Sonke sizwile abantu bethi, "Ngidinga ukukunika usawoti," "Ngidinga ukukunika i-glucose," lapho umuntu egula, ehlanza noma ehuda, noma ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu. Abanye abantu baze bathi ikunika amandla. Ngakho-ke yiziphi ngempela lezi ziketshezi ezinikezwa umzimba ngemithambo yegazi, noma lokho abakubiza ngokuthi uketshezi lwe-IV ngokwezokwelapha? Kungani zinikezwa? Ingabe kuphephile? Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngakho konke lokhu kalula, ngendlela ongayiqonda.
Kungani sidinga ama-IV Fluids (ama-saline)?
Kalula nje, uketshezi lwe-IV luyadingeka lapho inani lamanzi emzimbeni wethu liba lincane kakhulu, okungukuthi, lapho siphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni . Cabanga ngakho njengenjini yemoto. Njengoba nje injini idinga amanzi namafutha ukuze isebenze kahle, amanzi abalulekile kuwo wonke amaseli nezitho zomzimba wethu ukuze asebenze kahle. Eqinisweni, u-60% womzimba wethu wakhiwe ngamanzi. Ngakho-ke uma leli nani lamanzi lehla, ukusebenza komzimba wonke kungaphazamiseka.
Ngokuvamile, ungahlangabezana nalesi sidingo samanzi ngokuphuza amanzi ngomlomo. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi umzimba uba buthakathaka kakhulu ukuba ungaphuza uketshezi ngomlomo, noma inani loketshezi olukhishwa emzimbeni likhulu kakhulu kunenani elithathwa ngomlomo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, lolu ketshezi kufanele lunikezwe ngqo egazini ngomthambo.
Yiziphi lezi zimo?
- Izifo: Uma uhlanza kakhulu noma unesifo sohudo , inani elikhulu loketshezi liyaphuma emzimbeni wakho. Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, noma ngabe uphuza amanzi ngomlomo wakho, angase angahlali emzimbeni wakho aphinde aphume.
- Ukuzivocavoca nokushisa okukhulu: Uma ujuluka kakhulu ngemva kokudlala elangeni noma ukusebenza kanzima, umzimba wakho ulahlekelwa amanzi nosawoti. Uma ungaphuzi amanzi anele phakathi naleso sikhathi, ungaphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Ukulimala okukhulu noma ukusha: Ingozi enkulu, ukulimala, noma ukusha kwesikhumba kungabangela ukulahleka koketshezi oluningi emzimbeni ngokushesha.
- Ukuhlinzwa: Ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu, uketshezi lwe-IV lunikezwa ukuze kulondolozwe amazinga oketshezi emzimbeni ngoba ungaphansi kwe-anesthesia futhi ungase ungakwazi ukudla noma ukuphuza.
Yiziphi izinkinga eziphakamayo lapho umzimba ulahlekelwa amanzi (ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni)?
Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni akusho nje ukuthi womile. Kungathinta izinto eziningi emzimbeni wethu.
- Ukungalingani kwamaminerali: Amaminerali abizwa ngokuthi ama-electrolyte, njenge-sodium ne-potassium, abalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwemizwa nemisipha yomzimba wethu. Lawa awalingani ngesikhathi sokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Ukusebenza kwengqondo: Amanzi nawo abaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kobuchopho. Uma amanzi engenele , kuba nzima ukugxila futhi ikhono lokucabanga liyancipha.
- Ukulahlekelwa amandla: ukuzizwa ukhathele, ukhatheleUkuzizwa ukhathele kuyisibonakaliso esiyinhloko sokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Uhlelo lokugaya ukudla: Amanzi abalulekile enqubweni yokugaya ukudla, kanye nasekukhishweni kwendle nomchamo.
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda: Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kungabangela ubuhlungu bekhanda obuphindaphindwayo kanye nokuqina kwabo.
- Imiphumela ezithweni zangaphakathi: Ukusebenza kwezitho ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi izinso, inhliziyo, nobuchopho, kungathinteka kakhulu.
- Impilo yesikhumba: Isikhumba siba soma futhi sibe nemibimbi.
Khumbula, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kakhulu kuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu ezilandelayo.
| Izimpawu Zokuphelelwa Amanzi Kakhulu | |
|---|---|
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
| Isiyezi | Ukuzizwa udidekile, amehlo ephenduka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. |
| Amehlo, izindebe, nolimi olomile | Amehlo omile, omile kangangokuthi izinyembezi aziphumi lapho ukhala, futhi izindebe nolimi kome sengathi kuqhekekile. |
| Ukoma kanye nokushintsha kombala wesikhumba | Isikhumba siba some, sibe nemibimbi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuvela amabala esikhumbeni. |
| Ukukhathala | Ukuzizwa ungenamandla kangangokuthi awukwazi ukwenza lutho. |
| Ukuphefumula okusheshayo | Izinga lokuphefumula liphezulu kunejwayelekile. |
| Izandla nezinyawo ezibandayo | Ukuzizwa ubanda uma uthinta izandla nezinyawo. |
| Ukuncipha kokuchama | Ukuchama okungaphansi kwezikhathi ezine ngosuku kanti umchamo ophumayo unombala ophuzi omnyama futhi unephunga elinamandla. |
Ingabe kukhona izinhlobo zoketshezi lwe-IV?
Yebo, noma bethi "usawoti," empeleni kunezinhlobo eziningana zoketshezi lwe-IV. Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo oludingayo, kuye ngesimo sakho. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Izixazululo ze-Crystalloid: Lezi yizinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ze-IV fluids. Ziqukethe izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu ezincibilikisiwe emanzini. Lezi zinhlayiya zingadlula kalula egazini ziye ezicutshini nasemaseli omzimba.
- Usawoti Ojwayelekile: Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi “amanzi anosawoti.” Kwenziwa ngokuncibilikisa i-sodium chloride (usawoti) emanzini.
- I-D5W (i-Dextrose emanzini): Lokhu yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "i-glucose" noma "amanzi kashukela". Kwenziwa ngokuncibilikisa i-dextrose, uhlobo loshukela, emanzini.
- I-Ringer's elactated: Lesi sixazululo siqukethe i-sodium, i-chloride, i-potassium, i-calcium, ne-lactate. Sisetshenziselwa ukubuyisela ngokushesha inani elikhulu loketshezi olulahleka emzimbeni.
2. Ama-Colloid: Lawa aqukethe izinhlayiya ezinkulu kakhulu. Lezi zinhlayiya azikwazi ukudlula kalula ezindongeni zamaseli. Ngakho-ke, zihlala ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi isikhathi eside. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-albumin kanye ne-hetastarch .
Yiziphi izinyathelo zokunikeza i-IV saline?
Uma udinga ukunikeza uketshezi lwe-IV, udokotela noma umhlengikazi uzolandela lezi zinyathelo. Ukwazi lokhu kuzokusiza ugweme ukwesaba okungadingekile.
1. Okokuqala, udokotela uzocabangela izinto eziningi, njengesisindo sakho, ubudala, kanye nesimo sakho sezokwelapha, ukuze anqume uhlobo loketshezi lwe-IV oludingayo, inani okufanele ulunikezwe, nokuthi kufanele lunikezwe ngokushesha kangakanani.
2. Okulandelayo, umhlengikazi uzokhetha umthambo omuhle engalweni yakho (ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwendololwane yakho noma engalweni engenhla).
3. Indawo ekhethiwe ihlanzwa kahle ngesisombululo sokubulala amagciwane.
4. Ngemuva kwalokho, i -tourniquet, njengebhande elinwebekayo, ibekwa izungeze ingalo engenhla bese iqiniswa kancane. Lokhu kuzokwenza imithambo ivele ngokucacile.
5. Ngemuva kwalokho, inaliti ehlanjululwe kahle ifakwa emthanjeni. Ungase uzizwe umuzwa omncane wokuhlaba kulesi sigaba. Ipayipi elincane lepulasitiki (i-cannula) elixhunywe enalitini lishiywa emthanjeni bese inaliti isuswa.
6. Susa i-tourniquet bese uqinisekisa ukuthi i-cannula ifakwe ngokuphelele emthanjeni.
7. Bopha i-cannula engalweni yakho ngebhandeji eliyi-plaster ukuze ingayinyakazisi.
8. Bese kuthi ithubhu elide lixhunywe ku-cannula, bese kuthi elinye icala lethubhu lixhunywe esikhwameni se-IV fluid.
9. Isikhwama soketshezi lwe-IV silenga endaweni ephakeme, ngezinye izikhathi ngomshini wokupompa, ovumela uketshezi ukuthi lugeleze emzimbeni wakho ngesivinini esibekiwe.
10. Abahlengikazi beza njalo ukuzohlola ukuthi isebenza kahle yini nokuthi uzizwa ungakhululekile yini.
Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezingavamile kakhulu zalokhu?
Ukunikeza uketshezi lwe-IV kuyindlela elula kakhulu nephephile esetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele. Kungakusiza ukuthi ululame ngokushesha futhi ngezinye izikhathi kusindise ngisho nokuphila.
Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yikuphi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezinkinga ezithile ezingavamile kakhulu ezingavela. Kuhle ukuzazi lezi, kodwa ungazibeki ngokungadingekile.
| Inkinga | Kusho ukuthini lokho? (Kalula nje) |
|---|---|
| Ukushaqeka komoya | Umoya omningi ongena emthanjeni ngokusebenzisa umugqa we-IV. Lokhu akuvamile kakhulu , kodwa kungaba kubi kakhulu uma kwenzeka. |
| Umthambo ogoqekile | Umthambo ungase uvaleke uma inaliti ifakwa noma uma i-cannula isekhona isikhathi eside. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazosebenzisa umthambo ohlukile. |
| Uketshezi oluningi ngokweqile | Uma uphuza uketshezi oluningi kakhulu ngokushesha, ungase uzwe ikhanda elibuhlungu, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nobunzima bokuphefumula. Lokhu kuzoxazululeka ngokushesha uma usulungise amazinga akho oketshezi. |
| I-Hematoma | Ukopha okuvela emthanjeni wegazi kuya ezicutshini ezizungezile. Lokhu kubukeka njengokulimala okunzima futhi kuyaziphola ngokwako phakathi namasonto ambalwa. |
| Ukutheleleka | Uma indawo yokubhoboza ingahlanzwa kahle, kungavela ukutheleleka. Lokhu kungelashwa ngama-antibiotic. |
| Ukungena ngaphakathi | I-cannula ingaphuma emthanjeni bese ivuza uketshezi oluya ezicutshini ezizungezile. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala nokuklwebheka, kodwa kungaxazululeka kalula. |
| I-Phlebitis | I-IV ibangela ukuthi umthambo uvuvuke. Lokhu kuvamile kancane, kodwa kungelashwa kalula ngokususa i-IV bese usebenzisa i-compress efudumele. |
Yini okufanele ngiyitshele udokotela noma umhlengikazi ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwe-saline?
Uma uzwa noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki ngenkathi uthatha isisombululo se-saline, kufanele ukubike ngokushesha. Lokhu kungakuvimbela ekubeni yinkinga enkulu.
- Uma izinga lokugeleza koketshezi esikhwameni sikasawoti lizwakala lihamba kancane noma lishesha kakhulu .
- Uma indawo lapho kufakwe khona i-cannula ibuhlungu, ivuvukile, ibomvu, noma izwakala ishisa .
- Uma i-cannula izwakala ikhululekile .
- Uma uzizwa uphethwe yikhanda ngokuzumayo noma uphefumula kanzima .
Uma uzizwa kanje, ungesabi ukukhuluma nomhlengikazi noma udokotela lapho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Uketshezi lwe-IV, noma "usawoti" noma "i-glucose" njengoba sikubiza kanjalo, luhlobo olukhethekile loketshezi olunikezwa ngemithambo ukuze lugcwalise amanzi namaminerali omzimba uma lungekho (ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni).
- Ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni zokuhlanza, uhudo, ukujuluka ngokweqile, izingozi, kanye nokuhlinzwa.
- Lena inqubo yezokwelapha evamile kakhulu futhi ephephile, kodwa izinkinga zingavela kaningi kakhulu.
- Uma uzwa ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, noma yikuphi ukungakhululeki ngokomzimba endaweni ye-cannula ngenkathi uthola uketshezi lwe-IV, yazisa udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi ngokushesha.
- Udokotela wakho uzonquma uhlobo kanye nenani loketshezi lwe-IV olufanele isimo sakho, ngakho-ke landela njalo imiyalelo kadokotela wakho.
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