Uma uthola ukuthi unomdlavuza, ukucabanga ngokwelashwa kungaba yinto ekhungathekisayo futhi eyesabekayo, akunjalo? Ukucabanga ngokuya esibhedlela izinsuku eziningi, ngisho namasonto, kanye nokwelashwa ngemisebe kungaba yinto ekhathazayo. Ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yasekhaya, izingane, kanye nomsebenzi kungaba yinselele. Kodwa-ke, namuhla sizokhuluma ngendlela yesimanje eyenza le nqubo yokwelashwa ibe lula futhi ikuvumele ukuthi uqedele ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuhlinzwa.
Kalula nje, iyini i-IORT?
Igama eliphelele lale ndlela yokwelapha, elifushaniswe ngokuthi i-IORT, yi- Intraoperative Radiation Therapy . NgesiSinhala, lisho "ukwelashwa ngemisebe okunikezwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa." Lena indlela ekhethekile yokwelapha umdlavuza.
Okwenzekayo lapha kulula kakhulu. Uma uhlinzwa umdlavuza, udokotela ohlinzayo uqala ngokususa lonke isimila emzimbeni wakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela ohlinzayo ohlinzayo uletha imisebe enembile kakhulu, enomthamo ophezulu endaweni lapho isimila sisusiwe khona, lapho amangqamuzana omdlavuza angase abuye khona. Lokhu kwenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Umgomo oyinhloko walokhu ukubhubhisa noma yimaphi amangqamuzana omdlavuza amancane kakhulu, angabonakali angase ahlale endaweni ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ingozi yokubuyela komdlavuza endaweni efanayo (ukubuya kwesifo endaweni).
Nakuba le ndlela isetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomdlavuza, okwamanje isetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke kumdlavuza webele.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zomdlavuza ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-IORT?
Odokotela basebenzisa kakhulu ukwelashwa kwe-IORT kulezi zimo zomdlavuza ezilandelayo:
- Umdlavuza webele: Ikakhulukazi kumdlavuza webele otholakale usesesigabeni sokuqala.
- Umdlavuza wesikhumba: Kwezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza wesikhumba.
- Umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu: Womdlavuza ohlobene namathumbu amakhulu.
- Umdlavuza wezifo zabesifazane: Womdlavuza owenzeka ezindaweni ezifana nesibeletho kanye nomlomo wesibeletho.
- Umdlavuza womgogodla: Ngezinhlobo ezithile zezimila zomdlavuza ezenzeka emgogodleni.
Ubani lokwelashwa okufanelekela kangcono?
Lona umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kwe-IORT akufaneleki kubo bonke abaguli abanomdlavuza. Izici eziningana zizothonya ukuthi lokhu kwelashwa kulungile yini kuwe.
Isibonelo, ezinye izimila zincane kakhulu futhi azikasabalali ezicutshini ezizungezile. Ezimweni ezinjalo, le ndlela ingase ifaneleke kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uma isimila sikhulu kancane, noma sisabalale kuma-lymph node aseduze, khona-ke ukwelashwa ngemisebe yendabuko kungaba ngcono.
Isinqumo sokugcina senziwa ngemva kokucabangela izici eziningi, njengohlobo lomdlavuza onawo, ubukhulu besimila, ukuthi umdlavuza ususabalele yini, kanye nempilo yakho iyonke. Lesi sinqumo senziwa udokotela wakho ohlinzayo kanye nodokotela wezifo zomdlavuza , ngokubonisana nawe. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile ngalokhu nodokotela wakho.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokwelashwa ngemisebe okuvamile (i-EBRT) kanye ne-IORT?
Uma uqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi zindlela ezimbili ngokucacile, uzokuqonda kangcono ukuhluka kwe-IORT. Ake sibheke lokhu etafuleni.
| Isici | Ukwelashwa ngemisebe okuvamile (i-EBRT) | Ukwelashwa ngemisebe ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa (IORT) |
|---|---|---|
| Indlela yokwelashwa enikezwa ngayo | Umshini omkhulu (i-linear accelerator) ongaphandle komzimba uqondisa imisebe yemisebe emzimbeni. | Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kufakwa idivayisi ekhethekile (i-applicator) endaweni efanayo lapho kwasuswa khona isimila bese kulethwa imisebe. |
| Ithagethi | Imisebe ithinta nendawo lapho umdlavuza wawukhona kanye nezicubu ezinempilo ezizungezile. | Imisebe ihanjiswa ngqo endaweni yesimila, ngomonakalo omncane ezicutshini ezizungezile ezinempilo (inhliziyo, amaphaphu, isikhumba). |
| Isikhathi sokwelashwa | Kumelwe uze esibhedlela nsuku zonke amasonto amathathu kuya kwayisithupha ukuze uthole ukwelashwa. | Ukwelashwa ngemisebe yonke kuqedwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, kungakapheli nemizuzu embalwa. |
| Umthamo wemisebe | Ukuze kuvikelwe izicubu ezinempilo, kunikezwa umthamo ophansi wemisebe nsuku zonke. | Ngenxa yokuthi ukuqondiswa kuqondile kakhulu, umthamo omkhulu wemisebe ungalethwa ngesikhathi esisodwa. |
Yiziphi izinzuzo eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwe-IORT?
Uma ubheka leli thebula, ungase ube nombono ngezinzuzo. Ake sichaze lokho kakhudlwana.
- Ukuncipha kwemvamisa yokwelashwa: Lena inzuzo enkulu kunazo zonke. Cabanga ukuthi kukhathaza kangakanani ukuza esibhedlela nsuku zonke amasonto bese ulinda emigqeni ukuze uthole ukwelashwa. Nge-IORT, ukwelashwa ngemisebe nakho kuqedwa ngosuku olufanayo nokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ungabuyela empilweni yakho evamile ngokushesha. Lokhu kukushiya unesikhathi esengeziwe sokuchitha nomndeni wakho nokwenza umsebenzi wakho.
- Kunciphisa umonakalo ezicutshini ezizungezile ezinempilo: Njengoba imisebe ilethwa ngqo endaweni yomdlavuza, ingozi yokufinyelela izitho ezibucayi ezizungezile, njengesikhumba, amaphaphu, nenhliziyo, iphansi kakhulu.
- Imiphumela emibi encishisiwe: Imiphumela emibi efana nokushintsha kwesikhumba (ukusha, ukubomvu) kanye nokukhathala okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa ngemisebe yendabuko kunciphisa kakhulu nge-IORT.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukwelashwa kwe-IORT?
Ngosuku lwenqubo, uzonikezwa i-anesthesia ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke uzobe ulele kuyo yonke inqubo. Inqubo imi kanje:
1. Okokuqala, udokotela ohlinzayo uyasisusa ngokuphelele isimila somdlavuza.
2. Ngemuva kwalokho, idivayisi ekhethekile (`i-applicator`) eyenzelwe ngqo ukuletha imisebe ifakwa emgodini lapho kususwe khona isimila.
3. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha ngemisebe uletha umthamo onqunyiwe wemisebe ezicutshini eziqukethe isimila ngedivayisi, elawulwa yikhompyutha.
4. Uma imisebe isilethiwe, idivayisi iyasuswa.
5. Ekugcineni, udokotela ohlinzayo uthunga inxeba lokuhlinzwa livalwe.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Nakuba imiphumela emibi ingavamile ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-IORT, njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, izinkinga zingavela. Ngakho-ke, qaphela lezi zimpawu uma uya ekhaya ngemva kokwelashwa.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo ezinzima noma ezingalindelekile, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha ngaphandle kokulibala.
- Ukopha ngokweqile okuvela enxebeni lokuhlinzwa.
- Uketshezi olufana nobovu noma iphunga elibi elivela endaweni yenxeba.
- Umkhuhlane noma ukubanda .
Uma ubona into efana nale, ungacabangi ukuthi kuyinto evamile. Into ephephile ongayenza ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-IORT iwukwelashwa ngemisebe okunomthamo ophezulu okunikezwa kanye ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa komdlavuza.
- Inzuzo enkulu yalokhu ukuthi ukwelashwa ngemisebe konke kungaqedwa ngosuku olulodwa, ngaphandle kokuya esibhedlela amasonto amaningi.
- Lokhu kwelashwa akufaneleki kubo bonke abaguli abanomdlavuza. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizonquma ukuthi kulungile yini kuwe.
- Uma kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa ngemisebe okuvamile, i-IORT ibangela umonakalo omncane ezicutshini ezizungezile ezinempilo futhi inemiphumela emibi emincane.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile nganoma yimiphi imibuzo, ukwesaba, noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho mayelana nezinketho zakho zokwelapha. Bazokusiza ukuthi ukhethe ukwelashwa okufanele nokuphephile kakhulu kuwe.
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