Ingabe uthola ngisho nobuhlungu obuvamile bungabekezeleleki? Ake sixoxe nge-Hyperalgesia!

Cabanga ukuthi unesici sokusha okuncane esandleni sakho ngenkathi usebenza ekhishini. Noma unemivimbo emincane ngenkathi udlala ikhilikithi. Kuvamile ukuzwa ubuhlungu obuncane ngezikhathi ezinje. Kodwa kuthiwani uma lobo buhlungu obuncane buba obungabekezeleleki, obukhulu kangangokuthi uzizwe sengathi ufuna ukumemeza? Leso yisimo esikhuluma ngaso namuhla, 'i-Hyperalgesia'. Lesi yisibonakaliso hhayi isifo. Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Kuyini i-hyperalgesia kalula?

Ubuhlungu empeleni buyingxenye enempilo nejwayelekile yemizimba yethu. Bufana nensimbi yokuxwayisa. Ubuhlungu busitshela ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle, ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle emizimbeni yethu. Uma sizwa ubuhlungu, sisabela ngokuzenzakalelayo kubo, sizama ukuvimba ubuhlungu. Cabanga ukuthi zingaki izingozi ezinkulu esingazithola ukube besingazizwanga ubuhlungu.

I-Hyperalgesia yisimo lapho ubuhlungu buzwakala khona ezingeni elinzima kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, noma ngabe kufanele kube njalo. Kalula nje, impendulo ebuhlungwini iyakhula. Lokhu kungabangelwa yizizathu ezahlukahlukene, futhi ngokuvamile kungalawulwa ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Hyperalgesia ne-Allodynia?

Nakuba la magama amabili efana kancane, kunomehluko ocacile phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili. Ukuze ukuqonde kahle lokhu, bheka ithebula elingezansi.

Uyawuqonda umehluko? Ku-hyperalgesia, ubuhlungu buvela entweni okufanele ibuhlungu, kodwa bukhulu kakhulu. Ku-allodynia, ubuhlungu buvela entweni okungafanele ibuhlungu.

Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-Hyperalgesia emizimbeni yethu?

I-Hyperalgesia ishintsha indlela umzimba wethu okhiqiza futhi ucubungula ngayo izimpawu zobuhlungu. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko:

• Umkhawulo wokuzwa ubuhlungu wehliswa: Umkhawulo wobuhlungu lapho into evame ukubhekwa njengengakhululekile iba buhlungu wehliswa kakhulu kulesi simo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngisho nento encane kakhulu ingabangela ubuhlungu.
• Impendulo iba namandla kakhulu: Ama-receptor obuhlungu emzimbeni wethu aba maningi futhi asebenza kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Lokhu kwenza ubuhlungu bube bukhulu kakhulu.
• Izimpawu zobuhlungu azipheli: Ngisho nangemva kokuba imbangela yobuhlungu isisusiwe, ama-pain receptors aba nomuzwa ophakeme futhi aqhubeke nokuthumela izimpawu zobuhlungu ebuchosheni.

Lokhu kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

1. I-hyperalgesia eyinhloko: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ubuhlungu buzwakala kuphela endaweni yokulimala. Isibonelo, isikhumba esishiswe yilanga sizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu endaweni yokulimala.

2. I-hyperalgesia yesibili: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ubuhlungu buzwakala ezindaweni ezizungeze ukulimala, ezingahlobene nendawo yokulimala. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yoshintsho endleleni uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa olucubungula ngayo izimpawu zobuhlungu.

Yiziphi izimbangela ezivamile ze-hyperalgesia?

Manje sesiyazi ukuthi lesi simo sibangelwa ukuthi ama-pain receptors emizimba yethu abe nomuzwa ophakeme. Kunezimbangela eziningi ezingaba khona zalokhu.

• Ukusha (kufaka phakathi ukusha kwelanga)
• Ukuluma noma ukulunywa yizinambuzane, izilwane ezihuquzelayo, noma ezinye izilwane
• Izimo zomdlavuza
• Izinkinga zokusebenzisa imithi ethile isikhathi eside (sizoxoxa ngalokhu ngezansi)
• Ukulimala kwemizwa okubangelwa yisifo sikashukela (i-Diabetic Neuropathy)
• Izifo zesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela (isib. i-Lupus, i-Multiple Sclerosis)
• Izifo ezithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa (isib. i-Shingles, i-Herpes virus)
• Izimo ezifana ne-migraine
• Izinkinga zobuhlungu obungapheli ezifana ne-'Complex regional pain syndrome'
• Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokulimala kwangaphandle (njengokuphuka kwamathambo, imisipha edabukile, ukulimala kwemizwa)

Ubuhlungu obandayo obubangelwa amaphilisi okudambisa izinhlungu (i-Opioid-induced hyperalgesia - OIH)

Leli iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu nelibalulekile okufanele ulinake. Uma usebenzisa umuthi wobuhlungu we-opioid (onamandla kancane) isikhathi eside, ngezinye izikhathi umphumela ongemuhle obizwa ngokuthi 'i-opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH)' ungaba khona. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuzwela komzimba ebuhlungwini kuyanda ngenxa yemithi yobuhlungu ethathwa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu, okwenza ubuhlungu bube bubi kakhulu.

Yingakho odokotela becabanga kabili ngokunikeza imithi yokubulala izinhlungu ye-opioid isikhathi eside. Uma umuntu eba ne-OIH, udokotela uvame ukunciphisa kancane kancane umthamo womuthi bese ewuyeka ngokuphelele. Lokhu akunakwenziwa konke ngesikhathi esisodwa, njengoba kungabangela imiphumela emibi eyingozi. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngaphansi kweseluleko nokuqondisa kukadokotela.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-hyperalgesia?

Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela kanye nohlobo lwe-hyperalgesia. Ukwelashwa okukodwa noma inhlanganisela yokwelashwa kungasetshenziswa. Udokotela wakho kuphela ozokwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu esimweni sakho.

Nazi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezivame ukusetshenziswa:

• Imithi: Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi zisetshenziselwa lokhu. Isibonelo, `i-Acetaminophen` (i-Paracetamol), `ama-NSAID` (imithi elwa nokuvuvukala engeyona eye-steroidal), `ama-Antidepressants`, eminye imithi yesifo sokuwa, kanye nemithi yokubulala izinzwa yendawo efana ne-`i-Lidocaine`.
• Ukususwa kwemizwa: Lokhu kuhilela ukuvimbela okwesikhashana imizwa ethumela izimpawu zobuhlungu ezingalungile. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukususwa kwemizwa ngemisebe noma ngokujova ikhemikhali efana neBotox.
• Ukuvimba kwemizwa: Ukujova umuthi wokubulala izinzwa emsipheni ukuze kuvinjwe izimpawu zobuhlungu ukuthi zingafiki ebuchosheni.
• I-TENS (i-Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation): Indlela yokulawula izimpawu zobuhlungu ngokuletha ugesi omncane kakhulu ebusweni besikhumba.

Yiziphi izikhathi ezinhle kakhulu zokuya kudokotela?

Ubuhlungu obuvela entweni encane, njengokushiswa yilanga nje, buvame ukuphela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Kodwa-ke, uma ubuhlungu bukhulu kangangokuthi abubekezeleleki futhi kwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke , noma uma ubuhlungu buqhubeka amasonto , ngokuqinisekile kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kufanele ubonane nodokotela.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha uma kukhona ukusha okukhulu (izinga lesibili noma ngaphezulu), noma ukusha ekhanda, ebusweni, noma ezithweni zangasese. Udokotela wakho uzokwazisa futhi uma ubuhlungu bakho bukhulu ngokwanele ukuthi kudingeke ukuthi uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU).

Abantu abanalesi simo abazenzisi ubuhlungu noma badlale ngobuhlungu babo. Kungenxa yokuthi kunenkinga ngokulungiswa kobuhlungu emizimbeni yabo okwenza ubuhlungu bube bukhulu kangaka. Ngakho-ke uma wena noma othile omaziyo ezwa ubuhlungu obunjalo obungavamile nobunzima, into engcono kakhulu nephephile ongayenza ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha.