Wake wavakashela umuntu osegunjini lokunakekelwa okujulile (ICU) esibhedlela? Uma wenza kanjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi ezinye iziguli zihlala zinikezwa imithi ehlukahlukene ngamapayipi kasawoti. Mhlawumbe othile emndenini wakho unikezwe imithi yokucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu noma inkinga yesigqi senhliziyo. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngeklasi elikhethekile lemithi engasetshenziswa ezimweni ezinjalo. Lezi zibizwa ngokuthi 'ama-inotropes' ngokwezokwelapha.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi 'Inotropes'?
Ama-inotropes uhlobo lomuthi 'otshela' imisipha yenhliziyo yakho ukuthi kufanele iqine noma ihambe kancane kangakanani. Cabanga ngenhliziyo yakho njengephampu epompa amanzi eya endlini yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi lephampu ayikwazi ukupompa amanzi anele eya endlini yakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, le phampu ingazisebenza ngokweqile, ibangele ukucindezela ukwakheka futhi iqhumise amapayipi.
Ama-inotropes afana neswishi ekhulisa noma ehlisa 'amandla' ale moto. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zalezi.
1. Ama-Inotropes Aqondile: Lawa enza inhliziyo ishaye ngamandla , njengokunikeza amandla engeziwe kunjini yamanzi ebuthakathaka.
2. Ama-Inotropes Angalungile: Lokhu kubangela ukuthi inhliziyo ishaye kancane futhi ngamandla amancane , njengokulawula ijubane lenjini esebenza ngokushesha okukhulu.
Kungani kudingeka 'ama-Inotropes Aqondile'?
Ama-inotropes amahle angasiza lapho inhliziyo yakho ibuthakathaka futhi ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomzimba. Le mithi yenza imisipha yenhliziyo ifinyele ngamandla. Lokhu kusiza inani legazi elipompelwa yinhliziyo, noma ukuphuma kwenhliziyo, ukuthi libuyele esimweni esijwayelekile.
Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izitho ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wakho, njengobuchopho nezinso, zithola igazi nomoya-mpilo eziwudingayo, okuzisiza ukuthi ziqhubeke nokusebenza.
Lawa ma-"Positive Inotropes" avame ukunikezwa iziguli ezisezindlini zokunakekelwa okujulile (ama-ICU) ezibhedlela, ezihlushwa yizimo ezibucayi njengokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Anikezwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV).
Ngakho-ke kwenzekani nge-'Negative Inotropes'?
Ama-Inotropes angalungile enza okuphambene nalokho. Atshela imisipha yenhliziyo ukuthi, "Ungasebenzi kanzima, sebenza kancane kancane, ngamandla amancane."
Lezi ziwusizo kubantu abanezimo ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophezulu (`umfutho wegazi ophezulu`), ubuhlungu besifuba (`angina`), kanye nokungajwayelekile kwenhliziyo (`arrhythmia`). Le mithi ivimba inhliziyo ekusebenzeni kanzima kakhulu futhi ilawula izimpawu ezihambisana nayo. Lezi zivame ukuthathwa njengamaphilisi futhi zithathwa isikhathi eside.
Izinhlobo eziningana ze-'Inotropes' ezisetshenziswa kakhulu
Odokotela basebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-'Inotropes' kuye ngesimo sesiguli. Nazi ezinye izibonelo.
| Ama-Inotropes Ahle (aqinisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo) | Ama-inotropes angalungile (anciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo) |
|---|---|
| I-Dopamine | I-Verapamil |
| I-Dobutamine | I-Atenolol |
| I-Epinephrine (i-Adrenalin®) | I-Flecainide |
| I-Norepinephrine (i-Levophed®) | I-Clonidine |
| I-Digoxin (i-Lanoxin®) | I-Disopyramide |
Izifo ezisetshenziselwa lo muthi
`Ama-Inotropes Aqondile` kanye `Ama-Inotropes Angalungile` yizinhlobo ezimbili zemithi esetshenziselwa izinjongo ezahlukene.
Izimo lapho kusetshenziswa khona ama-Inotropes Ane-Positive:
- Ukushaqeka Kwenhliziyo: Isimo esisongela ukuphila esibangelwa ukungakwazi kwenhliziyo ukupompa igazi.
- Ukushaqeka Okubangelwa Ukutheleleka: Ukwehla komfutho wegazi okubangelwa ukusabela okukhulu komzimba wonke ekuthelelekeni.
- Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Ukuncipha kancane kancane komsebenzi wenhliziyo.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile (`Ukuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo ngemva kokuvulwa`).
- Ngemva kokulimala okukhulu noma ukuhlinzwa.
Isikhathi Sokusebenzisa Ama-Inotropes Angalungile:
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- I-Angina (`I-Angina`):Ubuhlungu besifuba obubangelwa ukungafiki kwegazi elanele enhliziyweni.
- Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (`Arrhythmia`)
- I-Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Isimo esibangelwa ukuqina kwemisipha yenhliziyo.
Zingaba yini imiphumela emibi yalokhu?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, ama-inotropes angaba nemiphumela emibi. Lokhu kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesiguli futhi kuye ngohlobo lomuthi osetshenziswayo.
| Imiphumela Engemihle Ye-Inotropes Enhle | Imiphumela Engemihle Yama-Inotropes Angalungile |
|---|---|
| Izinguquko ku-rhythm yenhliziyo (`Arrhythmias`) | Isiyezi |
| Inhliziyo esheshayo (i-Tachycardia) | Ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka emzimbeni |
| Umfutho wegazi ophansi noma ophezulu (Umfutho wegazi ophakeme/Umfutho wegazi ophakeme) | Ikhanda elibuhlungu |
| Ubuhlungu bekhanda nokungaphumuli | Ukuqunjelwa |
| Ukuncipha kokunikezwa kwegazi emisipheni yenhliziyo (`i-Myocardial ischemia`) | Umlomo owomile |
| (Okubalulekile) Ingozi eyengeziwe yokufa ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. | Isicanucanu nokuhlanza |
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi nakuba 'ama-Inotropes Anemiphumela Emihle' kuyimithi esindisa impilo, anezingozi uma esetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Yingakho odokotela bewasebenzisa.Ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu esidingekayo, ngesilinganiso esiphansi kakhulu.
Kufanele uphinde ubonane nodokotela wakho nini futhi?
Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya ngemuva kokuthola i-'Positive Inotropes' esibhedlela, yazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma izimpawu zakho zangaphambilini zibuya noma ziba zimbi kakhulu. Futhi, yazisa udokotela wakho uma unemiphumela emibi emibi kakhulu evela emuthini omusha owawunikezwe wona.
Uma usebenzisa imithi isikhathi eside njenge-'Negative Inotropes', qaphela okulandelayo:
- Uma ungatholi impumuzo eyanele emithini oyinikeziwe noma unemiphumela emibi kakhulu , khuluma nodokotela wakho.
- Ungayeki ukuthatha imithi oyinikezwe udokotela nganoma yisiphi isizathu. Kubalulekile ukuthatha imithi yakho ngesilinganiso esifanele nangesikhathi esifanele, noma ngabe uzizwa uphilile.
- Ungathathi amavithamini, imithi yamakhambi, noma ezinye izithako ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho. Zingasebenzisana nemithi oyithathayo njengamanje. Xoxa njalo ngezinqumo zakho nodokotela wakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-'Inotropes' yizidakamizwa ezishintsha amandla okushaya kwenhliziyo. Ama-'Inotropes Aqondile' aqinisa ukushaya, kuyilapho ama-'Inotropes Angalungile' ewuthulisa.
- Ama-"Positive Inotropes" avame ukusetshenziswa ezikhungweni zokunakekelwa okujulile esibhedlela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu njengokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nokushaqeka.
- Ama-'Inotropes Angalungile' avame ukunikezwa njengamaphilisi okulawula izimo zesikhathi eside njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nobuhlungu besifuba.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha noma ukushintsha umthamo wemithi oyinikezwe udokotela wakho wedwa.
- Uma unenkinga ngemithi oyiphuzayo noma imiphumela emibi oyitholayo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile.
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