Ucabanga ukuthi ugebhezi olusekhanda lakho luyithambo elilodwa elikhulu nje? Eqinisweni, abantu abaningi bacabanga kanjalo. Kodwa iqiniso liyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokho. Ugebhezi lwethu luyisakhiwo esimangalisayo. Lufana nenqaba evikela ubuchopho bethu kanye nezitho ezibucayi ebusweni bethu. Ngakho-ke, ake sixoxe kabanzi ngale nqaba emangalisayo, akunjalo?
Ugebhezi lwenziwe ngani?
Kalula nje, ugebhezi luyiqoqo lamathambo akha ikhanda lethu. Nakuba singase sicabange ngalo njengento eyodwa, empeleni luyisakhiwo esakhiwe ngamathambo amancane angu-22 axhumene. Lokhu kufaka phakathi amathambo akha ingxenye ephezulu nengemuva lekhanda, kanye namathambo ambalwa ahlukene abumba ubuso bethu.
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuvikela izitho ezibucayi nezibalulekile ngaphakathi kwekhanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhanda ngokwalo lisekela ubuso bethu futhi lisiza ngokunyakaza kobuso. Ngokumangalisayo, leli khanda lingenye yezakhiwo zokuqala ezakhiwa ngemva kokuba umntwana ekhulelwe esibelethweni. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa liyaqhubeka nokukhula futhi lidlula ezinguqukweni ezithile ngisho nangemva kokuzalwa, njengoba nje ingane ikhula esibelethweni.
Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko yekhanda?
Wonke la mathambo ahlukene ekhanda asebenza ndawonye ukuze afeze izinjongo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Ukunikeza isivikelo: Njengesigqoko , into yokuqala nebaluleke kakhulu ukuzungeza ubuchopho bethu, isiqu sobuchopho , namehlo futhi siwavikele ezingozini zangaphandle.
2. Ihlinzeka ngesakhiwo nokusekelwa: Ugebhezi luhlinzeka ngesakhiwo nohlaka lwemisipha , imithambo yegazi , kanye nezicubu ezixhumanisayo ezakha isikhumba sobuso bethu kanye nesikhumba sekhanda. Lezi zicubu ezithambile zibalulekile ezinqubweni ezibalulekile njengokugwinya , ukuphefumula , kanye nokubona.
Ngesikhathi sisesesibelethweni sikamama, okungukuthi, phakathi namasonto okuqala ayisishiyagalombili okukhulelwa, izingxenye zekhanda nazo ziqala ukwakheka, njengoba uhlelo lwethu lwezinzwa lukhula. Bese kuthi, phakathi nokukhulelwa, la mathambo kancane kancane abe nesimo sekhanda lomuntu.
Ake sihlolisise ukwakheka kwekhanda.
Ugebhezi lwethu lungahlukaniswa izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko. Ukuze uqonde lokhu, bheka ithebula elingezansi.
| Ingxenye yogebhezi | Incazelo kanye nomsebenzi |
|---|---|
| Ingxenye emboza ubuchopho (i-Neurocranium) | Leli “bhokisi” elivikelayo elizungeze ubuchopho. Lakhiwe ngamapuleti amaningana amathambo. Izindawo lapho la mathambo ehlangana khona zibizwa ngokuthi ama-suture . La ma-suture aguquguquka kancane ukuvumela ubuchopho ukuthi buqhubeke nokukhula ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Wake wazizwa “amabala amancane” phezulu ekhanda lomntwana osanda kuzalwa? Lawo abizwa ngokuthi ama-fontanelles . Lawa avala kancane kancane ngesikhathi sobuntwana. |
| I-Viscerocranium | Lena yingxenye engaphambili yekhanda, lapho ubuso bethu bakheka khona. Yakhiwe ngamathambo obuso ayi-14. Uma ehlangene, la mathambo anika ubuso ukuma nokwakheka kwawo. Avikela ama-sinuses namehlo, futhi ahlinzeka ngesakhiwo esisekelayo somlomo. I- temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ibalulekile ekuhlafuneni nasekudleni. |
Kalula nje, i-Neurocranium yingxenye efana nesigqoko esivikela ubuchopho. I-Viscerocranium uhlaka olunikeza ubuso bethu ukuma.
Ingozi ekhanda! Wazi kanjani ukuthi kunenkinga ngekhanda?
Ukulimala ekhanda nasekhanda kungaba kubi kakhulu . Iqhubu elincane noma ukuklwebheka kungase kuphole ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi empilweni. Kodwa-ke, okunye ukulimala ekhanda kungabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, ubuhlungu, izinkinga zokubona, noma ukulahlekelwa ukwazi. Uma uke waba nokulimala ekhanda, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela. I-X-ray yekhanda ingadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kukhona yini inkinga.
Kudingeka siqaphele izimo eziningana ezingathi sína ezihlobene nogebhezi.
| Isimo | Izici okufanele uziqaphele nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze |
|---|---|
| Ukuxinana kwengqondo | Lesi yisimo esithinta ubuchopho ngemva kokulimala ekhanda. Yilapho ubuchopho buqhuma ngaphakathi kogebhezi, okubangela umonakalo ezicutshini zobuchopho. Lokhu kungabangela ikhanda elibuhlungu, izinkinga zokukhumbula, ubunzima bokucabanga, isiyezi, kanye nokushintsha kwemizwelo. Uma usola ukuthi unesifo sokuxhuzula, bona udokotela ngokushesha okukhulu. |
| Ukuphuka kogebhezi | Leli igama elinikezwa noma yikuphi ukuphuka kwethambo lekhanda. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka engozini. Amanye amaphutha amancane futhi awashukumisi ithambo noma alimaze ubuchopho. Kodwa-ke, amanye amaphutha angabangela umonakalo omkhulu emathanjeni nasezicutshini zobuchopho. Uma ushaywe ekhanda futhi ucabanga ukuthi uphukile ekhanda, hamba esibhedlela ngokushesha. |
| I-Intracranial hematoma (igazi eliqhekekile ngaphakathi kwekhanda) | Ukulimala ekhanda kungabangela ukopha ngaphakathi kwekhanda kanye nokwakheka kwamahlule egazi. Lesi simo singasukela kokuncane kuya kokusongela impilo. Lawa mahlule egazi angabangela ukulimala okukhulu kobuchopho, isifo sohlangothi, noma ngisho nokufa. Uma usola ngisho nokuncane ukuthi ungase ube nokopha ngaphakathi ngenxa yokulimala ekhanda, funa usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha ngaphandle kokungabaza. |
| Amathumba | Ukukhula okungajwayelekile, okubizwa ngokuthi amathumba, kungakheka ngaphakathi kwekhanda. Lokhu kungaba umdlavuza noma kungabi umdlavuza (okungenabungozi). Uma usola ukuthi unesimila ekhanda lakho, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela. Izimpawu: Ikhanda elibuhlungu, isiyezi, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukushintsha kombono (ukubona kabili, ukubona okufiphele), ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ukuxhuzula, izinguquko zokuziphatha, izinkinga zenkumbulo, kanye nobuthakathaka bemisipha. |
Ezinye izimo ezithinta ugebhezi
Ezinye izimo zokuzalwa nazo zingabangela ukukhubazeka kwekhanda. Ezinye izimo zofuzo, njengezinkinga ze-trisomy, zingabangela ukuthi ikhanda lingabi nesimo noma usayizi ojwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, uma ikhanda lomntwana libukeka lingajwayelekile, kungaba uphawu lwesimo sofuzo esingaphansi.
Esinye isimo sibizwa ngokuthi "i-Craniosynostosis." Lokhu kwenzeka lapho "i-sutures" phakathi kwamathambo ekhanda lomntwana ivaleka ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Njengoba ubuchopho bomntwana bukhula, ugebhezi lungacindezelwa futhi luthathe isimo esingavamile. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo singelashwa ngokuhlinzwa.
Sigcina kanjani ugebhezi lwethu luphilile?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvikela ugebhezi lwakho kunoma iyiphi ingozi engabangela ukulimala kobuchopho.
- Ungavikela ikhanda lakho ezingozini ngokugqoka izigqoko zokuzivikela lapho udlala imidlalo futhi wenza imisebenzi eyingozi .
- Imbangela ehamba phambili yokulimala ekhanda ezweni lethu izingozi zezimoto . Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugqoka isigqoko sokuzivikela kahle uma ugibela isithuthuthu.
- Futhi, ukubopha amabhande esihlalo nokulandela imithetho yomgwaqo lapho ugibela izimoto kungavimbela ukulimala ekhanda emgwaqweni.
Uma ubhekene nezimpawu ezihlobene nokuphuka kogebhezi, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu ngaphandle kokulibala.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ugebhezi alulona ithambo elilodwa, kodwa luyiqoqo eliyinkimbinkimbi lamathambo angu-22 axhumene.
- Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuvikela ubuchopho bethu, amehlo, nezinye izingxenye zobuso ezibucayi ezingozini zangaphandle.
- Ungalokothi ungazinaki ngisho nokulimala okuncane ekhanda, njengokuzungeza, ukuhlanza, izinkinga zenkumbulo, noma ukushintsha kombono. Bonana nodokotela ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela.
- Ukugqoka izigqoko zokuzivikela kahle lapho udlala imidlalo, ugibela izithuthuthu, futhi wenza umsebenzi oyingozi kungavimbela ukulimala okukhulu ekhanda nasebuchosheni.
Ugebhezi, isakhiwo sogebhezi, amathambo ogebhezi, ubuchopho, ukulimala kwekhanda, ukuphuka kogebhezi, ukuxhuzula, ugebhezi, ubuchopho, ukwakheka komzimba, ukulimala kwekhanda, ukulimala kobuchopho, ukuphepha
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