Umzimba wethu ufana nomshini omangalisayo kakhulu noyinkimbinkimbi. Ukuze lo mshini usebenze ngokuqhubekayo futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga, izinhlelo eziningi ezixhumene zidinga ukusebenza ndawonye. Uhlelo olulodwa olubaluleke kakhulu
uhlelo lwe-endocrine , noma njengoba sisho ngesiNgisi, uhlelo lwe-endocrine. Kalula nje, lokhu kuyifektri
yama-hormone emizimbeni yethu. Ngakho-ke, amalungu amabili abaluleke kakhulu, amancane ale fektri yama-hormone yizindlala
ze -adrenal. Namuhla sikhuluma ngala maqhawe amabili amancane.
Ziyini lezi zindlala ze-adrenal?
Izindlala ze-adrenal ziyizindlala ezimbili ezincane, ezimise okwesicaba. Zisebenza njengengxenye yesistimu yethu ye-endocrine. Lolu hlelo luyinethiwekhi yezindlala nezitho ezikhiqiza futhi zikhiphe izithunywa zamakhemikhali, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-hormone, ezilawula imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene emizimbeni yethu. Kufana nenethiwekhi yokuxhumana emizimbeni yethu. Ngaphezu kwezindlala ze-adrenal, kunezinye izitho eziningana ezibalulekile zalolu hlelo. Ake sizazi kancane.
| Indlala / Isigaba | Umsebenzi oyinhloko |
|---|
| I-Hypothalamus | Itholakala ebuchosheni, iyinkosi elawula lonke uhlelo lwe-endocrine. |
| Ama-ovary | Ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone afana ne-estrogen ne-progesterone kwabesifazane. |
| I-Pancreas | Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone i-insulin, elawula amazinga kashukela egazini. |
| Izindlala ze-Parathyroid (i-Parathyroid glands) | Ukulawula amazinga e-calcium emzimbeni. |
| Indlala yephayini | Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone i-melatonin, elawula ukulala. |
| Indlala ye-pituitary | Le ndlala, etholakala phansi kobuchopho, ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi abalulekile emzimbeni. |
| Amasende (Amasende) | I-hormone ye-testosterone kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesidoda kwabesilisa. |
| Indlala yegilo | Njengoba itholakala ngaphambili entanyeni, ilawula ukusebenza komzimba. |
Zitholakalaphi lezi zindlala?
Unezindlala ezimbili ze-adrenal. Zitholakala
phezu kwezinso zakho, njengezimbozo ezincane. Zihleli lapha, lezi zindlala, zilandela imiyalelo evela ebuchosheni bakho, zikhiqiza futhi zikhiphe ama-hormone azo egazini.
Kwenzekani ngempela ezindlaleni ze-adrenal?
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, umsebenzi oyinhloko wezindlala ze-adrenal ukukhiqiza ama-hormone. Lawa ma-hormone angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu. Angama-catecholamine nama-hormone e-steroid. Kunezingxenye ezimbili kule ndlala. Ingxenye engaphakathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-Adrenal Medulla, kanti ingxenye engaphandle ibizwa ngokuthi i-Adrenal Cortex. Lezi zingxenye ezimbili zikhiqiza ama-hormone ahlukahlukene.
Cabanga uhamba emgwaqweni bese kuthi kungazelelwe inja iphume, noma ubona imoto idlula ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kuyanda, amehlo akho avuleka, futhi ukuphefumula kwakho kuyanda, akunjalo? Leyo mpendulo "yokulwa noma yokubaleka" ibangelwa ama-hormone akhishwa yizindlala ze-adrenal .
Ake sibheke ukuthi lawa ma-hormone ayini nokuthi kwenzekani kuwo.
| I-hormone | Isigaba nendawo yokukhiqiza | Imisebenzi eyinhloko |
|---|
| I-Adrenaline | Ama-Catecholamine (ingxenye yangaphakathi - i-Medulla) | Ukulungiselela umzimba isimo esiphuthumayo noma esiyingozi (Ukulwa noma Ukubaleka). Kwandisa ukushaya kwenhliziyo nokuphefumula. |
| I-Noradrenaline | Ama-Catecholamine (ingxenye yangaphakathi - i-Medulla) | Isebenza kanye ne-adrenaline, ikakhulukazi ukwandisa nokugcina umfutho wegazi. |
| I-Aldosterone | I-steroid (ingxenye engaphandle - i-Cortex) | Ukulawula umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga e-electrolyte njenge-sodium ne-potassium egazini. |
| I-Cortisol | I-steroid (ingxenye engaphandle - i-Cortex) | Kuyasiza ekulawuleni ukucindezeleka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyasiza ekulawuleni ubuthongo, ukugaywa kokudla, umfutho wegazi kanye namazinga kashukela, futhi kunciphisa ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. |
| I-DHEA | I-steroid (ingxenye engaphandle - i-Cortex) | Kusiza ekukhiqizeni ama-hormone ocansi njenge-estrogen kwabesifazane kanye ne-androgen kwabesilisa. |
Izifo ezihlobene nezindlala ze-adrenal
Uma izindlala ze-adrenal, ezidlala indima ebaluleke kangaka, zingase zingasebenzi kahle noma zisebenze ngokweqile, kungavela izimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene. Ake sibheke ezinye zezimo ezinjalo eziyinhloko.
| Isimo sezokwelapha | Ngoba nje | Izimpawu ezivamile |
|---|
| Umdlavuza Wezinso | Ukukhula komdlavuza ezindlaleni. | Ukukhishwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone ethile, ubuhlungu besisu. |
| Ukuntuleka Kwezinso / Isifo Sika-Addison | Akukhiqizi i-hormone i-cortisol eyanele. | Ukukhathala okukhulu, isiyezi, ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukwehla kwesisindo, umfutho wegazi ophansi, ushukela wegazi ophansi, ubuhlungu bemisipha, ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba. |
| I-Cushing's Syndrome | Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone i-cortisol. | Ukukhuluphala (ikakhulukazi ebusweni, entanyeni nasesiswini), umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, isikhumba esinciphile. |
| I-Hyperaldosteronism | Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-hormone i-aldosterone. | Umfutho wegazi ophakeme, amazinga aphansi e-potassium egazini, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukuba ndikindiki. |
| I-Pheochromocytoma | Ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-adrenaline noma i-noradrenaline ngenxa yesimila engxenyeni engaphakathi ye-gland (i-medulla). | Umfutho wegazi ophakeme ngokuzumayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukujuluka ngokweqile, ikhanda elibuhlungu, ukuthuthumela, nokukhathazeka. |
| I-Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | Isifo sofuzo esikhona lapho umuntu ezalwa. Ukuntuleka kwama-enzyme akhiqiza ama-hormone. | Ukuthomba ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubafana, ukuvela kwezimpawu zobudoda emantombazaneni. |
Okubalulekile: Uma unezinye zezimpawu ezibalwe lapha futhi ziqhubeka isikhathi eside, sicela uxhumane nodokotela ukuze uthole iseluleko. Ungazihloli noma uzelaphe ngokubheka ku-inthanethi.
Izimo ezinjengokungakwazi ukusebenza kahle kwe-adrenal, uma zingelashwa kahle, zingaholela ezimweni ezibucayi njengokwehluleka kwezinso noma ukushaqeka. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lokhu.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izindlala ze -adrenal, nakuba zincane ngobukhulu, ziyizitho ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu ezilawula ukucindezeleka , umfutho wegazi , amazinga amandla, nokunye okuningi emzimbeni wethu.
- Uma uhlangabezana nezinguquko ezingachazeki ezingeni lakho lamandla, isisindo, imizwa, noma umfutho wegazi, kungaba uphawu lwenkinga yamahomoni.
- Uma izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okukhulu, isiyezi , kanye nokushintsha kwesisindo ngokuzumayo kuqhubeka, ungazinaki.
- Uma unokungabaza noma ukukhathazeka ngalokhu, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukubonana nodokotela ofanelekayo.
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