela zakhe zomoya - okungukuthi, umphimbo namaphaphu - zingavuvukala ngendlela esongela impilo. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-anaphylaxis . Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi izindlela zomoya zivaleke ngokuphelele, futhi kubangele nokufa.

I-Anaphylaxis iyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha! Uma umuntu eba nobunzima bokuphefumula ngokuzumayo, ubuso bakhe buvuvukala, eba namaqhubu emzimbeni wonke, futhi ezwa isiyezi, kungaba yi-anaphylaxis. Esimweni esinjalo, kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha.

I-anaphylaxis ivame ukubangelwa ukungezwani okukhulu kokudla okuthile, njengamantongomane noma amanye amantongomane emithi, noma ukulunywa yizinyosi. Uma une-anaphylaxis, kufanele uthole umjovo we-epinephrine ngokushesha. Isibonelo , i-EpiPen® noma i-AUVI-Q® .

I-Epinephrine ivula imigudu yomoya, inyuse umfutho wegazi, futhi inciphise ukuvuvukala nokulunywa. Uma uthola umjovo we-epinephrine ngaphandle kwendawo yezokwelapha, kufanele nakanjani uye ekamelweni eliphuthumayo bese uhlala ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezokwelapha ngemva kwalokho. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis zingaphinde zivele njengoba imiphumela ye-epinephrine iphela.

Iyini inhloso yokululama kubantu abane-hives?

Kwabaningi abantu, amaswidi ezikelemu awabangeli izinkinga ezinkulu. Ezinganeni, ukungezwani komzimba namaswidi ezikelemu kuvame ukuphela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kodwa kwabanye abantu, ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba okufana ne-angioedema kungaholela ku-anaphylaxis.– okusho ukuthi ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwemigudu yomoya namaphaphu – kungenzeka. Uma unalesi simo esisongela ukuphila, kufanele uphathe i-epinephrine auto-injector (i-EpiPen®) nawe futhi wazi kahle ukuthi uzoyisebenzisa nini futhi kanjani.

Ngingakuvimbela kanjani ukuqubuka kwesikhumba?

Ukuvimbela ama-hives abukhali

Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba ukuze akusize uthole ukuthi yini ebangela ama-hives akho esikhathi esifushane. Uma usuwazi ukuthi yini ebangela ama-hives akho, ungawagwema. Ungase ufune ukwenza okulandelayo:

• Susa ukudla okuthile ekudleni kwakho (isib. i-shrimp, i-squid, izithelo ezithile, imikhiqizo yobisi - kuphela uma une-allergy kuyo)
• Nciphisa ukuchayeka ezintweni ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba emoyeni (isib. uthuli, impova)
• Shintshela ezinsweni zokuhlanza izingubo ezingenaphunga nezingadayi kanye nezinsipho zomzimba.
• Gwema ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ngokuzumayo (ukuya endaweni ebandayo, ukuya endaweni eshisayo)
• Uma uzizwa ucindezelekile noma ukhathele , phumula .
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile nezilula . Ukugqoka izingubo eziqinile ngezinye izikhathi kungacindezela isikhumba futhi kubangele ukukhuhla.

Amanye alawa macebiso angasiza futhi ekuguleni izikelemu isikhathi eside.

Ukuvimbela ama-hives angapheli

Kungase kungenzeki ukuvimbela i-ringworm yesikhathi eside ngoba udokotela wakho angase angakwazi ukukhomba imbangela eqondile. Kungase futhi kube yingxenye yesimo sezokwelapha esikhulu esithinta amasosha omzimba wakho.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela mayelana nama-hives?

Izikelemu ze-pin ngokuvamile zingaphela ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, bona udokotela wakho uma:

• Uma unezimpethu noma ukuvuvukala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto .
• Uma amaqhubu ebonakala ethelelekile (abomvu, avuvukele, agcwele ubomvu).
• Uma unezikelemu eziphindaphindayo (eziphindaphindayo njalo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa).
• Uma unesifo sokulunywa okukhulu lokho kwenza kube kubi kakhulu kangangokuthi awukwazi ngisho nokulala.
• Uma uzwa izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis (isib. ukuqina kwesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuhlanza).
• Uma izindebe noma ubuso buvuvukele .

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela wami?

Uma unezikelemu, ungabuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Kungani ngithole ama-pinworm?
• Uswidi we-worm uzolulama nini ?
• Ingabe kufanele ngithole ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba ?
• Yiziphi izinyathelo engingazithatha ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwezibungu esikhathini esizayo?
• Nciphisa ukulunywaYikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ?
• Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqeda ngokuphelele izibungu?
• Ingabe kufanele ngikhathazeke ngezimpawu zezinkinga ?

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ama-hives abe ngcono?

I-ringworm ivame ukuba ngcono ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emavikini ambalwa . Kodwa-ke, i-ringworm yesikhathi eside ingahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. I-ringworm yesikhathi eside ingathatha izinyanga, noma ngisho nangaphezulu, ukuba ngcono.

Kungenzeka yini ukubona ama-hives kaningi nge-COVID-19?

Njengezinye izifo, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, okuhlanganisa nokuqubuka, kungenzeka nge -COVID-19 . Ngakho-ke, uma uba nokuqubuka kanye nezimpawu zakho ze-COVID, kuwumqondo omuhle ukwazisa udokotela wakho.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ama-hives ayindlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo entweni ezwelayo kuyo (i-allergen). Lokhu kusabela kungaba okungakhululekile, kodwa isikhathi esiningi akukubi kangako. Ungase ube nama-hives kuphela, ama-hives ane-hives, noma ama-hives kuphela. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kusabela kuzophela ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili. Uma unalokhu kusabela njalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuhlolwa ukuze uthole ukuthi yini ebangela lokho. Uma usuwazi ukuthi yini ekwenza ube ne-allergy, ungazigwema lezo zinto futhi uzelaphe uma une-reaction.

Ama-hives angapheli awabi ngcono emavikini ambalwa. Angathatha isikhathi eside. Uma ungazizwa ungcono ngokwelashwa, ungakhohlwa ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngakho. Ngisho noma ungazi kahle ukuthi yini ebangela ama-hives angapheli, ukwelashwa kungaphumelela. Ungakhathazeki, ungakhuluma nodokotela wakho nganoma yini bese uthola ikhambi.

i- urticaria, ama-hives, i-ringworm, ukungezwani komzimba, izifo zesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba