Uma kunzima ukuphefumula, lapho isifuba sakho sizizwa siqinile, noma uma uzizwa unesizungu, iningi lethu licabanga ngokushesha nge-inhaler. Le divayisi encane ongayibamba esandleni sakho ingasindisa impilo yakho ngezinye izikhathi. Kodwa bangaki kithi abazi ngempela ngale inhaler? Zingaki izinhlobo ezikhona? Ingabe uhlobo olufanayo lunikezwa kuzo zonke izifo? Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ulusebenzisa kanjani ngempela? Kulungile, ake sixoxe ngakho konke lokhu kalula nangokucacile namuhla.
Kalula nje, iyini i-inhaler?
I-inhaler iyithuluzi elincane olibamba ngesandla sakho bese liletha imithi ngqo emaphashini akho. Isebenza ngokushesha ngokuletha imithi ngqo emigudwini yakho yomoya, inikeze impumuzo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ukuvula imigudwini yakho yomoya evalekile noma ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala emaphashini akho. Lawa ma-inhaler aklanyelwe ukuletha imithi njengempuphu eyomile, isifutho somthamo olinganisiwe, noma inkungu ethambile.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-inhaler ne-nebulizer?
Abantu abaningi bayadideka laba ababili. Kokubili ama-inhaler nama-nebulizer asetshenziselwa ukunikeza imithi yezifo zamaphaphu. Kodwa kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Ake sibone ukuthi kuyini.
| Isici | I-inhaler | I-Nebulizer |
|---|---|---|
| Usayizi kanye nesimo | Incane, ungayiphatha ngisho nasephaketheni lakho. (Iphathwa ngesandla) | Inkulu futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa etafuleni. |
| Amandla | Akudingeki amandla kagesi noma amabhethri. | Kudingeka ixhunywe kugesi, ngaphandle kwalokho isebenza ngamabhethri. |
| Indlela yokuphatha | Umuthi uphuzwa kanye kuphela. | Umhwamuko uphefumulwa ngemaski noma nge-mouthpiece imizuzu eminingana. |
| Kulula ukuyisebenzisa | Kulula ukuyisebenzisa uma usohambweni noma esimweni esiphuthumayo. | Ifanele ukusetshenziswa ekhaya nasezibhedlela. Ifaneleka kakhulu ukunikeza imithi ezinganeni ezincane kanye nalabo abanezifo ezinzima. |
Ubani odinga i-inhaler?
Ama-inhalers avame ukusetshenziswa ngabantu abanezifo zamaphaphu zesikhathi eside njenge -asthma kanye ne-COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder) . Laba bantu banikezwa izinhlobo ezimbili zama-inhalers.
1. Ama-Inhalers Ansuku Zonke/Avimbelayo: Lawa asetshenziswa nsuku zonke ukulawula izimpawu nokuvimbela ukuqubuka.
2. Ama-Inhalers Asebenza Ngokushesha/Asindisayo: Lawa asetshenziselwa ukunikeza impumuzo ngokushesha ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa yi-asthma noma lapho i-COPD ivutha futhi ukuphefumula kuba nzima. Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "i-inhaler yokusindisa."
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kufanele usebenzise i-inhaler udokotela wakho akunike yona kuphela. Ungalokothi usebenzise i-inhaler yomunye umuntu.
Ngisho nakumuntu ongenaso i-asthma, udokotela ngezinye izikhathi angamnika i-inhaler okwesikhashana yezifo zokuphefumula ezifana ne-bronchitis.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zama-inhaler kanye nemithi equkethe wona
Amadivayisi okuphefumula angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko. Futhi izinhlobo zemithi ezinikezayo nazo ziyahlukahluka. Ake sibheke lokhu ngokuningiliziwe.
Izinhlobo zamadivayisi e-inhaler
- Ama-Metered Dose Inhalers (MDIs): Lawa yilokho esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi "ama-puffers". Umuthi usebhokisini elingaphansi kwengcindezi. Uma siwucindezela, umuthi ukhishwa ngokushesha njengesifutho. Ngaleso sikhathi, kufanele siphefumule kahle.
- Ama-Dry Powder Inhalers (DPI): Lawa aqukethe umuthi ngesimo sempuphu. Umuthi awukhishwa. Uma siphefumula ngokushesha nangokujulile,Lena yindlela lezi impuphu ezilethwa ngayo emaphashini. Ziza ngezimo ezahlukene, njengepayipi noma idiski eyindilinga (isib. iDiskus®, iHandiHaler®).
- Ama-Soft Mist Inhalers: Lawa madivayisi aguqula umuthi owuketshezi ube yi-mist encane kakhulu. Le mist ihamba kancane kune-spray evela kuma-MDI, okwenza kube lula ukuyiphefumula.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zemithi equkethwe kuma-inhaler
Okwenzekayo kumshini wokufutha kuncike emuthini ongaphakathi kuwo. Ake siqonde lezi zinhlobo zemithi kusukela kuthebula elingezansi.
| Uhlobo lomuthi | Umsebenzi kanye nokusetshenziswa | Izibonelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ama-bronchodilator asebenza isikhathi esifushane (SABA/SAMA) | Lezi zibizwa nangokuthi "ama-Rescue Inhalers." Ziphumuza ngokushesha imisipha yendlela yokuphefumula futhi zenze kube lula ukuphefumula. Zisetshenziswa uma uhlaselwa yi-asthma futhi unenkinga yokuphefumula. Zisebenza cishe amahora angu-4-6. | I-Salbutamol (Ventolin®), i-Levalbuterol (Xopenex®), i-Ipratropium (Atrovent®) |
| Ama-Bronchodilator asebenza isikhathi eside (LABA/LAMA) | Lezi zisetshenziswa nsuku zonke ukulawula izimpawu. Zisiza ukugcina imigudu yomoya ivulekile amahora angu-12-24. Azifanele ukusetshenziswa eziphuthumayo. | I-Salmeterol (i-Serevent®), i-Tiotropium (i-Spiriva®), i-Formoterol (i-Foradil®) |
| Ama-Corticosteroids Aphefumulayo (ICS) | Lokhu kunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala emigwaqweni yomoya. Kusetshenziswa nsuku zonke ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa yi-asthma. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "ama-Preventer Inhalers". | I-Budesonide (i-Pulmicort®), i-Fluticasone (i-Flovent®), i-Beclomethasone (i-Qvar®) |
| Imithi Ehlanganisiwe | Lezi yizinhlanganisela zemithi emibili noma emithathu engenhla. Isibonelo, kunezifutho eziningi ezihlanganisa i-LABA ne-ICS. | I-Fluticasone/Salmeterol (Advair®), i-Budesonide/Formoterol (Symbicort®), i-Fluticasone/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol (Trelegy®) |
Indlela efanele yokusebenzisa i-inhaler
Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze uthole okuningi nge-inhaler yakho, udinga ukuyisebenzisa kahle . Uma uyisebenzisa kabi, umuthi uzohlala emlonyeni wakho nasemphinjeni esikhundleni sokufinyelela emaphashini akho. Indlela osebenzisa ngayo uhlobo ngalunye lwe-inhaler ihlukile kancane.
Buza udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kahle i-inhaler abakunike yona, bese uyijwayela.
Nazi ezinye izinyathelo ezivame ukulandelwa.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-MDI (i-puffer):
1. Okokuqala, susa isivalo emlonyeni.
2. Shukumisa kahle i-inhaler (cishe imizuzwana emi-5).
3. Khipha umoya ngokujulile ngangokunokwenzeka bese ukhipha umoya emaphashini akho.
4. Faka umlomo we-inhaler emlonyeni wakho bese uwuvala kahle ngezindebe zakho.
5. Manje cindezela ibhodlela ngalinye ngesikhathi njengoba uqala ukuphefumula kancane kancane nangokujulile .
6. Qhubeka uphefumula kancane futhi uma usuqedile, susa i-inhaler emlonyeni wakho.
7. Bamba umoya wakho cishe imizuzwana eyi-10 . Lokhu kunikeza umuthi isikhathi sokufinyelela emaphashini akho.
8. Bese ukhipha umoya ngendlela evamile.
9. Uma udokotela ekutshelile ukuthi uphinde uphefuze, linda cishe umzuzu bese ukwenza futhi.
Ukusebenzisa i-spacer: Abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane, banenkinga yokuchitha isikhathi sokuphefumula kwabo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kungasetshenziswa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-spacer tube. I-inhaler ixhunywe kulokhu, umuthi ufakwa ku-spacer, bese isiguli siphefumula kancane ngayo. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu inani lomuthi ochithwayo.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-DPI (i-inhaler ewuphawuda):
Lezi zihlukile kuma-MDI.
1. Faka umthamo wemithi ngokwemiyalelo ye-inhaler (eminye idinga ukuthi ujike umshini wokusika, eminye idinga ukuthi uchofoze).
2. Phendula ikhanda lakho lisuke ku-inhaler bese uphefumula kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Ungalokothi uphefumulele ku-inhaler.Uma wenza lokho, impuphu ingase imanzi futhi ibambeke.
3. Faka umlomo emlonyeni wakho bese uwuvala kahle ngezindebe zakho.
4. Manje donsa umoya ngokushesha nangokujulile , njengokungathi usebenzisa umshini wokuhlanza.
5. Khipha i-inhaler emlonyeni wakho bese ubamba umoya wakho cishe imizuzwana eyi-10 .
6. Bese ukhipha umoya kancane kancane.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Uma usebenzisa i-inhaler equkethe i-corticosteroid (isb. ICS), hlanza umlomo wakho kahle ngamanzi ngemva kokusebenzisa ngakunye bese uwukhafula . Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukusabalala kokutheleleka ngefungus (thrush) emlonyeni nasemphinjeni.
Kunini lapho udinga ukubonana nodokotela?
Uma unemibuzo mayelana ne-inhaler yakho, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Kubalulekile ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinjengalesi.
- Uma ukuthola kunzima ukusebenzisa i-inhaler oyinikeziwe.
- Uma izimpawu zakho zingalawulwa naphezu kokusebenzisa imithi.
- Uma uvuka ebusuku ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
- Uma udinga ukusebenzisa i-rescue inhaler yakho izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezimbili ngesonto, lokhu kungasho ukuthi isifo sakho asilawulwa kahle.
Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, udokotela wakho angashintsha umthamo wemithi yakho noma akushintshele kolunye uhlobo lwe-inhaler.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-inhaler iyithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu elihambisa imithi ngqo emaphashini yezifo zokuphefumula ezifana ne-asthma kanye ne-COPD.
- Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-inhaler (MDI, DPI), futhi izindlela zokuzisebenzisa ziyahlukahluka.
- Ukuze uthole okuningi nge-inhaler yakho, kubalulekile ukufunda ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ngendlela efanele . Uma ungabaza, buza udokotela wakho njalo.
- Ngemva kokusebenzisa i-steroid (ICS) inhaler, ukuhlanza umlomo wakho kahle kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukutheleleka kwesikhunta emlonyeni.
- Uma izimpawu zakho zingalawulwa noma kufanele usebenzise i-rescue inhaler yakho njalo, bona udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Akufanele neze usebenzise i-inhaler yomunye umuntu noma wabelane nge-inhaler yakho nabanye.
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