Ingabe unamazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride egazini lakho? Ake sixoxe nge-hypertriglyceridemia!

Wake wezwa ngamafutha egazini? Mhlawumbe udokotela ukutshelile ukuthi "ama-triglyceride abonakala ephakeme kancane." Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuthi lawa ma-triglyceride ayini ngempela, kwenzekani uma ephezulu, nokuthi yini okufanele siyenze ngakho. Ungakhathazeki, ngizokuchaza lokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.

Ayini ama-triglyceride? Kungani ebalulekile kithi?

Kalula nje, ama-triglyceride awuhlobo lwamafutha egazini lethu. Anikeza imizimba yethu amandla. Sithola ama-triglyceride ekudleni esikudlayo, ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezifana nebhotela namafutha. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa uma sidla amakhalori amaningi kunalokho okudingwa yimizimba yethu, imizimba yethu iguqula lawo makhalori engeziwe abe ama-triglyceride bese iwagcina. Kamuva, lapho sinamandla aphansi, imizimba yethu isebenzisa la ma-triglyceride agciniwe.

Ngakho-ke, ama-triglyceride ayinto ebalulekile esinika amandla. Kodwa-ke, uma enyuka kakhulu egazini, kwandisa ingozi yokuthola izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Yingakho kubalulekile ngathi ukuqaphela lesi simo esibizwa ngokuthi i-hypertriglyceridemia nokulawula amazinga ethu e-triglyceride.

Ngakho-ke, ingakanani i-triglycerides enhle?

Izinga elijwayelekile le-triglyceride egazini lomuntu omdala kufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-milligram angu-150 nge-deciliter (150 mg/dL). Eqinisweni, ngaphansi kuka-100 mg/dL kuyinto ekahle. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukala izinga lakho le-triglyceride ngenkathi uzila ukudla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlolwa igazi lakho ngemva kokuthi ungadlanga noma ungaphuzanga lutho (ngaphandle kwamanzi) cishe amahora ayi-10-12.

I-Hypertriglyceridemia yilapho amazinga akho e-triglyceride engu-150 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu.

Nasi isifinyezo esifushane samazinga e-triglyceride okuzila ukudla kubantu abadala:

• Izinga eliphilile: ngaphansi kuka-150 mg/dL
• Ukuphakama komngcele: 150 – 199 mg/dL
• Izinga eliphezulu: 200 – 499 mg/dL
• Okuphezulu kakhulu: 500 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu

Amazinga e-triglyceride anempilo ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abasebasha (abaneminyaka eyi-10-19) kufanele abe ngaphansi kuka-90 mg/dL. Uma amazinga e-triglyceride engane yakho ephezulu, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela mayelana nendlela yokwehlisa lawo mazinga.

Kuyini i-Severe Hypertriglyceridemia? Ingabe iyingozi?

I-hypertriglyceridemia enzima kakhulu yilapho amazinga akho e-triglyceride engama-500 mg/dL noma ngaphezulu. Abantu abanalesi simo basengozini enkulu yokuthola isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-acute pancreatitis . Lokhu ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas okudinga ukwelashwa.

I-Hypertriglyceridemia yisimo esidinga ukunakwa nokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, akuyona into ephuthumayo yezokwelapha.Udokotela wakho angakusiza wehlise leli zinga. Ukwenza kanjalo kungasiza ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezingathinta inhliziyo noma amanyikwe akho.

Ingabe i-hypertriglyceridemia ne-cholesterol ziyafana?

Yebo, lokhu okubili akufani. I-Hypertriglyceridemia kanye ne-cholesterol ephezulu yizimo ezimbili ezihlukene. Kodwa zombili zihlobene nezinto ezinamafutha ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-lipid egazini lakho.

Ama-lipid ayizinto ezinamafutha ezenza imisebenzi ebalulekile emizimbeni yethu. Ama-triglycerides kanye ne-cholesterol kuyizinhlobo ezimbili zama-lipid. Zombili zihamba egazini ngezinhlayiya ezithwalayo ezibizwa ngama-lipoprotein.

I-Hypertriglyceridemia ukwanda kwama-triglyceride egazini. I-Hypercholesterolemia ukwanda kwama-cholesterol.

Ngokuvamile, abantu abane-triglycerides ephezulu nabo banamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol. Ama-triglycerides aphezulu angaba yingozi, ikakhulukazi uma i-cholesterol yakho "enhle", i-HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein), iphansi kanti i-cholesterol yakho "embi", i-LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein), iphezulu.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokuthi la mazinga egazini lakho asho ukuthini nokuthi ungawabuyisela kanjani emazingeni anempilo.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwe e-United States, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabahlanu abadala unezinga eliphezulu le-triglyceride (ngaphezu kuka-150 mg/dL). Kodwa-ke, le ngozi iyanda njengoba iminyaka ikhula. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abantu abangu-42% abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-60 banalesi simo. Lesi simo singase sivame naseSri Lanka, ngenxa yezindlela zethu zokudla nendlela yethu yokuphila.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-hypertriglyceridemia?

Abantu abaningi abane-hypertriglyceridemia ababonisi zimpawu. Yingakho kungaba "isitha esithule." Abantu abane-hypertriglyceridemia enzima ngezinye izikhathi bangaba nesimo esibizwa ngokuthi ama-xanthomas. Lawa amaqhubu amancane amafutha akheka ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Avame ukubonakala eduze kwamehlo. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi angakhula ezindaweni ezifana namadolo, izindololwane, kanye nezandla.

Kungani amazinga e-triglyceride enyuka emzimbeni wethu? Yiziphi izizathu?

Kunezimbangela eziningana ze-hypertriglyceridemia. Lezi yizi:

• Izici zendlela yokuphila
• Ezinye izifo eziyisisekelo
• Eminye imithi
• Izinkinga ze-lipid zofuzo

Ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Ithonya lendlela yokuphila

Indlela yethu yokuphila inomthelela omkhulu emazingeni ethu e-triglyceride. Ngoba, njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, lapho sidla amakhalori amaningi, imizimba yethu iguquka ibe ama-triglyceride amaningi. Ngakho-ke, uma udla ushukela, amafutha, noma utshwala obuningi kunalokho umzimba wakho okudingayo, amazinga akho e-triglyceride anganda.

Izici zendlela yokuphila ezibangela ama-triglycerides aphezulu:

• Ukuphuza utshwala obuningi: Uyazi, abanye bethu baphuza kakhulu ngesikhathi semicimbi. Lokho kuyasithinta nathi.
• Ukudla ngokweqile ama-carbohydrate acwengekile noshukela: Ukudla okwenziwe ngofulawa wesinkwa (isib. ama-shortbreads, ukudla okubhakiwe), iziphuzo ezinoshukela, amakhekhe, amabhisikidi, njll.
• Ukudla amafutha agcwele ngokweqile: Lokhu kutholakala ekudleni okunamafutha amaningi, enyameni ebomvu, kanye nasekudleni okwenziwe ngamafutha kakhukhunathi.
• Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga ngokomzimba (indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi): Ukuhlala endaweni eyodwa usuku lonke, ukusebenza, nokungazivocavoci.

Cabanga nje, uma sidla inhlanzi ephekiwe ngamafutha, umhluzi owenziwe ngobisi lukakhukhunathi, kanye nesiphuzo esimnandi ngaphezu kwelayisi esilidlayo ngosuku, amakhalori engeziwe avela kukho konke lokho angagcinwa emzimbeni njenge-triglycerides.

Ngenxa yezifo ezithile

Amazinga e-triglyceride angakhuphuka ngenxa yezifo ezahlukahlukene. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

• Isifo sikashukela
• I-Hypothyroidism
• Ukumelana ne-insulin
• Isifo sezinso
• Isifo sesibindi
• I-Lupus
• I-Metabolic syndrome
• Isifo se-Nephrotic
• Ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile
• Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuthi i-rheumatoid arthritis

Abesifazane banezinye izici ezithile eziyingozi:

• Ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini
• Ukukhulelwa - ikakhulukazi ku-trimester yesithathu.

Ngenxa yeminye yemithi esiyithathayo

Amazinga e-triglyceride angakhuphuka futhi uma kusetshenziswa imithi ethile. Izibonelo:

• Imithi yokulwa nesifo sengqondo - isib. i-Clozapine, i-Olanzapine
• Eminye imithi esetshenziswa ukwelapha ukutheleleka nge-HIV (ama-antiretroviral (ART) protease inhibitors)
• Eminye imithi yokucindezela kwegazi okuphezulu (ama-Beta-blockers - angakhethi)
• Ama-Corticosteroids
• I-Cyclophosphamide
• I-estrogen yomlomo
• I-Tamoxifen
• I-Thiazides - izidakamizwa ezibangela ukwanda kokuchama

Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha umuthi onikezwe udokotela ngaphandle kokukhuluma naye kuqala. Uma umuthi ubangela ukwanda kwama-triglycerides akho, udokotela wakho uzokwazi ukukusiza. Bangashintsha umthamo noma bakunike umuthi ohlukile.

Izimo zofuzo ezidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane

Abanye abantu bangase babe namazinga e-triglyceride kanye ne-cholesterol angajwayelekile ngenxa yezici zofuzo. Izibonelo:

• I-Familial combined hyperlipidemia: Ukwanda kwe-triglycerides, ukwanda kwe-LDL cholesterol, kanye nokwehla kwe-HDL cholesterol.
• I-Familial hypertriglyceridemia (uhlobo lwesine lwe-familial dyslipidemia): Ama-triglycerides akhuphukile kuphela.
• I-Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (uhlobo lwesithathu lwe-hyperlipoproteinemia): Ukwanda kwe-triglyceride kanye namazinga e-cholesterol ephelele.
• I-Familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS): Amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride angaphezu kuka-1000 mg/dL.

Ngokuvamile, i-hypertriglyceridemia ingabangelwa yinye noma ngaphezulu yalezi zici. Isibonelo, umuntu angase abe nesifo sofuzo kanye nendlela yokuphila engeyinhle. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiziphi lezi zici bese ekunikeza ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.

Wazi kanjani ukuthi une-hypertriglyceridemia?

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokuthola lokhu: ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ngudokotela kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Ukuhlolwa Komzimba Ngudokotela

Udokotela uzokwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ukuze athole ukuthi impilo yakho injani. Uzokubuza ngalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ingabe ukhona emndenini onesifo senhliziyo, i-cholesterol ephezulu, noma i-triglycerides ephezulu?
• Indlela yakho yokuphila (isib. utshwala, ukusebenzisa ugwayi).
• Ezinye izifo onazo.
• Imithi oyisebenzisayo.

Ngalolu lwazi, udokotela wakho angaqonda ukuthi yini ebangela amazinga akho aphezulu e-triglyceride kanye nengozi yakho yokuthola isifo senhliziyo.

Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okulula okubizwa ngokuthi i-lipid panel kuyindlela kuphela yokuxilonga ngokunembile i-hypertriglyceridemia. Lokhu kuhlolwa kulinganisa amazinga akho e-triglyceride kanye namazinga akho e-cholesterol.

Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, udokotela uzokutshela ukuthi uzile ukudla cishe amahora ayi-10-12 ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlolwa kwegazi. Lokho kusho ukuthi akufanele udle noma uphuze lutho ngaphandle kwamanzi. Ukuze uthole imiphumela enembile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzila ukudla njengoba nje udokotela ekutshela.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingcono kakhulu zalokhu? Ngingakunciphisa kanjani?

Kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokwelapha i-hypertriglyceridemia:

• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila
• Imithi (izidakamizwa)
• Ukwelapha izimbangela eziyisisekelo ze-triglycerides ephezulu.

Ungase udinge eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yalezi zindlela. Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlelo lokwelashwa olungcono kakhulu kuwe.

Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila - lezi yizinto zokuqala ezibalulekile!

Ukwelashwa kuvame ukuqala ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila. Lezi yizinto eziyinhloko:

• Gwema utshwala: yehlisa utshwala ngangokunokwenzeka, noma uyeke ngokuphelele.
• Gwema ama-carbohydrate acwengekile noshukela: Nciphisa ukudla kwakho isinkwa, amaswidi, neziphuzo ngangokunokwenzeka. Kunalokho, yidla okusanhlamvu okuphelele, imifino, nezithelo.
• Yidla ukudla kwasolwandle okwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi ezicebile ngama-omega-3 fatty acid: izinhlanzi ezifana ne-salmon, i-mackerel, i-herring, kanye ne-tuna ziyizinketho ezinhle.
• Zivocavoce kakhulu:Yenza okuthile okufana nokuhamba, ukugijima, ukubhukuda okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku. Yiba matasa emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke.
• Lawula ukudla kwakho kwama-calorie ukuze wehlise isisindo esiningi: Zama ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ngobude bakho.
• Khetha amafutha anempilo esikhundleni samafutha agcwele kanye nama-trans: nciphisa izinto ezifana namafutha kakhukhunathi, uwoyela wesundu, ibhotela, kanye ne-margarine, bese usebenzisa izinto ezifana namafutha omnqumo, uwoyela we-canola, kanye namantongomane.

"Izinguquko ezincane njengokusebenzisa uwoyela omncane lapho upheka ekhaya, ukunciphisa inani lokudla okunamafutha esikudlayo esitolo, nokuphuza itiye elingenashukela esikhundleni setiye elinoshukela kungenza umehluko omkhulu."

Imithi

Uma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zodwa zingalawuli amazinga akho e-triglyceride, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi. Imithi ibaluleke kakhulu kubantu abane-hypertriglyceridemia enzima. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zemithi udokotela angase ayinike:

• Ama-Fibrate - isibonelo i-Fenofibrate
• Ama-omega-3 fatty acids anikezwa ngodokotela - isibonelo i-Icosapent ethyl (IPE)
• Ama-Statins - Nakuba lawa enqunyelwe ukwehlisa i-cholesterol, ngezinye izikhathi athinta nama-triglycerides.

Ukulawula ezinye izifo

Uma unesinye isimo sezokwelapha (isib. isifo sikashukela) esingaba nomthelela emazingeni akho aphezulu e-triglyceride, kubalulekile futhi ukulawula leso simo kahle. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza iseluleko kanye nokwelashwa okudingekayo.

Ingabe i-hypertriglyceridemia ingavinjelwa?

Ezinye izimbangela (ukuguga, izifo ezithile) zingaphezu kwamandla ethu. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto eziningi esingazenza ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke ukuvimbela lesi simo. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Yidla imifino eminingi, izithelo, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, kanye namaprotheni angenamafutha amaningi. Nciphisa uwoyela, ushukela, nosawoti.
• Yiba matasa: Ngaphezu kokuzilolonga okuhleliwe, shukumisa umzimba wakho ngangokunokwenzeka ngesikhathi sakho sansuku zonke. Izinto ezifana nokuthatha izitebhisi esikhundleni se-lifti nokuhamba ngezinyawo uye ezindaweni eziseduze.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo.
• Nciphisa utshwala: Ubuningi besiphuzo esisodwa esijwayelekile ngosuku kwabesifazane kanye neziphuzo ezimbili ezijwayelekile ngosuku kwabesilisa.
• Nciphisa ushukela nama-carbohydrate acwengekile.

Cela udokotela wakho iseluleko esengeziwe ukuze akusize ukulawula amazinga akho e-triglyceride.

Uyini umbono womuntu onalesi simo? (I-Outlook)

Lokhu kuncike ezintweni eziningi. Isibonelo:

• Yiziphi izimbangela ze-hypertriglyceridemia yakho?
• Lingakanani izinga lakho le-triglyceride?
• Yiziphi ezinye izifo onazo?

Ngakho-ke, khuluma nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukuthi isimo sakho siyini ngempela.

Kodwa khumbula, i-hypertriglyceridemia iyisimo esivamile, futhi awuwedwa. Abantu abaningi baphatha lesi simo kahle ngokulandela iseluleko sikadokotela wabo, benze izinguquko endleleni yokuphila, futhi bathathe imithi uma kudingeka.

Kufanele ngimbone nini udokotela?

Qiniseka ukuthi uya kohlolwa njalo ngonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yiba khona kunoma yiziphi ezinye izikhathi njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho. Uma unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka, zizwe ukhululekile ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Yimiphi imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Kubalulekile ukufunda okuningi ngangokunokwenzeka ngesimo sakho, izimbangela zaso, kanye nokwelashwa kwaso. Ungabuza udokotela wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Amazinga ami e-triglyceride angitshelani?
• Ingabe nami ngine-cholesterol ephezulu?
• Yini ebangela ukwenyuka kwama-triglycerides ami?
• Ngingawehlisa kanjani amazinga ami e-triglyceride?
• Iyini ingozi yami yokuthola isifo senhliziyo?
• Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuzivocavoca ezifanele mina?
• Ingabe kufanele ngibone isazi sokudla?

Kunini lapho kudingeka uye e-Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu , shayela u-911 (1990 eSri Lanka) ngokushesha, noma uye ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo eliseduze:

• I-pancreatitis ebukhali - (ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuhlanza, umkhuhlane)
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo - (ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukujuluka)
• Isifo sohlangothi - (ukuba ndikindiki noma ubuthakathaka ebusweni, engalweni noma emlenzeni, ubunzima bokukhuluma, ubunzima bokuhamba)

I-Hypertriglyceridemia yandisa ingozi yokuthola lezi zinkinga ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela lezi zimpawu nokufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma zivela.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukulawula i-hypertriglyceridemia kudinga umzamo othile. Kodwa kuyakufanelekela isikhathi sakho. Kuzodingeka wenze izinguquko ezithile endleleni yakho yansuku zonke, futhi lezo zinguquko zingase zibonakale zinzima ngezinye izikhathi. Kodwa qala kancane. Ngisho nezinguquko ezincane zingenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yenhliziyo yakho. Buza udokotela wakho ngezinsizakusebenza namaqembu okusekela ukuze akusize ufinyelele imigomo yakho. Impilo yakho isezandleni zakho!

i- hypertriglyceridemia, ama-triglyceride, i-cholesterol, isifo senhliziyo, ukudla, ukuzivocavoca, indlela yokuphila