Ingabe umfutho wegazi wakho awunciphi ngisho noma usebenzisa imithi? Ake sifunde nge-hyperaldosteronism.

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzibuza ukuthi, 'Kungani umfutho wegazi lami unganciphi ngisho noma ngisebenzisa imithi?'? Abanye abantu banenkinga efanayo. Kunezikhathi lapho kunzima khona ukulawula umfutho wegazi wabo, ngisho nangemva kokuthatha imithi. Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, sidinga ukucabangela ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini imbangela eyisisekelo. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngesimo esinzima ukusithola ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa esingelapheka uma selashwa kahle. Lokho yi -hyperaldosteronism .

Kuyini i-Hyperaldosteronism?

Kalula nje, i-hyperaldosteronism yilapho izindlala zakho ze-adrenal zikhiqiza i-hormone eningi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i-aldosterone . Cabanga ngale ndlela, i-aldosterone ifana nonjiniyela omncane olawula umfutho wegazi lethu. Kusiza ukugcina umfutho wegazi wethu usezingeni elifanele ngokulawula amazinga e -potassium ne- sodium emizimbeni yethu.

Manje ungase uzibuze, 'Ziyini lezi zindlala ze-adrenal?' Lezi ziyingxenye yesistimu yethu ye-endocrine . Zifana nezimboni ezincane ezikhiqiza ama-hormone ahlukahlukene imizimba yethu ewadingayo ukuze isebenze nsuku zonke. Sinezindlala ezimbili ze-adrenal, empeleni ezitholakala phezu kwezinso zethu, njengesivalo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-hyperaldosteronism?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-hyperaldosteronism.

1. I-Primary Hyperaldosteronism: Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi i-Conn's syndrome . Okwenzekayo lapha ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngezindlala zakho ze-adrenal ngokwazo, okubangela ukuthi zikhiqize i-aldosterone eningi kakhulu. Cabanga ngakho njengokungathi kunenkinga ngaphakathi efektri futhi zikhiqiza izinto eziningi kakhulu.

2. I-Secondary Hyperaldosteronism: Lokhu akuyona inkinga ngezindlala ze-adrenal. Kuyinkinga kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho ebangela ukuthi izindlala ze-adrenal zikhuthazwe futhi ziqale ukukhiqiza i-aldosterone eyengeziwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ifektri isebenza isikhathi esengeziwe ngenxa yethonya langaphandle.

Noma ngabe yikuphi, umphumela wokugcina uba ukuthi amazinga akho e-aldosterone egazini ayanda, okubangela umfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) kanye namazinga akho e-potassium egazini anciphe. Lokhu kwehla kwe-potassium kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypokalemia .

Ubani othinteka kakhulu yilesi simo? Sivame kangakanani?

I-Hyperaldosteronism ivame ukubonakala kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-30 no-50.Futhi, lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane kunabesilisa.

Kunzima kubacwaningi ukusho ukuthi lokhu kuvame kangakanani, ngoba ngezinye izikhathi kutholakala kabi. Kodwa ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi phakathi kuka-5% no-10% wabantu abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme bangase babe ne-primary hyperaldosteronism. Ochwepheshe balinganisela ukuthi abantu abangafika ku-25% abanomfutho wegazi ophakeme omelana nemithi bangase babe nalesi simo. Ngakho-ke, akuyona into engavamile kangako, akunjalo?

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Hyperaldosteronism?

Izimpawu ze-hyperaldosteronism zingahluka kumuntu nomuntu, kuye ngokuthi isimo sibucayi kangakanani. Abanye abantu bangase bangabi nazo nhlobo izimpawu , ikakhulukazi uma isimo singesibi kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, uphawu oluyinhloko noluvame kakhulu lwalesi simo umfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) , ikakhulukazi umfutho wegazi ophakeme ongenakulawuleka kalula ngisho nangemithi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma uhlangabezana nezinye izimpawu, zivame ukubangelwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme ophakathi kuya kobunzima kanye/noma amazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini (i-hypokalemia).

Izimpawu ezingase zivele ngenxa yomfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme):

• Ubuhlungu bekhanda
• Isiyezi
• Izinguquko zombono
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula

Izimpawu ezingase zivele ngenxa yamazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini (i-hypokalemia):

• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha - Kwezinye izimo ezinzima, kungase kube nesimo esifana nokukhubazeka kwesikhashana.
• Ukuqhaqhazela noma ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha (ukuqina kwemisipha)
• Ukuqaqamba kanye nokungabi namizwa
• Ukukhathala
• Ukoma kakhulu (lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-polydipsia)
• Ukuchama njalo

Manje usuyaqonda, ngoba ezinye zalezi zimpawu zivamile kwezinye izifo, ngezinye izikhathi kungaba sekwephuzile ukukubona lokhu.

Yini ebangela lokhu?

Izimbangela ze-hyperaldosteronism ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ziyinhloko noma zesibili. Ake sibheke ukuthi kanjani.

Izimbangela ze-Hyperaldosteronism Eyinhloko

Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, i-Primary Hyperaldosteronism iyinkinga ngezindlala zakho ze-adrenal uqobo, okubangela ukuthi zikhiqize i-aldosterone eningi kakhulu.

Imbangela evame kakhulu yalokhu izimila ezingezona umdlavuza ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-adrenal adenomas akha ezindlaleni ze-adrenal . Lezi izimila ezincane, ezingenangozi, kodwa zingabangela ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone i-aldosterone.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinkinga eziningana ezingavamile :

• I-Unilateral adrenal hyperplasia - Lokhu kusho ukuthi indlala eyodwa kuphela ye-adrenal ohlangothini olulodwa iyavuvukala, ikhule, futhi ikhiqize ama-hormone amaningi.
• Ama-carcinoma e-adrenocortical akhiqiza i-aldosterone - Lawa ama-tumors anomdlavuza. Kodwa-ke, awavamile kakhulu.
• Uhlobo 1 lwe-Familial hyperaldosteronism - Lesi yisimo esizuzwa ngofuzo kubazali kubantwana.

Izimbangela ze-Secondary Hyperaldosteronism

Imbangela eyinhloko ye-hyperaldosteronism yesibili ukwehla kwenani legazi elifinyelela ezinso zakho .

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani, udinga ukwazi ukuthi i-hormone i-aldosterone iyingxenye yochungechunge oluyinkimbinkimbi lwama-hormone alawula umfutho wegazi lethu. Cabanga ngakho njengokusabela kochungechunge.

Lolu hlelo lubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone . Lusebenza kanje:

1. Uma umzimba wakho uzwa umfutho wegazi ophansi noma amazinga e-sodium aphansi egazini lakho, izinso zakho zikhipha i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuthi i-renin .

2. Le renin iyahamba futhi iguqule into ebizwa ngokuthi i-angiotensinogen (isandulela se-angiotensin) ekhiqizwa yisibindi sakho ibe yi-angiotensin I. (I-Angiotensin iyi-hormone evimba imithambo yegazi yethu.)

3. Okulandelayo, le angiotensin I iba yi-angiotensin II .

4. Okokugcina, yilo i-angiotensin II encipha imithambo yegazi futhi ivuselele izindlala ze-adrenal ukuthi zikhiphe i-hormone i-aldosterone .

Manje cabanga, uma ngesizathu esithile inani legazi eliya ezinso lehla, izinso zicabanga ukuthi, 'O, umfutho wegazi lami wehlile.' Bese zivuselela ngephutha lolu hlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin-aldosterone. Umphumela uba ukuthi izinga le-aldosterone emzimbeni liyakhuphuka, yize kungadingeki ngempela.

Izimbangela ezinganciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi ezinso futhi zibangele i-hyperaldosteronism yesibiliNazi ezimbalwa:

• Isifo semithambo yezinso esivimbayo - njengepayipi lamanzi elivalekile.
• Umfutho wegazi ophezulu wezinso
• Izimo lapho uketshezi luqongelela khona emzimbeni (i-edema) , isibonelo:
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo
• I-cirrhosis yesibindi
• I-Nephrotic syndrome yisifo sezinso.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu?

Udokotela uvame ukuxilonga i-hyperaldosteronism ngokuhlolwa kwegazi . Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abakaze baxilongwe benalesi simo ngoba kunezinye izimbangela eziningi kanye nezici eziyingozi zomfutho wegazi ophakeme.

Ezinye izimpawu ezivamile zokuthi ungaba ne-hyperaldosteronism zifaka:

• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme omelana nemithi.
• Nansi imiphumela evela embikweni wakho wokuhlolwa kwegazi le-electrolyte :
• Izinga le-sodium eliphakeme kancane (i-hypernatremia) .
• Izinga le-magnesium eliphansi kancane (i-hypomagnesemia) .
• Futhi, amazinga aphansi e-potassium (i-hypokalemia) .

Uma udokotela wakho esola ukuthi ungaba ne-hyperaldosteronism ngokusekelwe kulezi zimpawu, cishe uzoyala ukuhlolwa kwegazi okubili okukhethekile: i-Plasma Renin Concentration (PRC) noma i-Plasma Renin Activity (PRA) .

• Uma une -Primary Hyperaldosteronism , amazinga akho e-PRC kanye ne-PRA azoba ngaphansi kunokujwayelekile.
• Uma une -hyperaldosteronism yesibili , la mazinga azoba phezulu kunokuvamile.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungadingeka futhi ukuthi wenze isivivinyo sokucindezela i-aldosterone . Lokhu kuhlolwa kuhilela ukukunikeza inani elithile le-sodium (usawoti) ngomlomo noma ngomjovo we-saline (IV) isikhathi esithile. Ngemuva kwalokho, amasampula omchamo wakho aqoqwa esikhathini samahora angama-24 bese inani le-aldosterone kulowo mchamo lilinganiswa elabhorethri.

Uma lezi zivivinyo ziqinisekisa ukuthi une-hyperaldosteronism, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuthola imbangela. Isibonelo, i-CT scan (i-computed tomography scan) ukuze kubonakale ukuthi isimila esingesona umdlavuza sibangela i-hyperaldosteronism.Ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze isivivinyo sokuthwebula izithombe .

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha lokhu?

Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperaldosteronism kuncike embangela, kodwa umgomo oyinhloko ukulawula umfutho wegazi lakho .

• Nge-primary hyperaldosteronism, isimo esibangelwa isimila se-adrenal gland, odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukususwa kwesimila ngokuhlinzwa . Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, lezi zimila zingelashwa ngemithi yodwa. Ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa, ungase ube nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ngakho-ke kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe imithi yokuwulawula.

• I-hyperaldosteronism yesibili iphathwa ngokulawula umfutho wegazi ngemithi, kuyilapho futhi kwelashwa imbangela eyinhloko (isb., isifo senhliziyo) .

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi engasiza nge-hyperaldosteronism:

• I-Spironolactone (i-Spironolactone - i-Aldactone®)
• I-Eplerenone (Eplerenone - Inspra®)
• I-Amiloride (i-Amiloride - i-Midamor®)

Into eyodwa okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemithi yokuvimbela i-aldosterone, njenge- Spironolactone , kungabangela eminye imiphumela emibi kwabesilisa. Isibonelo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile kanye ne-gynecomastia kungenzeka. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi yimuphi umuthi okulungele wena, ukuthi kufanele uwuthathe isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi yimiphi imiphumela emibi.

Ingabe lokhu kungavinjelwa?

Eqinisweni, isikhathi esiningi, akukho ongakwenza ukuvimbela lesi simo se-hyperaldosteronism. Ngoba sibangelwa izinguquko ezinqubweni zangaphakathi zomzimba wethu. Kodwa-ke, ungalondoloza impilo yakho yonke ngokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo, ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo, nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Iyini iphrojekthi yalesi simo?

Ukubikezela kwe -hyperaldosteronism kuncike embangela.

• I-primary hyperaldosteronism , uma itholakale kusenesikhathi futhi yelashwa kahle, ivame ukuba nomphumela omuhle . Uma isimila sisusiwe, lesi simo sivame ukulawulwa.
• I-Hyperaldosteronism yesibiliIkusasa lalesi sifo lincike ekutheni isimo sezokwelapha esiyisisekelo (isib. isifo senhliziyo, isifo sesibindi) singalawulwa kahle kangakanani.

Izinkinga ezinkulu ezingaba khona ngenxa ye-hyperaldosteronism yizinkinga zenhliziyo ezibangelwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Lezi zifaka:

• I-Atrial fibrillation - ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile.
• I-hypertrophy ye-ventricular yesobunxele - ukuqina kwezindonga zegumbi lesobunxele lenhliziyo.
• Isifo senhliziyo
• Isifo sohlangothi

Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi simo ngokushesha bese uthola ukwelashwa okufanele.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Uma kutholakale ukuthi une-hyperaldosteronism, kufanele ubonane nodokotela wakho njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imithi oyinikezwe isebenza kahle . Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.

Uma uthola noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha, noma ubona ushintsho ezimpawini ezikhona , yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi, uma une-high blood pressure engamelani nemithi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinto ezikukhathazayo, njengokuthi, "Ngingaba ne-hyperaldosteronism?" Angahlola isimo sakho futhi ancome noma yiziphi izivivinyo ezidingekayo.

Khumbula, kunezimbangela eziningi zomfutho wegazi ophakeme. I-Hyperaldosteronism ingenye yazo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lesi yisimo esingelapheka.

Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngakho-ke ngithemba ukuthi usuyaqonda kangcono lokho ebesikhuluma ngakho, i-Hyperaldosteronism. Nazi ezinye izinto okufanele uzikhumbule:

• I-Hyperaldosteronism ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone i-aldosterone yizindlala ze-adrenal.
• Lokhu kungabangela umfutho wegazi ophakeme (umfutho wegazi ophakeme) kanye namazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini (i-hypokalemia) .
• Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko: Eyokuqala ( inkinga ngezindlala ze-adrenal ngokwazo) kanye neyesibili (ukukhuthazwa kwezindlala ze-adrenal ngenxa yenkinga kwenye indawo).
• Uma unomfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawulwa ngemithi , kufanele usole lokhu.
• Lokhu kutholakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi .
• Ukwelashwa kuhilela ukulawula umfutho wegazi kanye nokwelapha imbangela eyinhloko .
• Uma kutholakala futhi kwelashwa kusenesikhathi, imiphumela emihle ingatholakala .

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza udokotela wakho. Hlala uphilile!

I- Hyperaldosteronism, i-Hyperaldosteronism, i-Aldosterone, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-Potassium, izindlala ze-adrenal, i-Conn's syndrome