Wake wacabanga ukuthi isikhumba sethu siwungqimba oluncane esingalubona ebusweni? Isikhumba sethu empeleni siyisitho esimangalisayo nesiyinkimbinkimbi. Sinezingqimba ezintathu eziyinhloko. Sibona ungqimba oluphezulu kuphela. Kodwa namuhla sizokhuluma ngongqimba olujulile, olubaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi i-hypodermis noma izicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba kwezokwelapha.
Ngakho-ke ziyini lezi zingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko zesikhumba?
Ake sikuqonde kalula lokhu. Cabanga ukuthi isikhumba sethu sifana nekhekhe elinezingqimba ezintathu.
- I-Epidermis: Lolu ungqimba oluphezulu esingalubona. Lufana ne-ayisikhi ekhekheni. Luvikela imizimba yethu kumagciwane kanye nokungcola okuvela ngaphandle.
- I-Dermis: Lena ungqimba oluphakathi. Lolu ungqimba luqukethe izinto eziningi, njengezindlala zethu zokujuluka, ama-follicle ezinwele, kanye neziphetho zemizwa.
- I-Hypodermis: Lolu ungqimba olujulile esikhuluma ngalo namuhla, olungaphansi. Yilokhu okuxhumanisa ungqimba oluphezulu olubili nemisipha namathambo angaphakathi kwemizimba yethu.
Uyini umsebenzi wangempela we-Hypodermis?
Lolu ngqimba olungezansi lukhonza imizimba yethu ngendlela enkulu. Lwenza imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile.
- Okunamathiselwe: Kalula nje, lena inhlaka "enamathela" isikhumba sethu emisipheni nasemathanjeni emizimbeni yethu. Ngaphandle kwayo, isikhumba sethu besingeke sinamathele emizimbeni yethu.
- Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa (Ukushisa): Lolu ngqimba lufana nengubo egoqwe emzimbeni wethu. Lunciphisa ukulahleka kokushisa komzimba futhi lusivikele emakhazeni. Ungqimba lwamafutha kulolu ngqimba luyasiza kulo msebenzi.
- Ukuvikela umzimba: Ake uzicabange uwela ndawana thize. Khona-ke izitho nemisipha engaphakathi komzimba wethu akulimali kalula ngoba lolu ngqimba lwe-Hypodermis lusebenza 'njenge-shock absorber'. Futhi, kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi izicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba sethu zingahamba kahle. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isikhumba besizohlikihla ngqo emisipheni.
- Ukugcinwa kwamandla: Lolu ngqimba lwe-hypodermis luqukethe amaseli amafutha, abizwa ngokuthi ama-adipocytes. Lawa maseli agcina amandla umzimba wethu owadingayo njengamafutha. Uma singenakho ukudla okwanele, umzimba usebenzisa la mandla agciniwe.
Luquketheni lolu ngqimba lwe-Hypodermis?
Lolu ngqimba aluyona nje inqwaba yamafutha. Luqukethe izinto eziningi ezibalulekile emzimbeni wethu. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
| Izingxenye | Kalula nje, kuhilelani lokho? |
|---|---|
| Izicubu zamafutha | Lawa ngamaseli amafutha agcina amandla, agcina umzimba ufudumele, futhi asebenza njengomcamelo. |
| Imithambo yegazi | Le mithambo yegazi iletha umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba ezidingwa yisikhumba futhi isuse ukungcola. |
| Izicubu ezixhumeneyo | Lezi yizona ezibamba yonke into ekulolu ngqimba ndawonye futhi ziyigcine kuhlaka olulodwa. Zenziwe ngamaprotheni abizwa ngokuthi i-collagen ne-elastin. |
| IBursa | Lokhu kufana nezikhwama ezincane ezigcwele uketshezi ezisebenza njenge-lubricant yokuvimbela amathambo, imisipha, kanye nemisipha ukuthi ingagudlani. |
| Ama-Fibroblast | Lezi uhlobo olukhethekile lweseli olutholakala ezicutshini ezixhumeneyo. I-Collagen ikhiqizwa yilawa maseli. |
| Imithambo ye-lymphatic | Lezi ziyinethiwekhi yeziteshi ezincane ezithwala imfucuza (nemfucuza) isuka ezicutshini zomzimba iye kuma-lymph node. |
| Ama-Macrophage | Lezi uhlobo lweseli elimhlophe legazi. Zifana nonogada bomzimba. Uma amagciwane engena, ayawahlasela futhi awabhubhise. |
| Imizwa | Lezi zinzwa zithumela izimpawu zikagesi ukuze zithole ulwazi oluvela endaweni esizungezile futhi ziluphendule. |
Ingabe ubukhulu be-hypodermis buyafana yonke indawo?
Cha. Ubukhulu balolu ngqimba buyahlukahluka ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Kunqunywa izakhi zofuzo zethu kanye namazinga ama-hormone.
- Emizimbeni enamazinga aphezulu e-testosterone (ngokuvamile emadodeni), lolu ngqimba luvame ukuba lukhulu esiswini, ezingalweni, emhlane ongezansi nasemahlombe.
- Emizimbeni enamazinga aphezulu e-hormone i-estrogen (ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane), lolu ngqimba luyaqina ezinqeni, ezinqeni nasemathangeni.
Futhi, ezindaweni ezifana nezinkophe nezitho zangasese, lolu ngqimba luncane kakhulu, lungaphansi kwemilimitha. Kodwa ezindaweni ezifana nesisu nezinqe, lungaba ngaphezu kwamasentimitha amathathu ubukhulu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi njengoba siguga, lolu ngqimba lwe-Hypodermis luya ngokuya luncipha. Izicubu ezixhumene nalo ziyabuthaka. Yingakho isikhumba siqala ukugoba njengoba siguga.
Yiziphi izimo ezithinta i-hypodermis?
Kunezifo nezinkinga eziningana ezithinta nalesi sigaba esijulile.
- Izilonda Zombhede: Amanxeba avela lapho igazi ligeleza esikhumbeni nasezicutshini ezingaphansi ayancipha ezigulini ezihlala zisesimweni esifanayo isikhathi eside.
- I-Hypothermia: Ukwehla okuyingozi kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba. Lesi simo singase senzeke uma i-hypodermis ingakwazi ukugcina ukushisa komzimba.
- I-Panniculitis: Lokhu ukuvuvukala kongqimba olunamafutha lwe-hypodermis. Lokhu kungabangela amaqhubu abuhlungu ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
- Ukusha kwezinga lesithathu: Ukusha okukhulu okulimaza zonke izingqimba ezintathu zesikhumba.
- Amathumba: Ukukhula okunomdlavuza noma okuvamile okwakheka kulolu ngqimba.
- I-Sarcoidosis: Isimo esibangelwa ukuqongelela kwamangqamuzana okuvuvukala (ama-granuloma) ezithweni ezahlukahlukene zomzimba. Lokhu kungathinta nesikhumba.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Uma kunenkinga nge-Hypodermis yakho, ungase ube nezimpawu ezinjengalezi. Kufanele wazi ngazo.
- Amabala amnyama noma amaqhubu ashintsha isimo noma umbala wesikhumba.
- Ukwehla kokugeleza kwegazi engxenyeni yesikhumba (indawo iba bandayo, ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka).
- Amanxeba ajule kakhulu kangangokuthi izicubu ezingaphansi ziyabonakala, futhi azipholi.
- Ukujuluka okunciphile.
- Isikhumba esimnyama esingenabuhlungu, esimhlophe noma esishile.
Uma ubona into efana nale, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Yini esingayenza ukuze sigcine leli dekhi liphilile?
Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezilula esingazilandela ukuze sivikele lolu ngqimba olubalulekile lwesikhumba sethu.
1. Hlanza inxeba kahle: Noma ngabe liyinxeba elincane, ligeze kahle ngensipho namanzi ahlanzekile. Bese ufaka into efana ne-petroleum jelly (Vaseline™) bese uyimboza ngebhandeji elihlanzekile. Lokhu kuzovimbela amagciwane ukuthi angangeni.
2. Vikela isikhumba sakho elangeni: Ilanga elinamandla ezweni lakithi liyingozi kakhulu esikhumbeni. Uma uphuma, sebenzisa isithako sokuvikela ilanga okungenani esine-SPF 30. Uma kungenzeka, gqoka izingubo ezinemikhono emide nezigqoko.
3. Gwema ukusha: Gcina izinga lokushisa lesifudumezi sakho samanzi lingaphansi kuka-48-50 Celsius (120 Fahrenheit). Sebenzisa isitofu sangemuva lapho upheka ngangokunokwenzeka. Gcina amakhemikhali nomentshisi kude nezingane.
4. Gcina umzimba wakho ufudumele: Gqoka izingubo ezifudumele uma kubanda noma ezindaweni ezinomoya opholile kakhulu. Uma uzizwa ubanda, yenza okuthile njengokunyakaza umzimba wakho noma ukwenza ukuzivocavoca okulula.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-hypodermis iwungqimba lwesithathu olujulile kakhulu lwesikhumba sethu.
- Ixhumanisa isikhumba sethu nemisipha namathambo angaphakathi, igcina umzimba ufudumele, iwuvikele engozini, futhi igcina amandla.
- Isikhumba siyawohloka njengoba siguga ngoba lolu ngqimba luyancipha.
- Ukuvikela isikhumba elangeni, ekushiseni, nasekulimaleni kungasiza ekugcineni impilo yalolu ngqimba.
- Uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingavamile esikhumbeni sakho (amanxeba angapholi, amaqhubu ashintshe umbala), qiniseka ukuthi ukhuluma nodokotela ngakho.
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